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ground in the warm regions. The petioles are principally used
for food.
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88. Colocasia indica, Kth. (Caladium esculentum.
Sieb.), Jap. Hasu-imo ; a species very nearly related to the
preceding, with leaves growing to a length of abont 3-4 fts. It is
called Hasu-imo (Lotus caladium), because the leaf has the form of
Lotus-leaf. As the petioles of this kind are not bitter they are
eaten either raw or boiled and also preserved dry.
89. Smilax herbacea, Z., var. nipponicum, Miq., Jap.
Shiode ; a perennial wild climber of the order Smilaceae. The
young leaves are boiled and eaten as a vegetable.
90. Osnmnda regalis, ., var.japonicaJap. Jenmai;
wild on
a perennial herbaceous plant of the order Filices growing
mountains and woody places and forming a large clump. In spring
or in salt.
young coiling fronds are eaten boiled or preserved dry
The white fibres covering the young
fronds are woven into clothes.
91. Pteris aquilina, ., Jap. Warabi; a perennial herbaceous
plant of the order Filices. Its rhizomes extend in all directions
under ground and shoot up young leaves everywhere, and
are eaten boiled or preserved in brine. Starch is also got from
the rhizomes, called Warabiko or brakefern meal. The fibre of the
rhizomes after the meal emptied out are used to make rope of
a dark brownish colour, bearing against rottening by moist.
91. b. Botrychium ternatum, Sw., Jap. Hana-warabi
Fuyu-warabi ; a perennial plant of the order Filices growing
wild on mountainous districts. In autumn the leaves come out
with flower stalks, one to eash leaf generally. Tkey attain a
height
taste.
of 6-7 inches and are eaten boiled with a soft delicious
92. Ceratopteris thalictroides, Brong, Jap. Midsuwarabi,
Midsu-riirijin ; an annual herbaceous plant of the order
Filices growing wild in moist swampy plases.
Those growing in
water get larger than -those grown in dry land. In late spring
the young leaves are boiled and eaten as vegetable.