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autologous blood and marrow transplantation - Blog Science ...

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492 Chapter 9: Long-Term Effects<br />

us to identify several prognostic factors to model prognostic groups for engraftment<br />

<strong>and</strong> outcome. In our study, the doses of <strong>marrow</strong> infused evaluated before <strong>and</strong> after<br />

purging with mafosfamide appeared to be of major importance in predicting for<br />

engraftment, transplant-related mortality (TRM), relapse incidence (RI), <strong>and</strong><br />

leukemia-free survival (LFS). The characteristics of the <strong>marrow</strong> infused, therefore,<br />

are critical <strong>and</strong>, we believe, should be carefully monitored before autografting.<br />

MATERIALS AND METHODS<br />

Patients<br />

The study protocol was approved by the St-Antoine Human Subject Review<br />

Committee (Paris). A total of 229 adult consecutive patients (165 AML, 61 ALL,<br />

<strong>and</strong> three undifferentiated AL) entered the study from January 1983 to December<br />

1997 (median year of study 1989). The sex distribution was 140 males <strong>and</strong> 89<br />

females. The median age was 36 years (range 9 to 65). A total of 123 AML, 46<br />

ALL, <strong>and</strong> two undifferentiated AL were autografted in CR1. 32 AML, four ALL,<br />

<strong>and</strong> one undifferentiated AL were autografted in CR2. Twenty-one patients were<br />

autografted in more advanced status.<br />

Collection of <strong>marrow</strong>, incubation with mafosfamide <strong>and</strong> cryopreservarion<br />

All patients underwent bone <strong>marrow</strong> (BM) collection while in CR. BM<br />

collected was divided into two parts: a backup BM corresponding to 0.75 X10 3<br />

nucleated BM cells per kg that was saved <strong>and</strong> directly cryopreserved <strong>and</strong> a BM<br />

treated with mafosfamide to be used for ABMT.<br />

To purge the BM with mafosfamide, we used two techniques. In the first period,<br />

until January 1990, we adjusted the doses of mafosfamide (AD) to the individual<br />

sensitivity of the normal granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming units (CFU-<br />

GM) in each patient in an effort to reach the highest tolerable dose that would<br />

achieve a maximum antileukemic activity without jeopardizing BM<br />

engraftment. 8<br />

' 9,32-35<br />

This dose was defined as the CFUGM LD95 on buffy-coat BM<br />

cells, sparing 5 ± 5% CFU-GM. A total of 126 patients had their BM treated<br />

according to this technique.<br />

In the second period, from January 1990, 103 patients had their BM Ficoll-<br />

Hypaque separated; the mononuclear cell fraction was adjusted to a final concentration<br />

of 10 7<br />

/mL <strong>and</strong> treated with a constant unique dose (UD) of 50 pg/mL<br />

mafosfamide. Whatever the dose, the BM suspension was incubated with<br />

mafosfamide for 30 minutes in a water bath at 37°C <strong>and</strong> then immediately cooled<br />

<strong>and</strong> centrifuged at 4°C to block the action of the drug abruptly. After two washes,<br />

the BM cells were then resuspended in irradiated (40 Gy) <strong>autologous</strong> plasma <strong>and</strong>

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