Space Security Index

13 United Nations Oce for Outer Space Aairs, Convention on Registration of Objects Launched into
Outer Space, 1975, online: www.unoosa.org/oosa/en/SORegister/index.html.
14 United Nations Oce for Outer Space Aairs, “Treaty Signatures,” 2006, online:
www.unoosa.org/oosatdb/showTreatySignatures.do.
15 Kai-Uwe Schrogl and Niklas Hedman, “e results of the UNCOPUOS Legal Subcommittee
Working Group on ‘Practice of States and international organizations in registering space objects’
2005–2007,” International Astronautical Congress, 2007 at 3.
16 COPUOS Legal Subcommittee, Practice of States and international organizations in registering space
objects: Working paper submitted by the Chairman of the Working Group on the Practice of States and
International Organizations in Registering Space Objects, 46th Sess., UN Doc. A/AC.105/C.2/L.266,
2007; COPUOS Legal Subcommittee, Report of the Legal Subcommittee of the Committee on Peaceful
Uses of Outer Space on its Forty-Sixth Session held in Vienna from 26th March to 5th April 2007,
46th Sess., UN Doc. A/AC.105/891, 2007 at 20; United Nations General Assembly, Report of the
Committee on Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, 62nd Sess., Supp. No. 20, UN Doc. A/62/20. 2007 at
30-31; United Nations General Assembly, Recommendations on enhancing the practice of States and
international intergovernmental organizations in registering space objects, A/RES/62/101, 62nd Sess.,
2007.
17 Agreement Governing the Activities of States on the Moon and other Celestial Bodies, 5 December 1979,
1363 UNTS 3, 18 ILM 1434 (hereafter Moon Agreement) (entered into force 11 July 1984), Article
3(4).
18 Ibid.
19 United Nations Oce for Outer Space Aairs, “Treaty Signatures,” 2006, online:
www.unoosa.org/oosatdb/showTreatySignatures.do.
20 Union of Concerned Scientists, “Backgrounder: International Legal Agreements Relevant to
Space Weapons,” February 2004, online: www.ucsusa.org/global_security/space_weapons/page.
cfm?pageID=1157.
21 United Nations General Assembly, Resolution Database, 2010, online: www.un.org/documents/
resga.htm.
22 United Nations General Assembly, “UNGA First Committee Voting Record on Prevention of an
Arms Race in Outer Space,” A/C.1/60/L.27, 25 October 2005, Reaching Critical Will, online:
www.reachingcriticalwill.org/political/1com/1com05/votes/L.27.pdf.
23 Oce of Technology Assessment, Anti-Satellite Weapons, Countermeasures, and Arms Control
(Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Oce, September 1985) at 93.
24 Outer Space Treaty, Article III.
25 Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space, and Under Water, 5 August
1963, 14 UST 1313, TIAS No. 5433, 480 UNTS 43 (hereafter Test Ban Treaty).
26 Treaty between the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Limitation of Anti-
Ballistic Missile Systems, 26 May 1972, TIAS 7503.
27 Agreement on Measures to Improve the U.S.-U.S.S.R. Direct Communications Link, 30 September
1971, UNTS 806, no. 402 (1972). See also UNTS 807, no. 57.
28 Some believe that the ABM Treaty, annulled in 2002, was particularly important because it
prohibited the development, testing, or deployment of space-based ABM systems, and also limited
the development of other types of ABMs.
29 e Convention on the Prohibition of Military or any other Hostile Use of the Environmental
Modication Techniques, 18 May 1977, UST 31, no. 333.
30 Oce of Technology Assessment, Anti-Satellite Weapons, Countermeasures, and Arms Control
(Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Oce, September 1985) at 93.
31 Agreement Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the Union
of Soviet Socialist Republics on Notication of Launches of Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles and
Submarine Launched Ballistic Missiles, 31 May 1988.
32 Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe, 9 November 1992, 30 ILM 1, Article XV (2).
Endnotes
183