Space Security Index

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Space Security 2011 4 NTM National Technical Means ONE Operational Nanosatellite Effect (U.S.) ORFEO Optical and Radar Federated Earth Observation ORS Operationally Responsive Space (U.S.) OST Outer Space Treaty OTV Orbital Test Vehicle (U.S.) PAROS Prevention of an Arms Race in Outer Space PHA Potentially Hazardous Asteroid PHO Potentially Hazardous Object PLA People’s Liberation Army (China) PLNS Pre-Launch Notification System PPWT Treaty on the Prevention of the Placement of Weapons in Outer Space, and of the Threat or Use of Force against Outer Space Objects PSLV Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle PTSS Precision Tracking Space System QZSS Quazi-Zenith Satellite System (Japan) RAIDRS Rapid Attack, Identification, Detection, and Reporting System RAMOS Russian-American Observation Satellite program RF Radio Frequency RFI Radio Frequency Interference Roscosmos Russian Federal Space Agency SALT Strategic Arms Limitations Talks SANSA South African National Space Agency SAR Space-based Radar SATCOM Satellite Communications SBIRS Space Based Infrared System (U.S.) SBL Space Based Laser SBSS Space Based Space Surveillance (U.S.) SDA Space Data Association SELENE Selenological and Engineering Explorer SHF Super High Frequency SMDC Space and Missile Defense Command (U.S.) SPR Space Posture Review SSA Space Situational Awareness SSN Space Surveillance Network (U.S.) SSS Space Surveillance System (Russia) STSC Scientific and Technical Subcommittee (UN) STSS Space Tracking and Surveillance System (U.S.) TCBM Transparency and Confidence-Building Measure TDRS Tracking and Data Relay Satellite TICS Tiny, Independent, Coordinating Spacecraft Program (U.S.) TSAT Transformational Satellite Communications system (U.S.) TT&C Tracking, telemetry and command
UCS Union of Concerned Scientists UHF Ultra High Frequency UNGA United Nations General Assembly UNIDIR United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research UNISPACE United Nations Conference on the Exploration and Peaceful Uses of Outer Space UN-SPIDER United Nations Platform for Space-based Information for Disaster Management and Emergency Response USAF United States Air Force USCYBERCOM United States Cyber Command USML United States Munitions List USSTRATCOM United States Strategic Command WGS Wideband Global SATCOM WISE Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer XSS Experimental Spacecraft System (U.S.) Acronyms 5
Page 1: SPACE SECURITY 2011 www.spacesecuri
Page 4 and 5: Library and Archives Canada Catalog
Page 7 and 8: PAGE 1 Acronyms PAGE 7 Introduction
Page 9: PAGE 149 Chapter 8 - Space Systems
Page 12 and 13: Space Security 2011 2 EHF Extremely
Page 17 and 18: Space Security 2011 is the eighth a
Page 19 and 20: of the three preceding years, in al
Page 21 and 22: The Space Environment TREND 1.1: Am
Page 23 and 24: 2010 Developments: • Internationa
Page 25 and 26: 2010 Developments: • Shift in U.S
Page 27 and 28: Civil Space Programs TREND 4.1: Gro
Page 29 and 30: 2010 Developments: • Satellite na
Page 31 and 32: eyond the ISS partners, without sac
Page 33 and 34: 2010 Developments: • Japan launch
Page 35 and 36: Space Systems Negation TREND 8.1: I
Page 37 and 38: The Space Environment is chapter as
Page 39 and 40: of which fewer than 5 per cent are
Page 41 and 42: Table 1.3 below lists the Top 10 br
Page 43 and 44: Figure 1.5: Total cataloged on-orbi
Page 45 and 46: (German Aerospace Center), ESA, ISR
Page 47 and 48: approximately six weeks later. NASA
Page 49 and 50: Originally adopted in 1994, the ITU
Page 51 and 52: etransmits the programming to cable
Page 53 and 54: order of years or decades, there ar
Page 55 and 56: help increase the transparency and
Page 57 and 58: e 1,100-kg Block 10 satellite conta
Page 59 and 60: Trend 2.2: Global SSA capabilities
Page 61 and 62: Space surveillance is an area of gr
Page 63 and 64: Space Security Impact e European SS
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2010 Development U.S. government co
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states can peacefully discuss, for
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Registration Convention The Convent
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PAROS resolution Since 1981 the UNG
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Space Security Proposals A number o
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threat posed to the access to, and
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on questions and issues put before
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an impasse. Despite the difficultie
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2010 Development Africa considers t
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e EU/ESA European Space Policy adop
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2010 Development U.S. export reform
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space orbits and place great strain
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2010 Development Various countries
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Table 4.4: The 2010 space launch sc
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itself, major contractors such as B
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1. Transporting astronauts to LEO c
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2010 Development Mix of successes a
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Figure 4.7: NASA 2006-2010 budget (
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Table 4.9: Flights to the Internati
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GPS military applications include n
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distribution system that provides a
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Commercial Space is chapter assesse
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espectively. 9 PanAmSat, New Skies,
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in two ways: 1) by amending spectru
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comprised of Boeing (U.S.), Aker Kv
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of the rst two space tourists purc
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At the Spaceport America runway ded
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the U.S. National Geospatial-Intell
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esources to address growing space s
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satellite technology is that the sy
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Space Support for Terrestrial Milit
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Figure 6.4: Russian dedicated milit
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2010 Development Space Support for
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Space Systems Resiliency is chapter
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Responding to such concerns, the U.
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Space Security Impact e establishme
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industry rsts — notably, the rst
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involved; modest shields in GEO can
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X-37A (NASA/DARPA). 77 A successor
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Space Systems Negation is chapter a
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equipment during Operation Iraqi Fr
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satellites in LEO. 43 Japan is an i
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under the Advanced Weapons Technolo
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Table 8.2: History of ground-based
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e MDA Near-Field Infrared Experimen
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Space Security Working Group Meetin
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Types of Earth Orbits* Low Earth Or
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Article II Outer space, including t
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Article XI In order to promote inte
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Spacecraft Launched in 2010 COSPAR
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COSPAR Launch Date 2010- 041B 2010-
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Chapter One Endnotes 1 D. Wright,
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51 Council of the European Union, d
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97 Joel D. Scheraga, “Establishin
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21 Vandenberg Air Force Base, “Va
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69 Ibid. 70 Ibid. 71 European Space
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13 United Nations Oce for Outer Spa
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54 William J. Broad and Kenneth Cha
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93 Saira Abbasi, “FMCT: An Unnish
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135 K.K. Nair, Space, the Frontiers
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3 Data from Gunter Krebs, Gunter’
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50 Antonio Regalado, “Mexico Gets
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88 Frank Morring Jr., “India Gear
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131 Prime Minister of Russia. “Pr
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170 e Voice of Russia, “Russia, K
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generation GPS bird,” Russian Spa
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13 Jim Yardley, “Snubbed by U.S.,
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55 Daniel J. Marcus, “Commerce Pr
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99 Ibid. 100 Space News, “Virgin
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136 Richard DalBello, interview wit
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Chapter Six Endnotes 1 Union of Con
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43 William Graham, “ULA Atlas V l
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AW_04_19_2010_p35-219773.xml&headli
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138 China State Council Information
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176 Frank Morring, Jr. and Neelam M
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221 Spot Image, “Kompsat 2: e Alt
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265 Andrew Willis, “Galileo contr
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Subcommittee on Investigations, Com
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Programs of Interest,” Center for
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87 John Cummings, “Army nanosatel
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36 Steven Kosiak, “Arming the Hea
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krypton-uoride, helium-argon-xenon,
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101 e Advanced Video Guidance Senso
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