zogadi da araorganuli qimia
zogadi da araorganuli qimia
zogadi da araorganuli qimia
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11\ pjubthsb v'fhb v;fdf jmcblbc itkqj,bs vfhbkt,sfy= cfblfyfw<br />
bcbyb f.tdt,ty fmhjkfl v;fdf jmcblt,c|<br />
SiO � CaCO � CaSiO � CO<br />
2<br />
SiO2 � Na2CO<br />
3 � CaSiO3<br />
� CO<br />
12\ nentt,bc ehsbthsmvtlt,bs vfhbkt,sfy|<br />
3<br />
2NaOH� CuSO �Cu(<br />
OH)<br />
� �Na<br />
SO<br />
4<br />
2KOH� MgCl2<br />
� Mg(<br />
OH)<br />
2 � �KCl<br />
13\ fvbfrbcf lf v;fdt,bc ehsbthsmvtlt,bs vbbqt,f fvjybevbc vfhbkt,b|<br />
NH3 4<br />
� HCl � NH Cl<br />
vfhbkt,bc abpbrehb sdbct,t,b<br />
vfhbkt,b v'fhb= rhbcnfkehb ybdsbtht,t,bf\ o'fkib [cyflj,bc<br />
vb[tldbs bcbyb itb.kt,f lfd'js [cyfl= vwbhtl [cyfl lf<br />
ghfmnbrekfl e[cyfl vfhbkt,fl\<br />
o'fkib rfhufl b[cyt,f fpjnv;fdfc lf .vfhv;fdfc vfhbkt,b=<br />
vfhbkv;fdfc vfhbkt,b ufhlf AgCl-cf lf Hg 2 Cl 2 -cf\ nent vfhbkt,bcf<br />
lf fvjybevbc vfhbkt,b 'dtkf [cyflbf\<br />
vfhbkt,bc mbvbehb sdbct,t,b<br />
vfhbkt,bcfsdbc 'dtkfpt lfvf[fcbfst,tkbf jbyehb vbvjwdkbc<br />
htfmwbt,b sdbs vfhbkt,sfy= ae.tt,sfy lf v;fdt,sfy\ tc vbvjwdkbc<br />
htfmwbt,b ,jkjvlt vblbc bv itvs[dtdfib= hjwf htfmwbbc<br />
ths-thsb ghjlemnb ufvjb'jaf yfktmbc= fbhflb ybdsbtht,bc<br />
fy vwbhtl lbcjwbht,flb ybdsbtht,bc cf[bs\<br />
3<br />
2<br />
2<br />
2<br />
2<br />
4<br />
1\ vfhbkb lf v;fdf|<br />
BaCl2 � H2SO4<br />
� BaSO4<br />
� �2HCl<br />
Na2CO3<br />
� 2HCl<br />
� 2NaCl�<br />
H2O<br />
� CO2<br />
�<br />
2\ vfhbkb lf nent|<br />
CuCl2<br />
� 2KOH�<br />
2KCl�<br />
Cu(<br />
OH)<br />
2 �<br />
FeCl3<br />
� 3NaOH�<br />
3NaCl�<br />
Fe(<br />
OH)<br />
3 �<br />
3\ vfhbkb lf vfhbkb|<br />
AgNO � NaCl�<br />
AgCl�<br />
�NaNO<br />
36 37<br />
3<br />
CaCl2 2 3<br />
3<br />
� Na CO �CaCO<br />
� �2NaCl<br />
4\ vfhbkb itlbfc htfmwbt,ib kbsjysfy\ cnfylfhnekb tktmnhjlekb<br />
gjntywbfkt,bc hbuib 'jdtkb obyfvlujvb kbsjyb f.tdt,c<br />
itvlujvc vfhbksf [cyfht,blfy\<br />
Zn � Hg(<br />
NO3<br />
) 2 � Zn(<br />
NO3<br />
) 2 � Hg<br />
Fe � CuSO 4 � FeSO4<br />
� Cu<br />
5\ vfhbkt,b uf[eht,bs bikt,f|<br />
CaCO �CaO<br />
� CO<br />
3<br />
2Pb( NO ) � 2PbO<br />
� 4NO<br />
� O<br />
3<br />
2<br />
6\ vfhbkt,b ehsbthsmvtlt,ty o'fksfy lf ofhvjmvybfy rhbcnfk]blhfnt,c|<br />
CuSO4 � 5H2O<br />
�CuSO<br />
4 �5H<br />
2<br />
if, bfvfyb<br />
CaSO4 �<br />
2H2O<br />
� CaSO4<br />
� 2H2<br />
sf, fibhb<br />
2<br />
2<br />
O<br />
O<br />
2<br />
3
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