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COPYRIGHT, 1942, 1947, 1949, BY HARCOURT, BRACE AND COMPANY, INC. All rights reserved, including the right to reproduce this book or portions thereof in any form. PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Preface The naming of this book has been more than ordinarily difficult. Even a proper "short title," "Theory of Literature and Methodology of Literary Study," would be too cumbersome. Before the nineteenth century one might have managed, for then a full, analytic title could have covered the title-page while the spine bore the inscription "Literature." We have written a book which, so far as we know, lacks any close parallel. It is not a textbook introducing the young to the elements of literary appreciation nor (like Morize's Aims and Methods) a survey of the techniques employed in scholarly research. Some continuity it may claim with Poetics and Rhetoric (from Aristotle down through Blair, Campbell, and Karnes), systematic treatments of the genres of belles-lettres and stylistics, or with books called Principles of Literary Criticism. But we have sought to unite "poetics" (or literary theory) and "criticism" (evaluation of literature) with "scholarship" ("research") and "literary history" (the "dynamics" of literature, in contrast to the "statics" of theory and criticism). It comes nearer to certain German and Russian works, Walzel's Gehalt und Gestalt, or Julius Petersen's Die Wissenschajt von der Dichtungy or Tomashevsky's Literary Theory. In contrast to the Germans, however, we have avoided mere reproductions of the views of others and, though we take into account other perspec- tives and methods, have written from a consistent point of view; in contrast to Tomashevsky, we do not undertake to give elementary instruction on such topics as prosody. We are not eclectic like the Germans or doctrinaire like the Russian. By the standards of older American scholarship, there is something grandiose and even "unscholarly" about the very attempt to formulate the assumptions on which literary study is con- ducted (to do which one must go beyond "facts") and something presumptuous in our effort to survey and evaluate highly special- ized investigations. Every specialist will unavoidably be dissatis-
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Page 5 and 6: Theory of Literature
Page 7: THEORY OF LITERATURE By RENE WELLEK
Page 11: Prejace vii Warren for their readin
Page 14 and 15: x Contents XIV. Style and Stylistic
Page 17 and 18: CHAPTER I Literature and Literary S
Page 19 and 20: Literature and Literary Study 5 We
Page 21 and 22: Literature and Literary Study 7 emp
Page 23 and 24: CHAPTER II The Nature of "Literatur
Page 25 and 26: The Nature of Literature 1 of disco
Page 27 and 28: The Nature of Literature 1 element
Page 29 and 30: The Nature of Literature 1 stress o
Page 31 and 32: The Nature of Literature I J one si
Page 33 and 34: CHAPTER III The Function of Literat
Page 35 and 36: The Function of Literature 2 or "in
Page 37 and 38: The Function of Literature 23 there
Page 39 and 40: The Function of Literature 25 a "li
Page 41 and 42: The Function of Literature 27 gion,
Page 43 and 44: CHAPTER IV Literary Theory, Critici
Page 45 and 46: Literary Theory, Critic'ism y and H
Page 47 and 48: Literary Theory } Criticism, and Hi
Page 49 and 50: Literary Theory , Criticism, and Hi
Page 51 and 52: Literary Theory, Criticism, and His
Page 53 and 54: General, Comfarative } and National
Page 55 and 56: General, Comfarativey and National
Page 57 and 58: General, Comfarative y and National
Page 59:
Generaly Comparative, and National
Page 63 and 64:
CHAPTER VI The Ordering- and Establ
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The Ordering and Establishing of Ev
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Page 69 and 70:
Page 71 and 72:
Page 73 and 74:
Page 75 and 76:
Page 77:
Ill The Extrinsic Approach to the S
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66 Theory of Literature social, and
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68 Theory of Literature problems of
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70 Theory of Literature chronology
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72 Theory of Literature arranged an
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74 Theory of Literature ever, it se
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7 6 Theory of Literature view that
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78 Theory of Literature specificall
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80 Theory of Literature ception, wh
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82 Theory of Literature vernal. Dr.
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84 Theory of Literature guage, or r
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86 Theory of Literature nate the cr
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88 Theory oj Literature Bloom is li
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90 Theory of Literature also have t
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92 Theory of Literature vious examp
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94 Theory of Literature kings like
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^6 Theory of Literature of the arts
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98 Theory of Literature changed Nor
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1 00 Theory of Literature say—not
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102 Theory of Literature tory, or t
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1 04 Theory of Literature humanity,
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1 06 Theory of Literature cannot be
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io8 Theory oj Literature natural be
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no Theory of Literature Stoicism. W
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112 Theory of Literature even, as i
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114 Theory of Literature French Rel
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1 1 6 Theory of Literature Morike,
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1 1 8 Theory of Literature forget t
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120 Theory of Literature Romantic m
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122 Theory of Literature characters
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CHAPTER XI Literature and the Other
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126 Theory of Literature paintings.
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128 Theory of Literature precepts a
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130 Theory of Literature well as st
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132 Theory of Literature selves the
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134 Theory of Literature Wolfflin's
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IV The Intrinsic Study of Literatur
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140 Theory of Literature nizes that
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142 Theory of Literature the groove
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144 Theory of Literature ing of the
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146 Theory of Literature poem is th
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148 Theory of Literature The poem,
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150 Theory of Literature jective ex
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152 Theory of Literature But this i
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154 Theory of Literature in a way w
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156 Theory of Literature because it
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158 Theory of Literature but does n
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160 Theory of Literature reader. In
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1 62 Theory of Literature can be di
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164 Theory of Literature the import
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1 66 Theory of Literature pletely u
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1 68 Theory of Literature strange e
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170 Theory of Literature adequate i
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172 A line like Theory of Literatur
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174 Theory of Literature pulse, so
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176 Theory of Literature clause. 48
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178 Theory of Literature stant good
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180 Theory of Literature as a docum
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1 82 Theory of Literature sociated
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184 Theory of Literature its lingui
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1 86 Theory of Literature stylistic
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1 88 Theory of Literature start wit
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CHAPTER XV Image, Metaphor, Symbol,
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192 • Theory of Literature "image
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194 Theory of Literature and persis
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196 Theory 0} Literature wider sens
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198 Theory of Literature ficially.
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200 Theory of Literature Devotional
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202 Theory of Literature bold and "
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204 Theory of Literature expression
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206 Theory of Literature of imagina
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208 Theory of Literature Samuel Dan
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210 Theory of Literature and sensuo
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212 Theory of Literature they run c
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214 Theory of Literature constantly
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216 Theory of Literature expresses
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2 1 8 Theory of Literature Like met
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220 Theory of Literature manent sug
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222 Theory of Literature cific sexu
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224 Theory of Literature reproducti
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226 Theory of Literature narrative
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228 Theory of Literature There is o
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230 Theory of Literature Hardy's Eg
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232 Theory of Literature management
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234 Theory of Literature makes it t
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236 Theory of Literature experience
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238 Theory of Literature singular,
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240 Theory of Literature Neo-Classi
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242 Theory of Literature literary p
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244 Theory of Literature "rules" ar
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— 246 Theory of Literature them i
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CHAPTER XVIII Evaluation It is conv
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250 Theory of Literature plicated d
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252 Theory of Literature greatness
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254 Theory of Literature gradually.
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256 Theory of Literature harmonies,
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258 Theory of Literature classics w
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260 Theory of Literature liamson 26
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262 Theory of Literature (which in
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264 Theory of Literature literature
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266 Theory of Literature one could
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268 Theory of Literature birth of t
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270 Theory of Literature but studyi
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272 Theory of Literature trace its
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274 Theory of Literature intuitivel
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276 Theory of Literature scholarshi
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278 Theory of Literature which expa
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280 Theory of Literature simply the
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282 Theory of Literature gaps in th
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CHAPTER XX The Study of Literature
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The Study of Literature in the Grad
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Page 305 and 306:
The Study of Literature In the Grad
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Page 309 and 310:
Page 311 and 312:
Page 313 and 314:
Notes CHAPTER I Literature and Lite
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ff. 16-25] Notes 301 7. Theodor A.
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ff. 32-39] Notes 303 6. E.g., in Li
Page 319 and 320:
ff. 42-50] Notes 305 16. Jan Machal
Page 321 and 322:
ft- 53S9] Notes 307 1942, pp. 129-5
Page 323 and 324:
pp. 6i-*J3\ Notes 309 ticity of Hro
Page 325 and 326:
ff. 78-80] Notes 311 fiir Asthetik,
Page 327 and 328:
ff. 86-92] Notes 313 22. Cf. James
Page 329 and 330:
ff. 97-102] Notes 315 Rose F. Egan,
Page 331 and 332:
pp. 104-108] Notes 317 and the Rise
Page 333 and 334:
ff. 1 1 3-1 1 6] Notes 319 fiir Lit
Page 335 and 336:
pp. 125-132] Notes 321 8. W. G. How
Page 337 and 338:
fp. 140-157] Notes 323 8. The writi
Page 339 and 340:
ff. 164-168] Notes 325 allgemeine L
Page 341 and 342:
ft- I 73- I 8°] Notes 327 44. Jan
Page 343 and 344:
fp. 187-190] Notes 329 Geiste neuer
Page 345 and 346:
ff. ig^-igg~\ Notes 331 the metapho
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ff. 208-211] Notes 333 tenor and th
Page 349 and 350:
pp. 216-225] Notes 335 and choice o
Page 351 and 352:
ff. 228-235} Notes 337 20. Dibelius
Page 353 and 354:
ff. 238-243] Notes 339 14. On the o
Page 355 and 356:
pp. 249-253] Notes 341 mining what
Page 357 and 358:
ff. 260-264] Notes 343 26. "Dr. Joh
Page 359 and 360:
ft- 2 73~2 ^ 1 ] Notes 345 lection
Page 361 and 362:
Bibliography CHAPTER I Literature a
Page 363 and 364:
Bibliografhy 349 Ingarden, Roman, D
Page 365 and 366:
Bibliography 351 chapter v National
Page 367 and 368:
II. BIBLIOGRAPHY Bibliography 353 G
Page 369 and 370:
Bibliografhy 355 CHAPTER VIII Liter
Page 371 and 372:
Bibliography 357 Vaughan, Wayland F
Page 373 and 374:
Bibliography 359 CHAPTER IX Literat
Page 375 and 376:
Bibliography 361 Lifshitz, Mikhail,
Page 377 and 378:
Bibliografhy 363 Read, Herbert, "Pa
Page 379 and 380:
Bibliography 365 Vachek, Josef, "Se
Page 381 and 382:
Bibliografhy 367 Chapin, Elsa, and
Page 383 and 384:
Bibliography 369 Eikhenbaum, Boris,
Page 385 and 386:
Raleigh, Sir Walter, Style, London,
Page 387 and 388:
Bibliography 373 V. STYLISTICS OF I
Page 389 and 390:
Bibliography 375 Hinks, Roger, Myth
Page 391 and 392:
Bibltografhy 377 Lukacs, Georg, Die
Page 393 and 394:
Bibliografhy 379 Petsch, Robert, We
Page 395 and 396:
Bibliography 381 Fife, R. H., "The
Page 397 and 398:
Bibliografhy 383 Kautzsch, Rudolf,
Page 399 and 400:
Btbliografthy 385 Schultz, Franz, D
Page 401:
Bibliografhy 387 Ransom, John Crowe
Page 404 and 405:
39° Bennett, Arnold, 99 Bentley, E
Page 406 and 407:
392 Dahlke, H. Otto, 316 Dallas, E.
Page 408 and 409:
394 Grattan, J. H., 306 Gray, Thoma
Page 410 and 411:
396 Kohler, Wolfgang, 164, 324. Kon
Page 412 and 413:
398 National Spirit, 29 Natural Sci
Page 414 and 415:
400 Rosenberg', Harold, 334 Rosenbl
Page 416 and 417:
402 Taine, Hippolyte, 101, 264, 293
Page 422 and 423:
Date Due Due Returned Due Returned
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