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grows about 5 inches highland it blooms in March and April.
When the leaves wither in May, the roots form small tubers,
which arc dried for medicine.
405. Polygala sibirica, L., Jap. Hime-hagi ; an evergreen
wild herb of the order Polygalacese. Several stalks, coming
forth from one root, attain to a height of ^-1 ft. and generally lie
on the ground. In summer, they bloom purple flowers of papilioshape
in the leaf-axils. The fruits are flat and round, being about
\ inch in diameter. The roots are used as a medicine.
406. Malva pulchelta, Bertm.,3a,p. Fuyu-aoi, Kan-aoi ;
a biennial herb of the order MalvaceaB, growing wild on the seacoasts
of many provinces, and also planted in gardens. The stem
attains to a height of 3-5 fts., and from spring to winter it bears
flowers in clusters on the axils of leaves. The flowers are about
\ inch in diameter, and are yellowish white with purple shade. The
fruits are used as a medicine after drying. The young leaves are
eaten. One variety with shrivelled is
edges called Okanori.
407. Orixa japonica, 77^.,Jap. Kokusagi ; a deciduous
wild shrub of the order Eutaceas, growing about 10 fts. high. It
is a diaecious plant.
The leaves are smooth and lustrous, and have
a strong disagreeable odour. Late in spring, it yields flowers on
the axils of the leaves. The male flowers form a panicle.
The
female flowers are 4 pataled and yellow coloured,
fruits.
The roots are used as a medicine by drying.
producing small
408. Rhamnus japonica, Max., Jap. Kuro-mumeinodoki
; a deciduous wild shrub of the order Kharnnacea3,
growing 6-7 fts. high. It is
provided with thorns. In summer
it bears greenish yellow flowers on the axils of the leaves. The
fruits are round and black, serving as a purgative after drying.
409. Zizyphus VUlgaris, Lam., var. inermis, Bunge.,
Jap. Sanebuto-natsume ; a deciduous tree of the order Khamnacene,
brought from China about the year 1717, attaining to a
height of about 10 fts. The branches arc provided with sharp