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594 Chapter 10: Graft Manipulation<br />

hematopoietic reconstitution, we cannot exclude the possibility that small<br />

differences in disease-free survival may exist among the three groups of patients.<br />

Within the past few years, <strong>autologous</strong> hematopoietic cell transplant using BM<br />

has rapidly declined, being replaced by PBSC transplant. The results of our study<br />

<strong>and</strong>, also, the results of two other trials in which unstimulated BM has been<br />

compared with mobilized PBSC 19<br />

- 20<br />

indicate that the advantages of PBSC over BM<br />

for autotransplant are not as great as had been previously suspected. 4<br />

There may<br />

still be significant roles for BM as a stem cell product for auto<strong>transplantation</strong>; for<br />

instance, in small children, as a target for gene transfer therapy, <strong>and</strong> as a source of<br />

stem cells for ex vivo expansion.<br />

The data from this study demonstrate the clinical equivalence of G-CSF-primed<br />

BM <strong>and</strong> G-CSF-mobilized PBSC when used for auto<strong>transplantation</strong> after three<br />

different high-dose chemotherapy regimens. This supports the hypothesis that the<br />

kinetics of stem cell engraftment is determined by the treatment given to the patient<br />

before collection of the stem cells rather than the anatomical compartment from<br />

which the stem cells are collected. However, these data should not be overinterpreted.<br />

Namely, it cannot be concluded that all PBSC mobilization methods will<br />

produce the same engraftment kinetics. Data from our program indicate that the<br />

PBSC mobilization regimen may profoundly affect the rate of hematopoietic<br />

4 3<br />

recovery a result that is supported by reports of differential cell recoveries in<br />

both animal 44<br />

<strong>and</strong> human 4546<br />

studies.<br />

REFERENCES<br />

1. Thomas ED: Stem call <strong>transplantation</strong>: Past, present <strong>and</strong> future. Stem Cells 12:539-544,<br />

1994.<br />

2. Juttner CA, Fibbe WE, Nemunaitis J, Kanz L, Gianni AM: Blood cell <strong>transplantation</strong>:<br />

Report from an International Consensus Meeting. Bone Marrow Transplant 14:689-693,<br />

1994.<br />

3. Gale RP, Henon P, Juttner C: Blood stem cell transplants come of age. Bone Marrow<br />

Transplant 9:151-155, 1992.<br />

4. Henon PR: Autologous <strong>blood</strong> stem-cell versus bone <strong>marrow</strong> <strong>transplantation</strong>: Comparison<br />

of cost-effectiveness <strong>and</strong> of clinical benefits. In: Levitt D, Mertelsmann R (eds)<br />

Hematopoietic Stem Cells: Biology <strong>and</strong> Therapeutic Applications. New York: Marcel<br />

Dekker, 1995, p. 421.<br />

5. Henon PR: Peripheral <strong>blood</strong> stem cell <strong>transplantation</strong>s: Past, present <strong>and</strong> future (Review).<br />

Stem Cells 11:154, 1993.<br />

6. Barr RD, McBride JA: Hemopoietic engraftment with peripheral <strong>blood</strong> cells in the treat­<br />

ment of malignant disease. Br J Haematol 51:181-187, 1982.<br />

7. Sheridan WP, Begley CG, Juttner CA, et al.: Effect of peripheral-<strong>blood</strong> progenitor cells<br />

mobilized by filgrastim (G-CSF) on platelet recovery after high-dose chemotherapy.<br />

Lancet 339:640-644, 1992.

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