PERÚ - Observatory for Renewable Energy in Latin America and

Perú- Products I and II
1. BASE LINE OF ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES
1.1 Introduction
Due to the renewable resources perspectives of their greater use (hydroelectric and
other ones) and the improvement of the energy consumption pattern to encourage
the sustainable development in the country, this report describes the base line of
the most important technologies for the national energy system, the role that te
renewable energies are playing and their relevant practices in Peru. For it, it is
shown the current general energetic information, its problems, the legal and
institutional framework of renewable energies and the recent regulatory reforms
devoted to promote its development and use through the application of incentives
to promote the investment in renewable projects and technologies. Furthermore, it
is given information of the most relevant facilities that use renewable and non
renewable energy sources. Finally, it is explained the teachings derived from the
base line analysis of technologies and renewable energy facilities, emphasizing the
determination of the factors for its practice and contribution to the sustainable
development of the country.
The Peruvian electrical system has a production structure dominated by renewable
resources. Before the Camisea gas entrance, the contribution of hydroelectricity in
2000 was of 87 % but in 2010 this participation fell to 56 %, due to the growth of
the natural gas use in electricity generation. As for the installed capacity, in 2010
renewable technologies accounted for about 48 % of the total, being the remaining
percentage of fossil fuels technologies. (MEM, 2011i).
It is important to emphasize that with the entrance into commercial transaction of
the Camisea project, in August of 2004, it started an important change in the
consumption pattern of the energy Peruvian system. Nowadays, the gas reserves
exceed the ones of oil and its consumption shows a constant growth since then,
keeping the preponderance of fossil resources in front of the renewable ones in the
national energy supply.
The advantages of the presence of natural gas in the energy matrix are the
substitution of the oil by-products, reducing imports and improving the country’s
balance of trade. Besides, its price has benefited the electricity sector keeping the
electricity tariffs down. As a disadvantage we have that their production costs
continue being cheaper than the ones associated with renewable energies, favoring
their implementation.
1.2 Methodology
The information sources for the base line development of energetic technologies
and the art state can be grouped as follows:
a) Energetic source of information.
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