Freedom, Society, and State - Ludwig von Mises Institute

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market, probably fewer services than is commonly thought need to be suppl ied on a collective or equal access basis. This means that it would be practical to supply most of such services on a selective basis directly to the individual household or subscriber. M0 reo v e r, g i v enth e fIe x i b iIi t Y 0 f the rna r ke t, even those situations in which it would be more efficient or convenient to treat certain services as if they were collective, would probably not preclude their provision through the market. But as in earlier sections, it must be cautioned that to say that such a policy is feasible is not to say that it is desirable. This is a value decision that must be left up to the individual reader. Thus far we have dealt with the libertarian proposals for the provision of services in which the use of violence is absent. While we have not been able to con c Iud e t hat s u c h a I a iss e z f air e soc i e t y wo u I d be superior in every aspect to any alternative, it is significant that we also have not encountered a problem whose solution would necessitate government. That is, while the implementation of some of their proposals might render life less convenient, we have thus far not uncovered a flaw in the paradigm that would make such a society impossible or unfeasible. In short, up to this point the libertarian pradigm must be pronounced sound. It is now to the more difficult question of the pro vis ion 0 f s e r vicesin wh i c h the use 0 f vi 0 len c e is present that we now turn. 314
FOOTNOTES ( 1 ) Wa 1 t e rB 1 0 c k , "Free Market T ran s po r tat ion: Denationalizing the Roads," The Journal of Libertarian 8 t udies ( 8 umm e r 19 7 9 ), p. 2 1 4 • (2)Jarret Wollstein, Public Services Under Laiseez FAire (Private Publisher, n.d.), p. 35. (3)Ibid., pp. 45-48. (4)Ibid., pp. 46-67. On these points also see John Hospers, Libertarianism (Santa Barbara: Reason Press, 1971), p. 359. (5 )Block, p. 218. (6)For a devastating and eXhaustive critique of government attempts to rationally allocate its roads, see Walter Block, "Congestion and Road Pricinf," Journal of Libertarian Studies (Summer 1980), pp. 299-330. (7)See Clarence Carson, War on the Poor (New Rochelle: Arlington House, 1969), pp. 204-16. ( 8 ) M u r ray Rot h bar d, For aNew Libe r t y ( New Yo r k : Ma cm ill an, 1973), p. 214. ( 9) w0 lIs t e in, p. 4 0; and Rot h bard, New Libe r t y , pp. 217 -1 8 • (10)Robert Cervero, "Deregulating Urban Transport a t Ion ," The Cat 0 J 0 urn a I (S p r i n g / S umm e r 19 85 ), PP • 236-38. ( 11 ) B 10 c k, "F r e e Ma r k e t ,T1 Pp. 234 - 35 • (12)Rothbard, New Liberty, p. 205; Block, "Free Market," pp. 219-21. (13)Rothbard, New Liberty, p. 210. (14)Block, "Free Market," p. 216. (15)Rothbard, New Liberty, pp. 217-18; and Wi II iam Wooldr idge, Uncle 8am the Monopoly Man (New Rochelle: Arlington House, 1970), pp. 128-40. (16)Rothbard, New Liberty, pp. 136-38. (17)Murray Rothbard, Education, Free and Compulsory (Wichita: Center for Independent Education, n.d.), p. 7. (18) Rothbard, New Liberty, p. 153. (19) Ibid., p. 134; and Rothbard, Education, p. 9 • (20)Rothbard, New Liberty, pp. 154-55. (21)Rothbard, Education, p. 13. (22)Richard and Ernestine Perkins, Precondition for Peace and Prosperity: Rational Anarchy (St. Thomas, Ontario: Phibbs Printing, 1971), p. 116. (23)See above, Chapter II. (24)Rothbard, New Liberty, p. 150-51. Also see Hospers, p. 377, and Perkins and Perkins, pp. 115-16. 315
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FREEDOM, SOCIETY AND THESTATE An In
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To Emmy iii
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V. Some Justification for the State
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FORWARD by William O. Reichert Prof
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o lie s 0 f we a I t h t hat h a v
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contrary, it would not be too stron
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1. THE EOONCNIC SPECTRUM OF ANARCHI
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will become practically indistingui
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Proudhon. And again, "Instead of la
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ished or expelled from the Union. A
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he sees no reason why government wo
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law" on non-monopolistic mechanisms
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logic of the Beairdian analysis, ev
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tal of nations, and of ages ••
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welfare state such as John Rawls. B
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ma j 0 r rep res en tat i v e fig u
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aut h 0 r 's Ene m i e s 0 f the Pe
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power s 0 f go ver nme n t can be r
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ish." Second, it is argued that "It
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natural law that develops the conce
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e it he r on his own proper ty or o
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FOOTNOTES {I )Alexander Berkman, AB
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Egalitarianism As A Revolt Against
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CHAPTER II I The Stale IS I Casle I
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con t r a s t toth0 searea s suehas
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tain a perpetual flux.(12) But rega
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latter is the embodiment of violenc
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individual liberty is subordinated
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that is so characteristic a feature
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qui tel 0 g i c a I I y con c Iuded
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I a t ion. T his ex p I a ins s u c
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5. WHO RULES THE STATE? It is clear
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6. COMMENTS AND EVALUATION Before e
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One must admit that it is an accura
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Responsiveness D ------------- W D'
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u n b a I a needin f a v0 r 0 f a (
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able to the majority." Human Action
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III, "From Laissez-Faire to Zwangsw
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T. Armantano, The Myths of Antitrus
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tion for the phenomenon of imperial
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isks of competition and to institu'
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pIe and interest to the government
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question then becomes "why the majo
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pol icy. But this, of course, is no
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determine and an examination of thi
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ev i dence is abundan t and the can
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Imperialism in 1891, cd. T. Greene'
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u. S. T r a de," and Ge 0 f f r e y
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150
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i n t e r c han g e betweenthe t h
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obtained the declaration of the gen
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mands of the majority by including
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vided in John Lock's argument from
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Mulford Sibley pungently notes, thi
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i n d 00 r s, and an ext e r na I d
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for prevent ing abuse) that large p
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spons i b iIi ty .of insuring every
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FOOTNOTES (l)Plato, "The Crito," Gr
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(29)Or should render. Spencer unfor
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CHAPTER VI Philos 0phicaI Anarc his
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in the ir personal struggle. They a
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es p 0 n sib iii ties wh i c h rna
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another, thereby violating the latt
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produces poverty, and the fear of p
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lender would be el iminated, result
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fit the creditors in three ways: [1
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No power granted to the government,
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forcing the less productive land in
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4. BENJAMIN TUCKER, LYSANDER SPOONE
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the moral duty, of all other childr
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5 • TUCKER AND HIS JOURNAL, "L I
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6. CONCLUSION: THE DECLINE OF PHILO
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FOOTNOTES ( 1 ) F ran z 0 p pen h e
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American Heritage (February 1969),
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( 4 0 ) I nib i d . ,... p. 1 1 2
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(73)Lysander Spooner, "No Treason,
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chist advocates the sanctity of pri
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A common criticism of this type of
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issued, without more than a handful
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poi n t sout tit i s not en 0 ugh t
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T h us, for two reasons, the e cono
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Wh i let her e is, a dm itt e d I y
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itself coerCive, but either may be
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only "negative" but, as Hayek point
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Second, SInce one can define a conc
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a I' ," Cha r I es Murray has noted
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dIe and upper class individuals beg
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wage the unskilled might find jobs.
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endeavoring to gain access to the l
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desire to represent the views of th
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ere d t t e x pan s ton ereate s rn
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accused the minarchists of inconsis
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The ·individualist anarchist appea
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Page 307 and 308: What of the other option of making
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Page 314 and 315: ter to indirect exchange when indiv
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Page 373 and 374: "Coercive acts are destructive of v
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This doe s I' a i sea n i n t ere s
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is rigorously limited to the indivi
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national defense agencies strike me
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of the Ruhr in 1923. Later examples
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in, even sacr i f i ce themselves f
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(38)Hayek, p. 35. (39)See Robert No
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Nozick is a natural rights advocate
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(102)Rothbard, "War, Peace and the
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desirable. Order is a necessary ele
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"free" education for children; much
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G i v e n 0 u r b r i e f 0 v e r v
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F Fisher, J. Greevz, 194 Flynn, Joh
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Renshaw, Edward, 295 Ricardo, David
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