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44 Theory of Literature blurred by nationalistic sentiment and racial theories. To isolate the exact contributions of English literature to general literature, a fascinating problem, might lead to a shift of perspective and an altered evaluation, even of the major figures. Within each national literature there arise similar problems of the exact shares of regions and cities. Such an exaggerated theory as that of Josef Nadler, 18 who professes to be able to discern the traits and characteristics of each German tribe and region and its reflections in literature, should not deter us from the considera- tion of these problems, rarely investigated with any command of facts and any coherent method. Much that has been written on the role of New England, the Middle West, and the South in the history of American literature, and most of the writings on regionalism, amounts to no more than the expression of pious hopes, local pride, and resentment of centralizing powers. Any objective analysis will have to distinguish questions concerning the racial descent of authors and sociological questions concerning provenience and setting from questions concerning the actual influence of the landscape and questions of literary tradition and fashion. Problems of "nationality" become especially complicated if we have to decide that literatures in the same language are dis- tinct national literatures, as American and modern Irish assuredly are. Such a question as why Goldsmith, Sterne, and Sheridan do not belong to Irish literature, while Yeats and Joyce do, needs an answer. Are there independent Belgian, Swiss, and Austrian literatures? It is not very easy to determine the point at which literature written in America ceased to be "colonial English" and became an independent national literature. Is it the mere fact of political independence? Is it the national con- sciousness of the authors themselves? Is it the use of national subject matter and "local color"? Or is it the rise of a definite national literary style? Only when we have reached decisions on these problems shall we be able to write histories of national literature which are not simply geographical or linguistic categories, shall we be able to analyze the exact way in which each national literature enters into European tradition. Universal and national literatures im- plicate each other. A pervading European convention is modified
Generaly Comparative, and National Literature 45 in each country: there are also centers of radiation in the individ- ual countries, and eccentric and individually great figures who set off one national tradition from the other. To be able to describe the exact share of the one and the other would amount to knowing much that is worth knowing in the whole of literary history.
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Theory of Literature
Page 7 and 8: THEORY OF LITERATURE By RENE WELLEK
Page 9 and 10: Preface The naming of this book has
Page 11: Prejace vii Warren for their readin
Page 14 and 15: x Contents XIV. Style and Stylistic
Page 17 and 18: CHAPTER I Literature and Literary S
Page 19 and 20: Literature and Literary Study 5 We
Page 21 and 22: Literature and Literary Study 7 emp
Page 23 and 24: CHAPTER II The Nature of "Literatur
Page 25 and 26: The Nature of Literature 1 of disco
Page 27 and 28: The Nature of Literature 1 element
Page 29 and 30: The Nature of Literature 1 stress o
Page 31 and 32: The Nature of Literature I J one si
Page 33 and 34: CHAPTER III The Function of Literat
Page 35 and 36: The Function of Literature 2 or "in
Page 37 and 38: The Function of Literature 23 there
Page 39 and 40: The Function of Literature 25 a "li
Page 41 and 42: The Function of Literature 27 gion,
Page 43 and 44: CHAPTER IV Literary Theory, Critici
Page 45 and 46: Literary Theory, Critic'ism y and H
Page 47 and 48: Literary Theory } Criticism, and Hi
Page 49 and 50: Literary Theory , Criticism, and Hi
Page 51 and 52: Literary Theory, Criticism, and His
Page 53 and 54: General, Comfarative } and National
Page 55 and 56: General, Comfarativey and National
Page 57: General, Comfarative y and National
Page 63 and 64: CHAPTER VI The Ordering- and Establ
Page 65 and 66: The Ordering and Establishing of Ev
Page 77: Ill The Extrinsic Approach to the S
Page 80 and 81: 66 Theory of Literature social, and
Page 82 and 83: 68 Theory of Literature problems of
Page 84 and 85: 70 Theory of Literature chronology
Page 86 and 87: 72 Theory of Literature arranged an
Page 88 and 89: 74 Theory of Literature ever, it se
Page 90 and 91: 7 6 Theory of Literature view that
Page 92 and 93: 78 Theory of Literature specificall
Page 94 and 95: 80 Theory of Literature ception, wh
Page 96 and 97: 82 Theory of Literature vernal. Dr.
Page 98 and 99: 84 Theory of Literature guage, or r
Page 100 and 101: 86 Theory of Literature nate the cr
Page 102 and 103: 88 Theory oj Literature Bloom is li
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Page 106 and 107: 92 Theory of Literature vious examp
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94 Theory of Literature kings like
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^6 Theory of Literature of the arts
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98 Theory of Literature changed Nor
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1 00 Theory of Literature say—not
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102 Theory of Literature tory, or t
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1 04 Theory of Literature humanity,
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1 06 Theory of Literature cannot be
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io8 Theory oj Literature natural be
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no Theory of Literature Stoicism. W
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112 Theory of Literature even, as i
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114 Theory of Literature French Rel
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1 1 6 Theory of Literature Morike,
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1 1 8 Theory of Literature forget t
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120 Theory of Literature Romantic m
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122 Theory of Literature characters
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CHAPTER XI Literature and the Other
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126 Theory of Literature paintings.
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128 Theory of Literature precepts a
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130 Theory of Literature well as st
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132 Theory of Literature selves the
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134 Theory of Literature Wolfflin's
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IV The Intrinsic Study of Literatur
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140 Theory of Literature nizes that
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142 Theory of Literature the groove
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144 Theory of Literature ing of the
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146 Theory of Literature poem is th
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148 Theory of Literature The poem,
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150 Theory of Literature jective ex
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152 Theory of Literature But this i
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154 Theory of Literature in a way w
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156 Theory of Literature because it
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158 Theory of Literature but does n
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160 Theory of Literature reader. In
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1 62 Theory of Literature can be di
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164 Theory of Literature the import
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1 66 Theory of Literature pletely u
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1 68 Theory of Literature strange e
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170 Theory of Literature adequate i
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172 A line like Theory of Literatur
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174 Theory of Literature pulse, so
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176 Theory of Literature clause. 48
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178 Theory of Literature stant good
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180 Theory of Literature as a docum
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1 82 Theory of Literature sociated
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184 Theory of Literature its lingui
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1 86 Theory of Literature stylistic
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1 88 Theory of Literature start wit
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CHAPTER XV Image, Metaphor, Symbol,
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192 • Theory of Literature "image
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194 Theory of Literature and persis
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196 Theory 0} Literature wider sens
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198 Theory of Literature ficially.
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200 Theory of Literature Devotional
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202 Theory of Literature bold and "
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204 Theory of Literature expression
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206 Theory of Literature of imagina
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208 Theory of Literature Samuel Dan
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210 Theory of Literature and sensuo
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212 Theory of Literature they run c
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214 Theory of Literature constantly
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216 Theory of Literature expresses
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2 1 8 Theory of Literature Like met
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220 Theory of Literature manent sug
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222 Theory of Literature cific sexu
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224 Theory of Literature reproducti
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226 Theory of Literature narrative
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228 Theory of Literature There is o
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230 Theory of Literature Hardy's Eg
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232 Theory of Literature management
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234 Theory of Literature makes it t
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236 Theory of Literature experience
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238 Theory of Literature singular,
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240 Theory of Literature Neo-Classi
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242 Theory of Literature literary p
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244 Theory of Literature "rules" ar
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— 246 Theory of Literature them i
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CHAPTER XVIII Evaluation It is conv
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250 Theory of Literature plicated d
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252 Theory of Literature greatness
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254 Theory of Literature gradually.
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256 Theory of Literature harmonies,
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258 Theory of Literature classics w
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260 Theory of Literature liamson 26
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262 Theory of Literature (which in
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264 Theory of Literature literature
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266 Theory of Literature one could
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268 Theory of Literature birth of t
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270 Theory of Literature but studyi
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272 Theory of Literature trace its
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274 Theory of Literature intuitivel
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276 Theory of Literature scholarshi
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278 Theory of Literature which expa
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280 Theory of Literature simply the
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282 Theory of Literature gaps in th
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CHAPTER XX The Study of Literature
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The Study of Literature in the Grad
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The Study of Literature In the Grad
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Notes CHAPTER I Literature and Lite
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ff. 16-25] Notes 301 7. Theodor A.
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ff. 32-39] Notes 303 6. E.g., in Li
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ff. 42-50] Notes 305 16. Jan Machal
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ft- 53S9] Notes 307 1942, pp. 129-5
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pp. 6i-*J3\ Notes 309 ticity of Hro
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ff. 78-80] Notes 311 fiir Asthetik,
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ff. 86-92] Notes 313 22. Cf. James
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ff. 97-102] Notes 315 Rose F. Egan,
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pp. 104-108] Notes 317 and the Rise
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ff. 1 1 3-1 1 6] Notes 319 fiir Lit
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pp. 125-132] Notes 321 8. W. G. How
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fp. 140-157] Notes 323 8. The writi
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ff. 164-168] Notes 325 allgemeine L
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ft- I 73- I 8°] Notes 327 44. Jan
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fp. 187-190] Notes 329 Geiste neuer
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ff. ig^-igg~\ Notes 331 the metapho
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ff. 208-211] Notes 333 tenor and th
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pp. 216-225] Notes 335 and choice o
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ff. 228-235} Notes 337 20. Dibelius
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ff. 238-243] Notes 339 14. On the o
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pp. 249-253] Notes 341 mining what
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ff. 260-264] Notes 343 26. "Dr. Joh
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ft- 2 73~2 ^ 1 ] Notes 345 lection
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Bibliography CHAPTER I Literature a
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Bibliografhy 349 Ingarden, Roman, D
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Bibliography 351 chapter v National
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II. BIBLIOGRAPHY Bibliography 353 G
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Bibliografhy 355 CHAPTER VIII Liter
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Bibliography 357 Vaughan, Wayland F
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Bibliography 359 CHAPTER IX Literat
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Bibliography 361 Lifshitz, Mikhail,
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Bibliografhy 363 Read, Herbert, "Pa
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Bibliography 365 Vachek, Josef, "Se
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Bibliografhy 367 Chapin, Elsa, and
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Bibliography 369 Eikhenbaum, Boris,
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Raleigh, Sir Walter, Style, London,
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Bibliography 373 V. STYLISTICS OF I
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Bibliography 375 Hinks, Roger, Myth
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Bibltografhy 377 Lukacs, Georg, Die
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Bibliografhy 379 Petsch, Robert, We
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Bibliography 381 Fife, R. H., "The
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Bibliografhy 383 Kautzsch, Rudolf,
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Btbliografthy 385 Schultz, Franz, D
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Bibliografhy 387 Ransom, John Crowe
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39° Bennett, Arnold, 99 Bentley, E
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392 Dahlke, H. Otto, 316 Dallas, E.
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394 Grattan, J. H., 306 Gray, Thoma
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396 Kohler, Wolfgang, 164, 324. Kon
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398 National Spirit, 29 Natural Sci
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400 Rosenberg', Harold, 334 Rosenbl
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402 Taine, Hippolyte, 101, 264, 293
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Date Due Due Returned Due Returned
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