zogadi da araorganuli qimia
zogadi da araorganuli qimia
zogadi da araorganuli qimia
Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
vjhtfubht ybdsbtht,fsf ,eyt,bc ufdktyf mbvbehb htfmwbbc<br />
cbxmfhtpt itb.kt,f ufvjbcf[jc itvltub htfmwbt,bc vb[tldbs|<br />
H2 � F2<br />
�<br />
H<br />
2<br />
� Cl<br />
2<br />
2HF<br />
h�<br />
� 2HCl<br />
gbhdtkb htfmwbf vbvlbyfhtj,c cb,ytktibw= vtjht rb v[jkjl<br />
cbyfsktpt\<br />
2NO + O 2 = 2NO<br />
2CO + O 2 = 2CO 2<br />
jsf[bc ntvgthfnehfptw fpjnb (^^) jmcblb cohfafl htfubht,c<br />
;fyu,flsfy= hfw vehf obstkb athbc fpjnbc (^&) jmcblbc<br />
ofhvjmvybs fhbc ufygbhj,t,ekb= vfiby= hjltcfw yf[ibh,flbc<br />
(^^) jmcblb bvfdt gbhj,t,ib sbsmvbc fh htfubht,c ;fyu,flsfy\<br />
vjhtfubht ybdsbtht,fsf rjywtynhfwbbc ufdktyf\ mbvbehb htfmwbbc<br />
cbxmfht lfvjrblt,ekbf vjhtfubht ybdsbtht,t,bc vjktrekt,bc<br />
ehsbthsmvtlt,fpt thstek lhjib lf thstek vjwekj-<br />
,fib\ vjktrekt,bc ehsbthsmvtlt,f sfdbc v[hbd lfvjrblt,ekbf<br />
vfs rjywtynhfwbfpt\ fqybiyekb rfyjypjvbtht,f fhbc vjvmvtl vfcfsf<br />
rfyjyb= hjvkbc vb[tldbsfw= htfmwbbc cbxmfht gbhlfgbhghjgjhwbekbf<br />
vjhtfubht ybdsbtht,t,bc rjywtynhfwbbc yfvhfdkbc\<br />
H 2 + J 2 = 2HJ<br />
tc htfmwbf vjmvtl vfcfsf rfyjybc ufvj'tyt,bs xfbotht,f itvltuyfbhfl|<br />
V = K [H 2 ][J 2 ]=cflfw V _ htfmwbbc cbxmfhtf= [jkj<br />
[H 2 ] lf [J 2 ] fhbc o'fk,flbc lf bjlbc rjywtynhfwbt,b\<br />
htfmwbbcfsdbc N 2 + 3H 2 = 2NH 3 V = K [N 2 ][H 2 ] 3<br />
K _ ghjgjhwbekj,bc rjtabwbtynbf= fye htfmwbbc cbxmfhbc<br />
rjycnfynf\ bub hbw[j,hbdfl htfmwbbc cbxmfhbc njkbf= hjltcfw<br />
vjhtfubht ybdsbtht,t,bc rjywtynhfwbf fhbc 1 vjkb\<br />
ntvgthfnehbc ufdktyf mbvbehb htfmwbbc cbxmfhtpt\ ntvgthfnehbc<br />
ufphlbs bphlt,f htfmwbbc cbxmfht\ vfufkbsfl=<br />
2H 2 + O 2 = 2H 2 O htfmwbbc cbxmfht 300 0 C-pt evybidytkjf= 700 0 C-pt<br />
htfmwbf vbvlbyfhtj,c v'bcbthfl= fatsmt,bs\<br />
dfyn-]jabc otcbc vb[tldbs ntvgthfnehbc 'jdtkb 10 0 Cbs<br />
ufphlbs= evtntcb htfmwbt,bc cbxmfht bphlt,f 2-4-/th\<br />
82 83<br />
T<br />
2<br />
T2<br />
�T1<br />
10<br />
V � � � V<br />
cflfw VT1 lf V fhbc cbxmfhtt,b cfo'bcc lf cf,jkjj ntvgt-<br />
T<br />
2<br />
hfneht,pt= [jkj g= htfmwbbc ntvgthfnehekb rjtabwbtynb=<br />
hjvtkbw udbxdtyt,c= hfvlty/th bphlt,f htfmwbbc cbxmfht vjhtfubht<br />
ybdsbtht,t,bc ntvgthfnehbc 100C-bs ufphlbs\<br />
fmnbdfwbbc tythubf\ bvbcfsdbc= hjv vjhtfubht ybdsbtht,t,c<br />
ijhbc vj[ltc htfmwbf= cfzbhjf= hjv vjktrekt,c ijhbc vj[ltc<br />
it/f[t,f\ vfuhfv vjktrekt,c ijhbc 'dtkf it/f[t,f fh bodtdc<br />
mbvbeh htfmwbfc\ htfmwbf [lt,f v[jkjl vfiby= hjltcfw vjhtfubht<br />
ybdsbtht,t,bc vjktrekt,b bvltyfl vbef[kjdlt,bfy thsvfytsc=<br />
hjv vfs ijhbc itcf.kt,tkb [lt,f tktmnhjyekb cbvrdhbdbc<br />
uflfyfobkt,f lf f[fkb mbvbehb ,vbc ofhvjmvyf\ t\b\ vjhtfubht<br />
ybdsbtht,t,bc vjktrekt,c eylf ]mjyltc bvltyb tythubf=<br />
hjv itcf.kt,tkb uf[ltc vfs ijhbc fhct,ekb ufypbldbc .fkt,bc<br />
(tythutnbrekb ,fhbthbc) uflfafhdf\ fcts htfmwbbceyfhbfy vjktrekt,c<br />
tojlt,f fmnbehb vjktrekt,b= [jkj itcf,fvbc tythubfc<br />
tojlt,f fmnbdfwbbc tythubf\ yfobkfrt,bc /ueac= hjvtkbw<br />
vjyfobktj,c fv ghjwtcib= tojlt,f fmnbehb rjvgktmcb\<br />
tythubf<br />
a<br />
b<br />
cfo'bcb<br />
vlujvfhtj,f<br />
uffmnbdt,ekb<br />
vlujvfhtj,f<br />
C<br />
E 1<br />
Q<br />
E 2<br />
d<br />
cf,jkjj vlujvfhtj,f<br />
htfmwbbc rjjhlbyfnb<br />
T<br />
1<br />
yf[\8\ gjntywbfkehb vhelbc<br />
wdkbkt,f htfmwbbc lhjc
Change language