zogadi da araorganuli qimia
zogadi da araorganuli qimia
zogadi da araorganuli qimia
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ajhv;fdf+ H 2 SiO 3 _ vtnfcbkbwbevv;fdf lf H 4 SiO 4 _ jhsjcbkbwbevv;fdf\<br />
se thsb lf bubdt tktvtynb ofhvjmvybc jh v;fdfc c[dflfc[df<br />
;fyudbsb [fhbc[bs= vfiby bv v;fdfc= hjvtkibw v;fdfc ofhvjvmvytkb<br />
tktvtynbc ;fyudbsb [fhbc[b lf,fkbf= tktvtynbc cf[tkojlt,fc<br />
tvfnt,f ceabmcb @jdfyb#= [jkj bv v;fdfc= cflfw tktvtynbc<br />
;fyudbsb [fhbc[b vfqfkbf= tktvtynbc cf[tkojlt,fc tvfnt-<br />
,f cbn'df v;fdf\ vfu\|<br />
3<br />
HN O<br />
�<br />
2<br />
4<br />
2 3 O S<br />
�<br />
H<br />
_ fpjnjdfyb v;fdf=<br />
_ ujubhljdfyb v;fdf=<br />
5<br />
HN O<br />
�<br />
3<br />
6<br />
2 4 O S<br />
�<br />
H<br />
_ fpjnv;fdf\<br />
v;fdt,bc vbqt,bc [th[t,b<br />
_ ujubhlv;fdf\<br />
e;fyu,flj v;fdt,b vbbqt,f|<br />
1\ itcf,fvbcb vfhnbdb ybdsbtht,t,bc eiefkj itthst,bs= fye<br />
cbystpbs= lf vbqt,ekb ghjlemnbc o'fkib uf[cybs|<br />
H2 � Cl2<br />
� 2HCl<br />
H2 S H 2S<br />
� �<br />
2\ itcf,fvbc vfhbkpt .kbthb fy yfrkt,fl fmhjkflb v;fdfc<br />
vjmvtlt,bs|<br />
2NaCl � H2SO<br />
4 � Na2SO<br />
4 � 2HCl<br />
2HCl<br />
FeCl H S<br />
� �<br />
FeS 2 2 �<br />
;fyu,flbfyb v;fdt,b vbbqt,f|<br />
1\ itcf,fvbcb jmcblbc= fye itcf,fvbcb fy]blhblbc= o'fksfy<br />
ehsbthsmvtlt,bs|<br />
N2O 5 � H2O<br />
� 2HNO3<br />
SO � H O � H SO<br />
3<br />
2<br />
2<br />
4<br />
2\ itcf,fvbc vfhbkpt .kbthb fy yfrkt,fl fmhjkflb v;fdfc<br />
vjmvtlt,bs|<br />
NaNO3 � H2SO4<br />
� NaHSO4<br />
� HNO3<br />
Na SiO � 2HCl<br />
� 2NaCl<br />
� H SiO<br />
26 27<br />
2<br />
3<br />
v;fdt,bc mbvbehb sdbct,t,b<br />
1\ v;fdt,b ehsbthsmvtlt,c kbsjyt,sfy\ kbsjyt,bc cnfylfhnek<br />
tktmnhjlek gjntywbfksf hbuib o'fk,flbc vfhw[ybd vjsfdct,ekb<br />
kbsjyt,b ufypfdt,ekb v;fdt,blfy (ufhlf HNO -cf) 3<br />
f.tdt,c o'fk,flc\ vfu\|<br />
� � 2 � 2 � H ZnCl Zn HCl 2<br />
H2SO4<br />
� Mg � MgSO4<br />
� H2<br />
�<br />
fv htfmwbfib o'fk,flbc bjyt,b fqlut,f lf lfv;fyufdt,bf\ v;fdt,blfy<br />
o'fk,flc dth f.tdt,c cnfylfhnekb tktmnhjlekb gjntywbfkt,bc<br />
hbuib o'fk,flbc vfh/dybd vlujvb kbsjyb\ o'fk,flb<br />
fh ufvjb'jaf kbsjyt,bc ufypfdt,ek lf rjywtynhbht,ek fpjnv;fdfcsfy<br />
lf rjywtynhbht,ek ujubhlv;fdfcsfy ehsbthsmvtlt-<br />
,bc lhjcfw\ fv itvs[dtdfib fqlut,f fpjnb N+ 5 lf ujubhlb S+ 6 .<br />
Cu � 4HNO3<br />
� Cu(<br />
NO3<br />
) 2 � 2NO2<br />
� 2H2O<br />
rjyw\<br />
3Cu � 8HNO3<br />
� 3Cu(<br />
NO3<br />
) 2 � 2NO<br />
� 4H2O<br />
ufyp\<br />
Cu � 2H2SO<br />
4 � CuSO 4 � SO2<br />
� 2H<br />
2O<br />
rjyw\<br />
Ca � 4H2SO<br />
4 � 3CaSO4<br />
� S � 4H2O<br />
rjyw\<br />
2\ v;fdt,b ehsbthsmvtlt,c kbsjysf jmcblt,sfy= hbc itltuflfw<br />
ofhvjbmvyt,f vfhbkb lf o'fkb|<br />
2HNO3 � MgO � Mg(<br />
NO3<br />
) 2 � H2O<br />
H SO �<br />
2Fe<br />
O � Fe ( SO ) � 3H<br />
O<br />
3 2 4 2 3 2 4 3 2<br />
2<br />
3
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