zogadi da araorganuli qimia
zogadi da araorganuli qimia
zogadi da araorganuli qimia
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yf[ibh,flbc (^^) jmcblb _ CO v[esfdb fbhbf\ vbbqt,f<br />
yf[ibh,flbc fhfchekb odbc itltufl|<br />
2C + O 2 ��2CO<br />
CO-c vbqt,f itb.kt,f yf[ibhbcf lf CO 2 -bc ehsbthsmvtlt,bcfc<br />
vfqfk ntvgthfnehfpt|<br />
CO 2 + C ��2CO<br />
CO _ ]fthpt vce,emb= eathj= eceyj fbhbf\ o'fkib evybidytkjl<br />
b[cyt,f\ ;fyu,flbc fhtib (]fthib) bodbc keh/b fkbs|<br />
2CO + O 2 ��2CO 2 + 2 . 282,4 r/<br />
lfodbcfc ufvjb'jaf cbs,jc lblb hfjltyj,f= fvbnjv ufvjb-<br />
'tyt,f= hjujhw rfhub cfodfdb\<br />
CO rfhub fqvlutybf lf tc sdbct,f ufvjb'tyt,f vtnfkehubfib|<br />
Fe 3 O 4 + 4CO �� 3Fe + 4CO 2<br />
CO vfhbkfhofhvjvmvytkb jmcblbf\ vbe[tlfdfl fvbcf= bub<br />
b[cyt,f yfnhbevbc nentib|<br />
CO + NaOH �� HCOONa<br />
itltufl vbbqt,f zbfyzdtkfv;fdfc vfhbkb _ yfnhbevbc ajhvbfnb\<br />
CO vfqfk ntvgthfnehfpt ethslt,f pjubths kbsjyc lf<br />
vbbqt,f kbsjysf rfh,jybkt,b| Ni(CO) 4 ; Fe(CO) 5 lf c[df\<br />
CO 500 0 C-pt ethslt,f mkjhc lf vbbqt,f ajcutyb\<br />
CO + Cl 2 �� COCl 2<br />
ajcutyb v[esfdb= .kbthvjvofvdktkb= eathj fbhbf\ gbhdtk<br />
vcjakbj jvbc lhjc bc b'j gbhdtkb mbvbehb bfhfqb= hjvtkbw<br />
uthvfybfv ufvjb'tyf\<br />
yf[ibh,flbc (^^) jmcblb fhbc .bhbsflb itvflutytkb yfobkb<br />
utythfnjhbc lf o'fkufpbc\ utythfnjhbc ufpb vbbqt,f yf[ibhbc<br />
fy rjmcbc fhfchekb odbc lhjc\ vbcb itvflutykj,f (vjwekj,bsb<br />
ghjwtynb) fhbc _ 25% CO+ 70% N 2 ; 4% CO 2 \ 1v 3 \ fctsb fbhbc<br />
lfodbcfc ufvjb'jaf 33 000_40 000 r/ cbs,j\<br />
o'fkufpb vbbqt,f ufdfhdfht,ekb rjmcbc atyfib o'kbc jhsmkbc<br />
ufnfht,bs|<br />
C + H 2 O �� CO + H 2<br />
o'fkufpb lf utythfnjhbc ufpb rfhub cfodfdbf\<br />
yf[ibh,flbc (^&) jmcblb _ CO 2 \ yf[ibh,flbc chekb<br />
odbcfc ufvjb'jaf yf[ibhjh;fyub|<br />
C + O 2 ��CO 2<br />
bub ]fthpt 1=5-/th v.bvtf\ cohfab fjhsmkt,bcfc b'byt,f lf<br />
vbbqt,f @vihfkb 'byekb#\ v'fhb CO 2 ufkqj,bc ufhtit fldbkfl<br />
uflflbc fbhfl vlujvfhtj,fib\ o'fkib rfhufl b[cyt,f= fmdc<br />
cfcbfvjdyj utvj= fvbnjvfw afhsjl ufvjb'tyt,f ufvfuhbkt,tkb<br />
cfcvtkt,bc ofhvjt,fib\<br />
CO 2 yf[ibhv;fdfc fy]blhblbf\ b[cyt,f nentt,ib lf vbbqt,f<br />
rfh,jyfnt,b lf ]blhjrfh,jyfnt,b|<br />
CO 2 + 2NaOH<br />
� Na 2CO<br />
3 + H 2O<br />
CO + NaOH �<br />
136 137<br />
2<br />
rfh, jyfnb<br />
NaHCO<br />
3<br />
]blhjrfh, jyfnb<br />
ntmybrehb vbpyt,bcfsdbc CO 2 -c qt,ekj,ty rbhmdbc fy ljkjvbnbc<br />
ufvjodbs|<br />
CaCO 3 ��CaO + CO 2<br />
kf,jhfnjhbek gbhj,t,ib vbbqt,f rbgbc fgfhfnib= vfhvfhbkjc<br />
yfnt[pt vfhbkv;fdfc vjmvtlt,bs<br />
CaCO<br />
3<br />
+ 2HCl<br />
�<br />
CaCl<br />
2<br />
� H 2O<br />
+ H2CO<br />
3<br />
� CO<br />
fy yfnhbevbc ]blhjrfh,jyfnbc uf[eht,bs|<br />
2NaHCO 3 �� Na 2 CO 3 + CO 2 + H 2 O<br />
CO 2 -bc o'fkib uf[cybs vbbqt,f cecnb= fhfvluhflb yf[ibhv;fdf\<br />
CO 2 + H 2 O �� H 2 CO 3<br />
yf[ibhv;fdf cecnb= jhae.bfyb v;fdff\ lbcjwbhlt,f jh cfat-<br />
[ehfl|<br />
2
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