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autologous blood and marrow transplantation - Blog Science ...

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Late Non-Relapse Mortality After Autologous Stem Cell<br />

Transplantation in Patients with Hodgkin's Disease<br />

Donna E. Reece, Thomas Nevill, Donna Forrest,<br />

Michael Barnett, Stephen Nantel, John Shepherd,<br />

Heather Sutherl<strong>and</strong>, Cindy Toze, Gordon Phillips<br />

Blood <strong>and</strong> Marrow Transplant Program (D.R., G.P.), University of Kentucky,<br />

Lexington, KY; Leukemia/Bone Marrow Transplant Program of British<br />

Columbia, Division of Hematology (T.N., D.F., MB., S.N., J.S., H.S., CI.),<br />

Vancouver Hospital <strong>and</strong> Health <strong>Science</strong>s Center,<br />

British Columbia Cancer Agency <strong>and</strong> the University of<br />

British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada<br />

ABSTRACT<br />

As patients with Hodgkin's disease have been followed for longer periods of<br />

time after <strong>autologous</strong> stem cell <strong>transplantation</strong> (autoSCT), the importance of late<br />

nonrelapse mortality (NRM) is increasingly recognized. The initial 100 Hodgkin's<br />

disease patients treated in Vancouver with regimens containing high-dose<br />

cyclophosphamide, carmustine (BCNU) <strong>and</strong> etoposide (CBV) have now been<br />

followed for a median of 8 years (range 5.8-12.8). The probability of progressionfree<br />

survival is 50% (95% confidence interval [CI] 39-60%). Eight nonrelapse<br />

deaths occurred "early" (day 100) after<br />

autoSCT, for a probability of overall NRM of 19% (95% CI 12-30%). Specific<br />

causes of late NRM included progressive pulmonary fibrosis (four patients),<br />

bacterial pneumonia (one patient), motor vehicle accident (one patient), <strong>and</strong> fatal<br />

secondary malignancies consisting of solid tumors (two patients) <strong>and</strong> myelodysplastic<br />

syndrome/acute myelogenous leukemia (MDS/AML) (one patient). Two<br />

additional patients developed secondary malignancies; one is alive after treatment<br />

for lymphoma, whereas a second MDS/AML patient succumbed due to recurrent<br />

Hodgkin's disease. These causes of late NRM are similar to those described in<br />

other series with relatively long follow-up data. Efforts are ongoing to define risk<br />

factors for these complications so as to develop preventative strategies.<br />

INTRODUCTION<br />

Dose-intensive therapy <strong>and</strong> autoSCT produce durable progression-free survival<br />

(PFS) in a significant proportion of patients with Hodgkin's disease. Prolonged<br />

140

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