Freedom, Society, and State - Ludwig von Mises Institute

ism." For a simple presentation of the argument, see
my" Mar x, Mis e san d Soc i a lism,." The F r e ema n (0 c t 0 be r
1974), pp. 605-11.
( 1 7 ) See Mu r ray Rot h bar d, F r e e d om , I n equalitY,
Primitivism and the Division of Labor (Menlo Park,
Cal.: Institute for Humane Studies, 1971).
(18)Warren J. Samuels, "Anarchism and the Theory
of Power," Further Explorations in the Theory of Anarchy,
ed. Gordon Tullock (Blacksburg, Vir.: University
Publications, 1974), p. 40.
(19)Ibid., p. 48.
(20)Ibid., p. 51.
(21)Ibid., pp. 49-56.
(22)See especially, Robert Dahl, Modern Political
Analysis (Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice­
Hall, 1970), pp. 14-34; Robert Dahl, "Power," International
Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences (New
York: Macmillan, 1968), vol. 12, pp. 405-15; Harold
Lasswell and Abraham Kaplan, Power and Society (New
Haven: Yale University Press, 1950).
(23)Dahl, Modern Political Analysis, p. 32.
(24)Laswell and Kaplan, pp. 74-76.
(25)See Arthur Kalleburg, "The Logic of Comparison:
A Methodological Note on the Comparative Study of
Political Systems," World Politics (October 1966),
p p. 6 9 - 8 2. AsKa II enbur g rna kescI ear, the two t e c hn i ­
quesare not inherently mutually exclusive but may at
times be complementary.
(26)Dahl, Modern Political Analysis, p. 32.
(27)Not everyone, however, regards the lack of
"operationalizability" as a liability. See, for example,
Giovanni Sartori, "Concept Misinformation in Comparative
Politics," The American Political Science
Review (December 1970), pp. 1033-53, and especially p.
1045: "Now, we are surely required to reduce ambiguity
by cutting down the range of meanings of concepts. But
the operational criterion of reducing ambiguity entails
drastic losses in conceptual richness and in explanatory
power. Take, for instance, the suggestion that
r social class r should be dismissed and replaced by a
set of operational statements relating to income, occupation,
education level, etc. If the suggestion were
adopted wholesale, the loss of conceptual substance
would be not only considerable, but unjustified. The
same appl ies, to cite another example, to 'power.' To
be concerned with the measurement of power does not imply
that the meaning of the concept should be reduced
to what can be measured about power -- the latter view
would make human behavior in whatever collective sphere
almost inexpl icable." Two things are worthy of note
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