zogadi da araorganuli qimia
zogadi da araorganuli qimia
zogadi da araorganuli qimia
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A<br />
Э =<br />
v<br />
trdbdfktynbc wyt,fc fmdc lblb vybidytkj,f= hfvltyflfw vbcb<br />
cfiefkt,bs ajhvekbhlt,f mbvbbc ths-thsb .bhbsflb rfyjyb<br />
_ trdbdfktynt,bc rfyjyb| mbvbehb tktvtynt,b thsvfytsc ethslt,f<br />
vrfwhfl ufycfpqdhekb ojybsb hfjltyj,t,bs= fye trdbdfktynehb<br />
hfjltyj,bs= fye vjhtfubht ybdsbtht,fsf vfct,b bct<br />
ittafhlt,f thsvfytsc= hjujhw vfsb trdbdfktynt,b _<br />
m : m = Э : Э 1 2 1 2<br />
v;fdfc trdbdfktynehb vfcf njkbf v;fdfc vjktrekehb vfcbc<br />
itafhlt,bc vbc ae.bfyj,fpt\ vfufkbsfl=<br />
Э (H 2 SO 4 ) =<br />
M 2 4 �<br />
( H SO ) 98<br />
�<br />
2 2<br />
M(<br />
HCl)<br />
36,<br />
5<br />
Э (HCl) = � � 36,<br />
5<br />
1 1<br />
ae.bc trdbdfktynehb vfcf njkbf ae.bc vjktrekehb vfcbc<br />
itafhlt,bc vbc vjktrekfib itvfdfk OH /ueat,bc hbw[dpt=<br />
fye= hfw bubdtf= kbsjybc ;fyudbs [fhbc[pt\ vfufkbsfl=<br />
40<br />
Э (NaOH) = � 40<br />
1<br />
74<br />
Э (Ca(OH) ) = � 37<br />
2 2<br />
vfhbkbc trdbdfktynb njkbf vfhbkbc vjktrekehb vfcbc<br />
itafhlt,bc kbsjysf fnjvt,bc hbw[dbcf lf dfktynj,bc yfvhfdkpt\<br />
vfufkbsfl=<br />
57, 5<br />
Э (NaCl) = � 57,<br />
5<br />
1�1<br />
142<br />
Э (Na SO ) = � 71<br />
2 4 1�<br />
2<br />
49<br />
fdjuflhjc rfyjyb<br />
fbht,c ijhbc vbvlbyfht htfmwbt,bc itcofdkbcfc utb-kecfrvf<br />
fqvjfxbyf vjwekj,fsf sfyfafhlj,bc rfyjyb= hjvkbc sfyf[vfl<br />
_ htfmwbfib vjyfobkt fbht,bc vjwekj,t,b bct ittafhlt,f<br />
thsvfytsc lf htfmwbbc itltufl vbqt,ek fbhfl ybdsbtht,fsf<br />
vjwekj,t,c= hjujhw vfhnbdb vstkb hbw[dt,b\<br />
fv rfyjybc fcf[cytkfl bnfkbtkvf vtwybthvf fdjuflhjv 1811<br />
otkc ufvjsmdf ]bgjstpf= hjvtkbw itvltuib lflfcnehlf wlbc<br />
vjyfwtvt,bs= [jkj rfyjyc fdjuflhjc rfyjyb tojlf| c[dflfc[df<br />
fbht,bc njkb vjwekj,t,b thsyfbh abpbreh gbhj,t,ib vjktrekt,bc<br />
njk hbw[dc itbwfdc\<br />
hfvltyflfw yt,bcvbthb ybdsbtht,bc 1 vjkb itbwfdc vjktrekt,bc<br />
lf fnjvt,bc thscf lf bvfdt hbw[dc= rth.jl= N = 6=02 \ 10 23<br />
(fdjuflhjc hbw[db)= fvbnjv fbht,bc 1 vjkbc vbth lfrfdt,ekb<br />
vjwekj,t,b (v) thsyfbh abpbreh gbhj,t,ib njkbf lf yjhvfkehb<br />
gbhj,t,bc lhjc (P 0 = 760 vv dthw[kbco'kbc cdtnbc 1 fnv =<br />
= 101=325 rgf lf t = 0 0 C, T 0 = 273,160 K) njkbf 22=4 kbnhbcf=<br />
hjvtkcfw vjkeh vjwekj,fc eojlt,ty\<br />
fdjuflhjc rfyjyblfy ufvjvlbyfhtj,c fuhtsdt= hjv thsyfbhb<br />
vjwekj,bc vmjyt c[dflfc[df fbhbc vfct,b bct ittafhlt,f thsvfytsc=<br />
hjujhw vfsb vjktrekehb vfct,b\<br />
m 1 : m 2 = M 1 : M 2<br />
ufycfpqdhekb vjwekj,bc thsb fbhbc vfcbc itafhlt,fc<br />
bvfdt vjwekj,bc vtjht fbhbc vfcfcsfy (fqt,ekbf bvfdt gbhj,t,ib)<br />
tojlt,f gbhdtkb fbhbc cbvrdhbdt vtjhbc vbvfhs (fqbybiyt,f<br />
D fcjsb)\ fvbnjv=<br />
10 11<br />
M<br />
M<br />
1<br />
2<br />
D � cfblfyfw M = M . D<br />
1 2<br />
fmtlfy ufvjvlbyfhtj,c= hjv fbhbc vjktrekehb vfcf elhbc<br />
vbc cbvrdhbdtc vtjht fbhbc vbvfhs= ufvhfdkt,ekc fvfdt fbhbc<br />
vjktrekeh vfcfpt\
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