ESTONIAN ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW 2009

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year month, day place event indicator 2008 January 19-Jan winter December 2007, January and February 2008) March Estonia Ristna Estonia Estonia Narva-Jõesuu very warm record warmth very warm air temperature -0.5 °C (norm -6.3°C) absolute maximum air temperature +6.2 °C air temperature anomaly +0.5 °C (warmest) air temperature anomaly +3.6 °C absolute maximum air temperature on 31.March: +15.1°C April Estonia air temperature anomaly +3.3 °C May islands (Ristna) drought June July August end of August, beginning of September October Kunda Võru excessive precipitation downpours, thunderstorms 4 mm of precipitation during the month (Ristna) 176 mm of precipitation (300% of normal) 70 mm of precipitation in 3.5 hours Tõravere UV index 8.6 (over 7 is high) Estonia Jõhvi SE Estonia Estonia Kuusiku excessive precipitation downpours, excessive precipitation high water level (flood surge) excessive precipitation 23-24 November Estonia snowstorm 23-25 November Estonia precipitation (snow) average amount of precipitation: 177 mm (226% of normal) 116 mm in 24 hours, amount of precipitation during the month: 242.2 mm (normal: 86 mm) higher than spring flood levels average amount of precipitation: 104 mm (154% of normal), maximum amount of precipitation during the month: 131.2 mm (normal: 78 mm) wind speed with blowing and drifting snow up to 30 m/s; damage snow depth on mainland up to 30-50 cm; 8 cm on islands 25 November Kuusiku snow record snow depth 56 cm December Estonia very warm air temperature anomaly +3.1 °C Estonia - rivers Tartu high water level (flood surge) high flow rate in River Emajõgi caused by precipitation higher than spring flood levels, new long-term highs for water level in December rate of flow 155 m 3 /s Lake Võrtsjärv water level about 1 m higher than average 182
Abbreviations used ARC – Agricultural Research Centre ARIB – Estonian Agricultural Registers and Information Board ARK – Estonian Motor Vehicle Registration Centre EEA – European Environment Agency EEIC – Estonian Environment Information Centre EERC – Estonian Environmental Research Centre EMHI – Estonian Meteorological and Hydrological Institute KIK – Environmental Investment Centre SEIT – Stockholm Environment Institute Tallinn Centre WEEE – waste electric and electronic equipment
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Estonian Environment ESTONIAN ENVIR
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Published in the “Estonian Enviro
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Table of contents Foreword 3 Introd
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10. The environment and health 162
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Summary Socioeconomic background In
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Part 1 Socioeconomic background 1.
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1 600 000 1 550 000 1 500 000 popul
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Sources: • Ainsaar, M., Maripuu L
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2. The economy Estonia’s economy
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Table 2.3. GDP per capita as measur
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agriculture and fishery 3%, 3859 pr
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2.4. Transport Transport gives peop
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2.5. Tourism After independence was
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2.6. Agriculture The relative impor
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Fertilizer use With regard to inorg
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Agri-environmental support monitori
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3. Natural resources
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Construction mineral resources were
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10000 thousands of cubic metres 800
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Status of fish stocks in inland bod
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3.2.3. Restocking As a consequence
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Map 3.2. Average volume per hectare
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15 increment felling volume optimum
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3.3.5. Forest fires One of the exte
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3.4. Hunting Hunting is closely rel
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20 000 population size hunting bag
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4. Weather patterns and causes of c
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o C Ristna -22.9/-28.4 Vilsandi -21
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4.2. Greenhouse gas emissions and o
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agriculture 6% waste 3% industrial
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According to Statistics Estonia, CF
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5. Ambient air
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5.2. Emissions 5.2.1. Emissions of
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5.2.2. Tropospheric ozone precursor
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Finland Bulgaria Spain Latvia tropo
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40 35 fine particulate matter (PM 2
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other mobile pollution sources 0.04
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6 5 4 3 2 tonnes 1 0 5.66 5.41 4.30
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Compared to years past, the number
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Hiiumaa 100 89 Saaremaa Läänemaa
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6. Water The existence of clean fre
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300 250 30 agriculture 200 13 manuf
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6.2.2. Mining and cooling water In
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250 wastewater volume total phospho
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Tallinn Kohtla-Järve Rakvere Tartu
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6.4. Status of water 6.4.1. Groundw
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6.4.2. Evaluating the status of sur
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6.4.4. Status of rivers Proceeding
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Hirve Imsi Pale Uia Keila_1 Neeva S
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6.4.5. Status of lakes The ecologic
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7. Soil and land use
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7.1.2. Soil formation Soil is creat
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7.1.4. Soil status The status of so
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7.2. Changes in land use 7.2.1. Cha
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7.2.2. Changes in land use as refle
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partly attributable to unrealized p
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7.3. Urban sprawl Suburban sprawl i
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green network core areas and corrid
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8. Biological diversity Considering
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Table 8.2 Abundance and trends for
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Species habitats The status of habi
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non-initiation of Natura environmen
Page 134 and 135: 8.2.3. Achieving protection of biol
Page 136 and 137: Management plans Currently there ar
Page 138 and 139: 8.3. Inland water bodies The divers
Page 140 and 141: Small lakes The equilibrium of smal
Page 142 and 143: 8.4.2. Species: seals With the mild
Page 144 and 145: Proliferation of macroalgae Costal
Page 146: 9. Waste
Page 149 and 150: 20 total waste generated hazardous
Page 151 and 152: 9.4. Municipal waste generation and
Page 153 and 154: The primary reasons for the delay a
Page 155 and 156: 2004 2006 80 2005 2007 target of 15
Page 157 and 158: 9.8. Recovery of waste Recovery of
Page 159 and 160: deposition in landfills other dispo
Page 161 and 162: Table 9.2. Number of landfills in 2
Page 164 and 165: 10. The environment and health The
Page 166 and 167: a deficiency in the technical condi
Page 168: 11. Economic instruments for enviro
Page 171 and 172: and payment, rates and use of the s
Page 173 and 174: tion, environmental educational ini
Page 176 and 177: 12. Environmental management tools
Page 178 and 179: 12.3. Environmental labels Consumer
Page 180: Appendix
Page 183: year month, day place event indicat
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ESTONIAN ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW 2009

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