Industrial Relations in Europe 2012 - European Commission - Europa

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working on a feasibility study to set up EU Sector skills Council for Construction (2011-2012) under the Progress programme. In agriculture, the social partners continue to develop and implement a passport for skills called Agripass. 102 The Employer's Group of Professional Agricultural Organisations in the European Union (Geopa-Copa) is running a project on vocational training of agricultural workers aimed at developing skills necessary to facilitate the mobility of workers. The European Federation of Trade Unions in the Food, Agriculture and Tourism (EFFAT) is developing a project on quality employment in a sustainable agriculture. Social partners are currently running a joint project on the impact of the future common agriculture policy on employment in the sector of agriculture. The social partners in the personal services/hairdressing sector are continuing with the implementation of their 2009 autonomous agreement establishing European hairdressing certificates. The social partners have clarified the administrative aspects and are ready to award the first European hairdressing certificates in the near future to hairdressers fulfilling the qualification requirements. The social partners in the hotel and restaurant (HORECA) sector (EFFAT and the Confederation of National Associations of Hotels, Restaurants, Cafés and Similar Establishments in the European Union and European Economic Areas, HOTREC), are running a project on the implementation of the European Qualification and Skills Passport, which will be integrated into EURES. Further, the HORECA sector is in the preparatory phase of the possible setting up of an employment and skills council. It is also involved in the ESCO initiative, with the establishment of a reference group. Box 7.6 Financial support: the social dialogue and industrial relations budget lines The European Commission’s promotion of European social dialogue includes financial support, mainly in the form of grants to social partners and other industrial relations stakeholders. On the basis of Article 154 TFEU, the most important financial programmes are the three headings in the EU budget earmarked for: industrial relations and social dialogue; information and training measures for workers' organisations; and the information, consultation and participation of representatives of undertakings. Further details on these funding opportunities can be found on the following website: http://ec.europa.eu/social/main.jsp?catId=86&langId=en. Industrial relations and social dialogue This budget heading supports the European social partners and other organisations active in the field of industrial relations in contributing to addressing the overarching EU employment and social policy challenges as laid down in the Europe 2020 strategy and in connection with EU initiatives to address the consequences of the economic crisis. Each year, through a call for proposals with two application deadlines, the Commission supports around 80 projects led by the social partners and other organisations active in the field of industrial relations. These projects cover activities linked to the work programmes of the European cross- 102 http://www.adam-europe.eu/adam/project/view.htm?prj=3858 283
industry and sectoral social dialogue committees, as well as measures to strengthen the social partners’ capacity, especially in the new Member States and candidate countries, and which contribute to the development of European social dialogue (excluding national capacity-building activities, which can be funded under the European Social Fund). The total funding available under this budget heading in 2012 is EUR 16.5 million. Of this, around EUR 13.5 million will fund projects through the call for proposals. Other activities supported in 2012 include studies in the field of industrial relations and social dialogue, meetings of the European social partners, including the cross-industry and sectoral social dialogue committees, and a joint project with the International Labour Organisation, which will cover social partner capacitybuilding and training, and industrial relations analysis. Information and training measures for workers’ organisations This budget heading provides support for information and training measures for workers’ organisations carried out by European, national and regional workers’ organisations. Each year, through a call for proposals with one application deadline, the Commission supports around 25 projects in this field. This budget heading also provides support to the European Trade Union Institute (ETUI) and the European Centre for Workers’ Questions (EZA), which are the major European institutions providing training and research for European workers’ organisations. ETUI works with the European Trade Union Confederation (ETUC) and EZA works with the Christian workers’ organisations, which are also members of the ETUC. The total funding available under this budget heading in 2012 is EUR 17 million. Of this, around EUR 3.42 million will be awarded through the call for proposals. Information, consultation and participation of representatives of undertakings This budget heading provides support for operations to ensure the conditions for fostering the development of employee involvement in undertakings, by promoting the relevant EU legislation. This includes the Directives on European works councils and on employee involvement in the European Company and European Cooperative Society, the Directive establishing a general framework for informing and consulting employees in the European Community, and the Directive on cross-border mergers of limited liability companies and fostering transnational company agreements. Each year, through a call for proposals with two application deadlines, the Commission supports around 50 projects in this field. The total funding available under this budget heading in 2012 is EUR 7.5 million, all of which is to be awarded through the call for proposals. 7.3 Other themes in European sectoral social dialogue Health and safety Health and safety issues belong to subjects regularly discussed by the social partners in the European social dialogue committees. The last two years have seen several new initiatives in this policy area, including projects, common statements, joint declarations and exchanges of information in sectors ranging from agriculture, through construction to public services. 284
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Industrial Relations in Europe 2012
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Neither the European Commission nor
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Table of contents Executive summary
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employers. The second covers countr
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as has trade union fragmentation, d
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collective bargaining, in other cou
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fragmentation and pay dispersion ha
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Generating new jobs and transformin
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een negligible. Second- and third-t
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Nevertheless, the study indicated m
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Chapter 1: Overview of European, na
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2010, collective bargaining coverag
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short period of eight years. In Est
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Chart 1.6: Bargaining centralisatio
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A core aim of the CAWIE project has
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purposes of the present analysis. T
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have been substituted by contractin
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Table 1.1 shows that in 11 countrie
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SI SK UK Central level agreements.
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IT LV LT LU MT NL PL PT RO SE SI SK
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Across the EU the magnitude of the
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IE IT LV LT LU MT NL PL PT RO SE Jo
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argaining in the same way so that d
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Table 1.6: Major unions in the publ
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LU LV MT NL General Confederation o
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As shown by Visser (2010) for the n
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1.5 Employers’ associations In co
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SI SK Governmental bargaining group
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State-centred, including Greece, Sp
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Chart 1.12: Comparison between nati
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this would imply that industrial re
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Doellgast, V. and Greer, I. (2007),
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Chapter 2: Industrial relations dev
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the only available source of compar
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Chart 2.4: Annual net earnings in t
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Table 2.1 GINI coefficients for the
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producers’ Finally, the governmen
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A weakening membership base indicat
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less eager to join an employers’
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The lower degree of bargaining coor
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Existence of tripartite council con
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including trade unions in policymak
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Legal extension of collective agree
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Descriptive statistical evidence (s
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of sector-level collective agreemen
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* Italics indicate pacts addressing
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the liberal CEECs (LT, LV, EE, RO a
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2.3.7 Interim conclusions Unionisat
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Chart 2.16: Multi-national companie
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Box 2.3 Coping with the economic cr
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motivation for employers was findin
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EE HU rapid increase before the cri
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SK 2011: cuts/freeze planned SI 200
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cooperation within the EU, where be
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cabinet resignation, Romania renege
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important for building additional r
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References Avdagic, S. (2005), ‘S
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egulationin Eastern Europe’, in D
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and not an exact measurement of the
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Of the remaining countries, four -
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In some cases this is linked to emp
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and social security activities have
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Table 3.4 Part-time employment, 201
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Table 3.6 Number employed in tempor
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3.4 Employment status and the right
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employees (Angestellte and Arbeiter
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Table 3.8 Trade union density in th
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distinguish between ‘technical’
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with adequate services as well as t
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Wales) about pay increases, based o
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majority public ownership) than in
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3.7 Centralisation, decentralisatio
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government over the entire bargaini
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3.8 Industrial conflict and settlem
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all of public employees. Career civ
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is also paid to equal pay and low-p
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Casale G. (2008), Public service la
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Pedersini R. (2009), “La riforma
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Appendix 3.1 Number employed in pub
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Chapter 4: The consequences of the
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had a lengthy engagement with NPM r
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Moreover, after an initial increase
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GDP), Denmark (3.2%), Cyprus (0.9%)
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in 2009 - a target that was missed
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public sector and its workforce in
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Pay Cut Pay Freeze Other measures H
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Nevertheless, it should be remember
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able to progress to higher salary p
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the sharing of information technolo
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and moves towards fiscal consolidat
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the importance of inward investment
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In countries less affected by auste
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Spain -18,000 in 2010 in public adm
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4.5.2 Responses of social partners
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Country Protest & Strikes Finland F
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Country Protest & Strikes Spain Ext
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It has been suggested that although
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Acknowledgements We thank Berndt Ke
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Ibsen, C., Larsen, T., Madsen, J. a
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Chapter 5: Greening the social dial
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(Ueapme 2010 55 ). Fostering the ad
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5.3 Cooperative approaches in manag
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Chemical industry institutes) is th
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5.4 Representation within an emergi
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In other countries, the emergence o
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Skills developments Career and empl
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(WiRES 83 ) looked into the aspect
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Career and employment security Heal
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solar energy production, has launch
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will hire unemployed workers, with
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Overall, industrial relations in gr
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References Arbeiterkammer Wien, Ins
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Chapter 6: Social partner involveme
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the same country in different areas
Page 234 and 235: 6.3 Unemployment benefit systems Th
Page 236 and 237: established tripartite cooperation.
Page 238 and 239: would appear that the funds were a
Page 240 and 241: Further, according to the most rece
Page 242 and 243: An example of social concertation i
Page 244 and 245: government will facilitate the acco
Page 246 and 247: funds. The schemes were based on pe
Page 248 and 249: of industrial actions in the summer
Page 250 and 251: managing these insurance funds is t
Page 252 and 253: 6.6.2 Social partner influence on p
Page 254 and 255: etirement income gap by private fun
Page 256 and 257: Acknowledgements The author would l
Page 258: Natali D (2009), Public/private mix
Page 261 and 262: Commission must consult the social
Page 263 and 264: social partners' increasing role as
Page 265 and 266: The agreement is a significant achi
Page 267 and 268: the Commission not to present it to
Page 269 and 270: In late July 2012 the cross-industr
Page 271 and 272: Through the AGS the Commission has
Page 273 and 274: workplaces in local and regional go
Page 275 and 276: Moreover, the social partners are c
Page 277 and 278: Change Summit in Cancun in December
Page 279 and 280: linked to the Europe 2020 strategy
Page 281 and 282: EU's flagship policy towards the se
Page 283: to be included in the national LLL
Page 287 and 288: In the construction sector, the Eur
Page 289 and 290: In the sugar sector, the implementa
Page 291 and 292: Directive on 30 May 2012. In this,
Page 293 and 294: well represented at the higher leve
Page 295 and 296: to establish and/or improve nationa
Page 297 and 298: Federation of Textiles, Clothing an
Page 299 and 300: Chart 7.1 Number and type of texts
Page 301 and 302: commitment to the aim of full imple
Page 303 and 304: Table 7.1: European sectoral social
Page 305 and 306: Table 7.2: European social partner
Page 307 and 308: Recovering and strengthening compet
Page 309 and 310: Joint position regarding the Europe
Page 311 and 312: developments, explains the Commissi
Page 313 and 314: The review is based on consultation
Page 315 and 316: concluded on 21 May 2012 a European
Page 317 and 318: Furthermore, studies were commissio
Page 319 and 320: Report of 26 October 2012 on the im
Page 321 and 322: Six judgments were delivered relati
Page 323 and 324: In Case C-3/10 162 , the ECJ ruled
Page 325 and 326: In Case C 282/10 179 , the ECJ deci
Page 327 and 328: 8.3 Health and safety of workers 8.
Page 329 and 330: 8.3.5 Exposure to asbestos Practica
Page 331 and 332: of data due to the need for major a
Page 333 and 334: and effects of the EU Directives on
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2. FREE MOVEMENT OF WORKERS DIRECTI
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