zogadi da araorganuli qimia

MnCl 4 �� MnCl 2 + Cl 2
.kbth nentt,sfy ehsbthsmvtlt,bcfc MnO 2 ofhvjmvybc
vfyufybnt,c _ jhsjvfyufyjdfyb v;fdfc (H 4 MnO 4 ) fy vtnfvfyufyjdfyb
v;fdfc (H 2 MnO 3 ) vfhbkt,c|
MnO 2 + Ca(OH) 2 �� CaMnO 3 + H 2 O
MnO 2 ntmybrfcf lf kf,jhfnjhbfib ufvjb'tyt,f hjujhw
v;fyufdb\ ufvjb'tyt,f fuhtsdt rfnfkbpfnjhfl\
MnO 3 _ vfyufyevbc (&^) jmcblb fh fhbc vbqt,fkb\
Mn 2 O 7 _ vfyufyevbc (&^^) jmcblb vjvodfyj-vj'fdbcahj
ptsbct,hb v.bvt cbs[tf\ vbbqt,f gthvfyufyfnpt rjywtynhbht-
,ekb ujubhlv;fdbc vjmvtlt,bs|
2KMnO 4 + H 2 SO 4 �� K 2 SO 4 + Mn 2 O 7 + H 2 O
Mn 2 O 7 vfyufyevv;fdfc (HMnO 4 ) fy]blhblbf|
Mn 2 O 7 + H 2 O �� 2HMnO 4
vfyufyevv;fdf _ HMnO 4 .kbthb v;fdff= vfuhfv fhfvluhflbf
lf fhct,j,c v[jkjl o'fk[cyfhbc cf[bs\ vbc vfhbkt,c gthvfyufyfnt,b
tojlt,f\ gthvfyufyfnt,blfy 'dtkfpt vybidytkjdfybf
rfkbevbc gthvfyufyfnb (KMnO 4 )\ vbcb o'fk[cyfhb bbcathbf=
hfcfw gthvfyufyfn bjyb (MnO 4 ) _ ufyfgbhj,t,c\
vfyufyevbc (&^^) yfthst,b .kbthb lfv;fyufdt,bf\ ;fyudf-fql-
_ utybc htfmwbt,ib= ufhtvjcufy lfvjrblt,ekt,bs= MnO bjyb 4
itb.kt,f fqlutyc Mn +2-vlt= ytbnhfkeh fy nent ufhtvjib _
_2 MnO -vlt= [jkj .kbth nent ufhtvjib _ MnO -vlt
2 4
cmtvfnehfl tc wdkbkt,t,b itb.kt,f fct ofhjdblubyjs|
_ MnO 4
lf;fyudbc ajhvf
H 2
H 2 O
OH _
fqlutybkb ajhvf
Mn 2+ eathj [cyfhb
MnO 2 , vehf athbc yfktmb
2- MnO vod fyt athbc [cyfhb
4
uf[eht,bcfc gthvfyufyfnb bikt,f|
2KMnO 4 �� K 2 Mn O 4 + MnO 2 + O 2
fv htfmwbbs vbbqt,f ;fyu,flb kf,jhfnjhbfib\
rfkbevbc gthvfyufyfnb ufvjb'tyt,f vtlbwbyfib\
&^^^ /ueabc d-tktvtynt,b
gthbjlekb cbcntvbc &^^^ /ueabc sfyfeh mdt/ueaib vjsfdct,ekbf
ufhlfvfdfkb nbgbc kbsjyt,b| hrbyf _ Fe= rj,fknb _
Co= ybrtkb _ Ni= hestybevb _ Ru= hjlbevb _ Rh= gfkflbevb _ Pd=
jcvbevb _ Os= bhblbevb _ Jr lf gkfnbyf _ Pt\ tc tktvtynt,b
ofhvjflutyc d-tktvtynt,c\ xfvjsdkbkb kbsjyt,b cfthsj mbvbehb
sdbct,t,bc vb[tldbs itb.kt,f lfdf/ueajs hrbybcf lf gkfnbybc
mdt/ueabc tktvtynt,fl\ hrbybc mdt/ueaib itlbc _ Fe,
Co, Ni= [jkj Pt-bc mdt/ueaib itlbc _ Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Jr, Pt\
Fe-bc mdt/ueabc tktvtynt,bc fnjvt,c ufht tythutnbrek
ihtpt fmdc 2 tktmnhjyb= hjvkt,cfw mbvbeh htfmwbfib vjyfobktj,bc
lhjc fldbkfl ufcwtvty lf ofhvjbmvyt,f yfthst,b=
cflfw vfsb dfktynj,f 2-bc njkbf\ vfuhfv fv tktvtynt,c ite.kbf
tktmnhjyt,bc ufwtvf ,jkjcobyf ihbc d-jh,bnfkblfy\ fv
itvs[dtdfib bcbyb fv;qfdyt,ty jhpt vtn dfktynj,fc\
hrbybc mdt/ueabc tktvtynsf fnjvt,c= gkfnbybc mdt/ueabc
tktvtynt,bcufy ufyc[dfdt,bs= fh uffxybf sfdbceafkb d-jh,bnfkt,b=
hfw ufyfgbhj,t,c hrbybcf lf gkfnbybc mdt/ueabc tktvtynt,bc
mbvbehb sdbct,t,bc ufyc[dfdt,fc\
gthbjlekb cbcntvbc &^^^ /ueabc d-tktvtynt,bcsdbc lfvf-
[fcbfst,tkbf lf;fyuekj,bc hbw[db +2-lfy +8-vlt= sevwf bcbyb
+4-pt vfqfk lf;fyuekj,bc hbw[dc bidbfsfl fdktyty\ vfufkbsfl=
hrbybc vfmcbvfkehb lf;fyuekj,bc hbw[dbf +6, vfuhfv .bhbsflfl
fv;qfdyt,c +2 lf +3 lf;fyuekj,bc hbw[dc\ rj,fknbcsdbc vfmcb-
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