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68 head, with dark green skin and generally red pulp and black seeds. As the pulp contains plenty sweet liquid, it is eaten fresh,, and when young it is preserved in salt and eaten as pickles. There are several sorts of colours and forms. 246. Citrullus edulis, Spach., var., Jap. Shiro-suikwu / a variety of the preceding. The fruit has a white skin, yellow pulp> and red seeds. 247. Cucumis melo, L., Melon, Jap. Makuwa-uri ; an annual cultivated climber of the order Cucurbitaceae. It is produced much in the village Makuwa in the province Mino, whence the name is derived. The male and female flowers are separately on the same vine. The fruits ripen in mid-summer. They are ova]-shaped, about 5 inches long, and of a yellow colour, with longitudinal stripes. They are eaten 1 or 2 days after having been collected, and are very sweet and delicious. There are several varieties of different colours and forms. 248. Cucumis melo, L., van, Jap. Ginmakuwa-urt, Ginmakuwa ; a variety of the melon with large fruits of a green rough skin. It is inferior in taste to the preceding. 249. Momordica charantia, L. y Jap. Tsnru-reishz, Niga-uri ; an annual cultivated climber of the order Cucurbitaceae. The male and female flowers are separately on the same vine. The fruit ripens in summer. It is green, about 4 inches long and 2i inches in diameter, and covered with irregular warts. It turns yellow when ripe, and bursts at the top and exposes several red pulpy seeds of the size of a finger. The plup i& beautifully red, soft, and sweet, containing peculiar seeds. In the provinces of Kinshiu there is a variety with a long fruit about 2 fts. long called Nan-reishi (long reis/ii). The young fruits are eaten as vegetables. Note. The varieties of fruits here mentioned are only a few selected ones. Murne-plums, apricots, peaches, plums, and especially pears, persimmons, and oranges have a great many varieties which are too numerous to ba mentioned respectively in
69 -this limited space. Moreover their cultivation increases newvarieties continually. Besides these there are many plants yielding edible fruits. The following are the names of such plants; Morus alba, L. (294), Pyrus toringo, Sicb. t var. incisa, Fr. et Sav. (362), Pyrus (363), llovenia duleis, T/i , Cornus kousa, Bnergt (645), Primus pseudocerasus, Limit., Cornus officinalis, 5. et Z. (432), Tnxus cuspidata, 5. et Z. (580), Ccltis sinensis, Pcrs, (558), Aphananthe aspera, PI. (297), Opuntia ficns, L. (808), Kibes ambignum, Max. (809), Cornus canadensis, L. (824), Sterculia platanifolia, L. (599), Aesculus turbinata, Bl. (535), Quercus serrata, T/i. (2P5), Q. glandulifera, Bl. (563), Q. .acuta, TJi. (564), Q. glauca, 77i. forma sericea, etc. CHAPTER X. STARCH PLANTS. This Chapter includes the plants which roots, stems, or seeds yield a white powder-like substance, which is made into starch. Starch is nutricions and used for making several sorts of food, as bread, paste, etc. 250. Apios fortune!, Moench., Jap. Hodo-imo ; a perennial climber of the order Leguminosae growing wild. The -compound leaves have 3-5 leaflets on a common petiole. The vine is thin and is about 10 fts. long. In summer it produces greenish yellow papilionaceous flowers in panicles from the leafaxils, being succeeded with pods about 2J inches long. The roots creep under ground with round bullet-like tubers. In winter they are dug out and eaten boiled. A kind of starch is also manufactured from them. 251. Pucraria thunbergiana, Bcnth., Jap. Kudsu, ]\Iakiidsu ; a perennial climber of the order Leguminosae growing wild. The leaves are ternate, and the vine separates into many branches. In autumn it produces purplish red flowers in panicles, which are succeeded by flat hairy pods containing small seeds. The largest roots are 3-4 fts. and have about the thickness-
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REESE LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFOR
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_. 4^. g.- USEFUL PLANTS OF JAPAN D
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3. Oryza glutinosa, Rurnpli., Gluti
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stalks attain a height of 7-8 fts.
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dye called Maine-no- go. Oil is als
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8 with sugar) and also confections
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10 CHAPTER IT. LEAF VEGETABLES. The
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12 \ height of 5 8 inches. It is th
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14 wild in swampy places. In spring
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16 the young stalks of this plant (
Page 24 and 25: \ ground in the warm regions. The p
Page 26 and 27: 20 the alimentation in unexplored c
Page 28 and 29: 22 shape (98 a), but with a tail-li
Page 30 and 31: 24 stalks are shaded with crimson.
Page 32 and 33: 113. b. Tubers of Dioscorea japonic
Page 34 and 35: 28 Allium. fistulosum. It forms the
Page 36 and 37: 30 CHAPTER IV. FLOWKB VEGETABLES. T
Page 38 and 39: 32 eaten boiled or dried and preser
Page 40 and 41: 84 137. d. Trichosanth.es japonica,
Page 42 and 43: 36 on the "upper side of the pileus
Page 44 and 45: 38 j 152. Alaria (Ulopteryx) pinnat
Page 46 and 47: 40 but narrower. It has rough longi
Page 48 and 49: 42 and soft nature having numerous
Page 50 and 51: 44 buds and young fruits are eaten
Page 52 and 53: 46 var. vulgaris, Benth. (446), rin
Page 54 and 55: 48 a deciduous tree of the order Ko
Page 56 and 57: 50 "be preserved by drying after cu
Page 58 and 59: 52 of this plant are very numerous
Page 60 and 61: 54 There are several other varietie
Page 62 and 63: 06 208. b. Debugeasia edulis, Wedd.
Page 64 and 65: 58 Fusa-sugnri ; a small shrub of t
Page 66 and 67: 60 inch long. The kernels have the
Page 68 and 69: 62 226. b. Quercus gilba, Bl., Jap.
Page 70 and 71: 64 233. Citrus decumana, L. , var.
Page 72 and 73: inches in height. They have thick s
Page 76 and 77: 70 of a man's arm. In winter they a
Page 78 and 79: Lycoris (510), Alisma (514), et. ;
Page 80 and 81: 74 As both are only the wild forms
Page 82 and 83: 76 283. Thea Chinensis, Sim., var.
Page 84 and 85: 78 of alcohol. Besides this there a
Page 86 and 87: 80 297. Aphananthe aspera, Pl, t Ja
Page 88 and 89: 82 1 1 Its. long and with, a diamet
Page 90 and 91: 84 of Tsuno-mata in form, though th
Page 92 and 93: 86 314. Cephalotaxus drupacea, S. e
Page 94 and 95: $8 322. b. Sapium sebiferum, Roxb.,
Page 96 and 97: 90 height of 6-7 fts. The soft youn
Page 98 and 99: 92 the order Leguminosae, growing w
Page 100 and 101: 94 341. Carex dispalatha, Bcott., J
Page 102 and 103: -- 06 Note. Besides those above men
Page 104 and 105: 98 grows to a height of 3-4 fts., p
Page 106 and 107: 100 thick bark of the stem gives a
Page 108 and 109: 102 373. Mercurialis leiocarpa, S.
Page 110 and 111: 104 377. AlnUS incana, Willd., var.
Page 112 and 113: 106 spring it bears flowers before
Page 114 and 115: 108 bears pale yellow flowers shade
Page 116 and 117: 110 grows about 5 inches highland i
Page 118 and 119: 112 of branches, being succeeded wi
Page 120 and 121: 114 The Chinese kind was introduced
Page 122 and 123: 116 436. Valeriana officinalis, Z.,
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118 448. PlantagO asiatica, L., Jap
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120 its vine turns left. The fibrou
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122 near sea-shores. In summer it b
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124 culacese planted in gardens for
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126 tains or on river banks, attain
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128 nial herbaceous plant of the or
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130 tennanstti ; a bulbous plant of
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132 shady places in the beginning o
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134 538. Evodia glauca, Miq., Jap.
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136 547. Styrax japonicum, S. et Z.
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138 554. Lindera hypoleuca, Max., J
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140 Doro-yanagi, Wata-no-ki ; a dec
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142 in summer. The male flowers dro
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144 green tree of the order Conifer
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146 fts. It resembles the preceding
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148 leaves. The greatest stem is 20
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150 as a cement in pepar making. On
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152 610. Milletia japonica, A. Gray
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154 622. Prunus japonica, T/i. t va
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156 those with double and white flo
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158 it has double flowers, but no f
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160 - 651. Andromeda campanulata, M
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162 droop like the weeping willow.
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164 662. Cleyra japonica, 77;., Jap
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166 white flowers forming -round ba
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168 683. Quercus thalassica, Hance,
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170 702. Cryptomeria japonica, Don.
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172 nated from B. mosa (590), with
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174 in diameter, resembling Medake
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176 and in the Chapter of Poisonous
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178 745. AceranthUS diphyllus, Morr
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180 Violacere. In early spring it s
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182 771. Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, L.
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184 784. Cytisus SCOparius, Link.,
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186 pink flowers on small peduncles
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~ 188 1-2 fts. In summer it blooms,
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190 822. Cardiandra alternifolia, S
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192 small yellow flowers in panicle
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194 847. Senecio fiammeus, DC., Jap
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196 growing to a height of 2-3 fts.
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198 flowers, being- succeeded with
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200 Crowing in sandy places near se
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202 bana ; a perennial wild herb of
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204 913. Cymbidiuin, Jap. Me-ran ;
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206 herb of the order Maruntaeese g
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208 Jap. Hama-yu, Hawa-omoto ; an e
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' 210 It is about 1 foot high, with
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212 959. Funkia sieboldiana, Hook.,
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2U the leaves on the roof on the Ma
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216 its petioles are lustrous and d
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218 994. Polypodium ensatum, 7//.,
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. Iwa-watsu 220 (1003), but the lea
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1O12. Zoysia pungens, Willd., Jap.
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-h A + fr m mn m B rft m ft K
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