zogadi da araorganuli qimia
zogadi da araorganuli qimia
zogadi da araorganuli qimia
Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
afhlj,bsb fnjvehb lf vjktrekehb vfcf<br />
vjktrekt,bcf lf fnjvt,bcfsdbc lfvf[fcbfst,tkbf pjvf lf<br />
vfcf\ fnjvsf vfct,bc f,cjkenehb vybidytkj,t,b .fkbfy vwbht<br />
cblbltt,bf= vfuhfv rdktdbc sfyfvtlhjdt vtsjlt,b vfsb lblb cbpecnbs<br />
ufycfpqdhbc cfiefkt,fc b.ktdf\ o'fk,flbc fnjvbc vfcf<br />
njkbf 1=674 \ 10 _27 ru+ yf[ibh,flbcf _ 1=993 \ 10 _26 ru\ fctsb hbw[dt,bs<br />
cfhut,kj,f vje[th[t,tkbf= fvbnjv itvjqt,ekbf afhlj,bsb<br />
fnjvehb vfcbc wyt,f (A r )\ tktvtynbc afhlj,bsb fnjvehb vfcf<br />
bpjvt,f yf[ibh,flthstekt,ib lf udbxdtyt,c= se hfvlty/th<br />
vtnbf tktvtynbc fnjvbc vfcf yf[ibh,flbc C 12 bpjnjgbc fnjvbc<br />
vfcbc 1$12 yfobkpt\ vfc ufypjvbkt,f fhf fmdc\<br />
vfufkbsfl=<br />
�26<br />
2,<br />
667 �10<br />
Ar ( O)<br />
� � �26<br />
1/<br />
12 �1,<br />
993 �10<br />
15,<br />
999<br />
afhlj,bsb fnjvehb vfcbc ufvjsdkbcfc v[tldtkj,fib eylf<br />
vbdbqjs fvf se bv tktvtynbc bpjnjgehb itlutybkj,f lf ufvjdsdfkjs<br />
cfiefkj afhlj,bsb fnjvehb vfcf\ tktvtynsf afhlj,bsb<br />
fnjvehb vfcbc vybidytkj,t,b vj'dfybkbf vtyltkttdbc<br />
gthbjlek cbcntvfib\ fnjveh vfcfcsfy f[kjvlujv vstk hbw[dc<br />
vfcehb hbw[db tojlt,f\ bub udbxdtyt,c tktvtynbc fnjvuekib<br />
ghjnjyt,bcf lf ytbnhjyt,bc /fvc\<br />
afhlj,bsb vjktrekehb vfcf (M r ) udbxdtyt,c= hfvlty/th<br />
fqtvfnt,f fvf se bv vjktrekbc vfcf yf[ibh,flbc fnjvbc vfcbc<br />
1$12 yfobkc\ bub ufvjbsdkt,f vjktrekfib itvfdfkb 'dtkf fnjvbc<br />
afhlj,bsb fnjvehb vfct,bc /fvbs\<br />
M r (H 2 O) = 2 . A r (H) + A r (O) = 2 . 1 + 16 = 18<br />
vjkb _ ybdsbtht,bc hfjltyj,bc thstekb<br />
thsteksf cfthsfijhbcj cbcntvfib (SI) ybdsbtht,bc hfjltyj,bc<br />
thstekfl vbqt,ekbf vjkb\<br />
vjkb fhbc ybdsbtht,bc hfjltyj,f= hjvtkbw itbwfdc bvlty<br />
cnhemnehek thstekc (vjktrekf= fnjvb= bjyb= tktmnhjyb<br />
lf c[d\)= hfvlty fnjvcfw itbwfdc C 12 yf[ibh,flbc bpjnjgbc 0=012 ru\<br />
wyj,bkbf= hjv 'dtkf ybdsbtht,bc thsb vjkb itbwfdc vjktrekt,bc<br />
thscf lf bvfdt hbw[dc= rth.jl= 6=02 \ 10 23 (fdjuflhjc hbw[db)\<br />
ybdsbtht,bc vfcfc= fqt,ekc thsb vjkbc hfjltyj,bs=<br />
tojlt,f vjkehb vfcf\<br />
dfktynj,f<br />
mbvbehb ajhvekbc cojhfl lfothbcsdbc fewbkt,tkbf tktvtynsf<br />
dfktynj,bc fy ;fyudbc [fhbc[bc wjlyf\<br />
dfktynj,f tojlt,f vjwtvekb tktvtynbc fnjvsf eyfhc=<br />
vbbthsjc fy xffyfwdkjc c[df tktvtynbc fnjvsf ufycfpqdhekb<br />
hbw[db\<br />
dfktynj,bc thstekfl vbqt,ekbf o'fk,flbc fnjvbc dfktynj,f\<br />
hflufyfw o'fk,flbc ths fnjvc fhf fmdc eyfhb= itbthsjc<br />
c[df tktvtynbc ths fnjvpt vtnb\ fmtlfy ufvjvlbyfhtj,c= hjv<br />
se hjvtkbvt tktvtynbc thsb fnjvb bthst,c o'fk,flbc 1 fnjvc=<br />
vfiby tc tktvtynb bsdkt,f thsdfktynbfyfl+ se bthst,c o'fk-<br />
,flbc 2 fnjvc _ jhdfktynbfyfl+ se bthst,c cfvc _ cfvdfktynbfyfl<br />
lf f\i\ vfu\= HCl-ib mkjhb thsdfktynbfybf= H 2 S-ib ujubhlb<br />
jhdfktynbfyb= NH 3 -ib fpjnb cfvdfktynbfyb= H 2 O-ib lf<br />
'dtkf ;fyu,flyfthsib ;fyu,flb jhdfktynbfybf lf vbcb lf[vfht,bs<br />
itb.kt,f ufydcfpqdhjs c[df tktvtynbc dfktynj,f\<br />
fhct,j,c velvbddfktynbfyb lf wdfkt,fldfktynbfyb tktvtynt,b\<br />
velvbddfktynbfybf= vfufkbsfl= H= Li= Na= K (dfktynj,f<br />
6 7
Change language