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Industry sectors’ use of e-commerce There are very few reliable statistics to facilitate comparison of differing sectors use of e-commerce. There is some data, however, that assists in painting a few outlines. Although somewhat dated, ABS data indicates that most business sectors are making progress towards obtaining the key infrastructure that is required to participate in e-commerce. See the Exhibit below. This shows the proportion of businesses in differing industry sectors that use personal computers (PCs) as well as the percentage that have Internet access. Exhibit 1.1 Employing businesses with PC and Internet usage (percentage) Total Personal and other services Cultural and recreational services Health and community services Property and business services Finance and insurance Communications services Transport and storage Accommodation, cafes and restaurants Retail trade Wholesale trade Construction Manufacturing Mining 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Internet Access Source: ABS Publication 8133.0, Business use of Information Technology 1997–98, April 1999, p. 5. PCs While this ABS data is not a direct indicator of e-commerce utilisation, it does give some insight into which sectors are working towards having the essential infrastructure in place which is necessary to proceed to e-commerce. The data indicates that on average it seems that 64 per cent of businesses utilise PCs, while 30 per cent of businesses also have Internet access. Interestingly, mining appears to be a leading sector (particularly in PC utilisation) while services-related activities are consistently strong in obtaining Internet access. Other Government agencies have looked at the sectoral composition of Australian e-commerce sites of the Internet. The Department of the Communications, Information Technology and the Arts recently conducted a survey into the distribution of websites by industrial classifications. Results showing the allocation of surveyed sites are plotted in the Exhibit below. 88
Exhibit 1.2 Distribution of websites according to industrial classification Other Health and community services Education Communications services Agriculture, forestry and fishing Mining Transport and storage Finance and insurance Cultural and recreational services Personal and other services Manufacturing Retail and wholesale trade Property and business services 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Source: John Street and Danielle Aeuckens, Results of a Survey: Electronic Commerce on the Internet, Department of Communications, Information Technology and the Arts, 1999. These results indicate that most Australian e-commerce sites are related to key service sector activities. Taken at face value, in contrast to the ABS capacity statistics, this data suggests that mining companies make up a small proportion of those that have e-commerce sites in Australia. It should be noted, however, that the study was preliminary in nature. While providing some interesting insights, inference is limited by the fact that only 790 domains were classified and that these were all sourced from one directory. Furthermore, only .com.au domain names were surveyed, under-representing industries with other domain suffixes (that is .gov.au, .net.au, .edu.au). Exhibit 1.3 Internet commerce by industrial classification (per cent) Personal and other services Cultural and recreational services Agriculture, forestry and fishing Manufacturing Property and business services Wholesale trade Retail trade Accommodation, cafes and restaurants Finance and insurance Transport and storage Communications services Source: John Street and Danielle Aeuckens, Results of a Survey: Electronic Commerce on the Internet, Department of Communications, Information Technology and the Arts, 1999. Overall, there is little quantitative evidence to point to about differing sectors’ use of e-commerce techniques in Australia at present, but the data that is available generally points to services being significant users. None of these surveys suggests any limits to the adoption of e-commerce, or the nature of the potential benefits and other impacts. To do that it is necessary to examine sectors on a case by case basis. E-commerce intensive sectors In order to capture areas where the largest impacts of e-commerce would occur, sectors that are viewed as being intensive users or rapid adopters of 89
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© Commonwealth of Australia 2000 I
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Table of contents Foreword ........
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Part 2 - Case studies Section One I
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Executive summary E-commerce is sti
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Part 1— economic analysis
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Chapter One Study context, aims and
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Within the business-to-business cat
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Table 1.4 Projected growth in econo
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Chapter Two Economic issues What di
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Exhibit 2.1 Disintermediation effec
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Table 2.1 E-commerce impact on vari
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Chapter Three Changes ahead—indus
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Health Significant efficiencies sta
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Chapter Four Economy-wide assessmen
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Direct changes and flow on impacts
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consumption relative to economic ac
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External competitiveness Greater us
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Industry outcomes Greater use of e-
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Food products The food products sec
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people with differing occupational
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Tasmania and the Northern Territory
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Table 4.2 Regional growth and emplo
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The data for country regions (Exhib
Page 50 and 51: impacts are a reasonable representa
Page 53 and 54: Chapter Six Policy implications and
Page 55 and 56: Appendix A Study methodology, shock
Page 57 and 58: confidence. This is at the expense
Page 59 and 60: All of the GDP gain generated by ch
Page 61 and 62: (s11) Saving of particular inputs I
Page 63 and 64: Table A.1 continued Commodity Per c
Page 65 and 66: Table A.2 continued Engine & Boiler
Page 67 and 68: Table A.2 continued Safety Inspecto
Page 69 and 70: Table A.3 continued Industries 2007
Page 71 and 72: B.2 The structure of MONASH The cor
Page 73 and 74: simulations it is assumed that the
Page 75 and 76: Table B.1 (Continued) MONASH-RR Reg
Page 77 and 78: C.2 Forecasts for macroeconomic var
Page 79 and 80: other grains, iron and non-iron ore
Page 81 and 82: The numbers in column (II) of Table
Page 83 and 84: Productivity growth over the histor
Page 85 and 86: forecast of a 0.1 per cent decline
Page 87 and 88: Productivity growth in the construc
Page 89 and 90: Employment prospects in the sector
Page 91 and 92: Table D.1 continued Textiles, cloth
Page 93 and 94: Table D.1 continued Health, educati
Page 95 and 96: Table D.2 continued 45 Bags and Con
Page 97: Part 2 — case studies
Page 102 and 103: e-commerce were chosen. Key questio
Page 104 and 105: Banking For some time now most of t
Page 106 and 107: 2.3 Cost savings Banks are keen to
Page 108 and 109: 2.5 Changing business modes Branch
Page 110 and 111: Banks are also looking to take adva
Page 112 and 113: NAB, as a multinational, is already
Page 114 and 115: activities such as consumer electro
Page 116 and 117: Box 3.2 Building a business on e-co
Page 118 and 119: One of the issues for all industrie
Page 120 and 121: 108
Page 122 and 123: Box 4.2 Australia Post and e-commer
Page 124 and 125: Opportunities are being created for
Page 126 and 127: Value can be transferred into Austr
Page 128 and 129: Continued use of email and the deve
Page 130 and 131: E-commerce allows some flexibility
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Page 134 and 135: are introduced to market at a start
Page 136 and 137: educe the duplication of assessment
Page 138 and 139: 6.3 Cost savings as a result of ele
Page 140 and 141: The primary e-commerce tools for im
Page 142 and 143: New service modes and channels to t
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Page 146 and 147: This Section will review the implic
Page 148 and 149: of greater depth. (It should be not
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consumers watch five per cent less
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artist is the promotion which airpl
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New costs The fragmentation and reg
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gambled. The development of Interne
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146
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Making a purchase over the Internet
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Customers who access troubleshootin
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they does not actually sell those i
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Key points There are few other sect
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e-commerce allows quicker order pro
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9.3 New costs The demand for busine
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How a ticket is sold, through an ag
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Box 10.1 Case study: E-commerce and
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The education and training sector h
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166
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11.2 Production Manufacturing busin
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Opportunities for re-intermediation
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Value could transfer within the sec
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174
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years’ time. 30 This reflects an
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seeks to provide a point of referen
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To a small extent, direct selling t
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Box 13.1 Austmine—a window for th
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Box 13.2 Leaving mining sites for w
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