integration of solid oxide fuel cells and ... - Ea Energianalyse

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Hot climate SOFC + ABS + HW vs pure El Must be updated manually! NO SOFC SOFC + ABS + HW ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SOFC pris DKK/kW Year 1'000 2'000 2'650 4'000 6'000 8'000 10'000 15'000 0 1'428'754 2'330'087 2'728'993 2'988'282 3'526'805 4'324'617 5'122'429 5'920'241 7'914'771 1 4'579'603 3'661'293 4'060'199 4'319'488 4'858'011 5'655'823 6'453'635 7'251'447 9'245'977 2 7'580'411 4'929'109 5'328'015 5'587'304 6'125'827 6'923'639 7'721'451 8'519'263 10'513'793 3 10'438'324 6'136'552 6'535'458 6'794'747 7'333'270 8'131'082 8'928'894 9'726'706 11'721'236 4 13'160'146 7'286'498 7'685'404 7'944'693 8'483'216 9'281'028 10'078'840 10'876'652 12'871'183 5 15'752'358 8'381'685 8'780'591 9'039'880 9'578'403 10'376'215 11'174'027 11'971'839 13'966'369 6 18'221'130 9'424'720 9'823'626 10'082'915 10'621'438 11'419'250 12'217'062 13'014'874 15'009'404 7 20'572'342 10'418'087 10'816'993 11'076'282 11'614'805 12'412'617 13'210'429 14'008'241 16'002'771 8 22'811'592 11'364'150 11'763'056 12'022'345 12'560'868 13'358'680 14'156'492 14'954'304 16'948'835 9 24'944'211 12'265'163 12'664'069 12'923'358 13'461'881 14'259'693 15'057'505 15'855'317 17'849'847 10 26'975'276 13'123'271 13'522'177 13'781'466 14'319'989 15'117'801 15'915'613 16'713'425 18'707'955 11 28'909'624 13'940'516 14'339'422 14'598'711 15'137'234 15'935'046 16'732'858 17'530'670 19'525'200 12 30'751'860 14'718'845 15'117'751 15'377'040 15'915'563 16'713'375 17'511'187 18'308'999 20'303'529 13 32'506'371 15'460'110 15'859'016 16'118'305 16'656'828 17'454'640 18'252'452 19'050'264 21'044'795 14 34'177'333 16'166'077 16'564'983 16'824'272 17'362'795 18'160'608 18'958'420 19'756'232 21'750'762 15 35'768'726 16'838'427 17'237'333 17'496'622 18'035'145 18'832'957 19'630'769 20'428'581 22'423'111 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 5 PB time 0,5 0,7 0,9 1,2 1,6 2,1 2,6 3,6
Hot climate SOFC + ABS + HW vs SFOC + HW Must be updated manually! Delta NPV_10 SOFC + ABS + HW - (SOFC + HW) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ABS pris DKK/kW Year 2'000 2'450 3'000 3'670 5'000 6'000 7'000 8'000 10'000 0 123'538 2'751 -144'877 -324'715 -681'708 -950'123 -1'218'538 -1'486'954 -2'023'784 1 347'473 226'686 79'058 -100'780 -457'773 -726'188 -994'603 -1'263'019 -1'799'849 2 560'745 439'958 292'329 112'491 -244'501 -512'917 -781'332 -1'049'747 -1'586'578 3 763'860 643'074 495'445 315'607 -41'386 -309'801 -578'216 -846'631 -1'383'462 4 957'304 836'517 688'889 509'050 152'058 -116'357 -384'773 -653'188 -1'190'019 5 1'141'536 1'020'749 873'121 693'282 336'290 67'875 -200'541 -468'956 -1'005'787 6 1'316'995 1'196'208 1'048'580 868'741 511'749 243'334 -25'082 -293'497 -830'328 7 1'484'099 1'363'312 1'215'683 1'035'845 678'853 410'437 142'022 -126'393 -663'224 8 1'643'245 1'522'458 1'374'830 1'194'992 837'999 569'584 301'169 32'753 -504'077 9 1'794'813 1'674'026 1'526'398 1'346'560 989'567 721'152 452'737 184'321 -352'509 10 1'939'164 1'818'377 1'670'748 1'490'910 1'133'918 865'502 597'087 328'672 -208'159 11 2'076'640 1'955'854 1'808'225 1'628'387 1'271'394 1'002'979 734'564 466'149 -70'682 12 2'207'571 2'086'784 1'939'155 1'759'317 1'402'325 1'133'909 865'494 597'079 60'248 13 2'332'266 2'211'479 2'063'851 1'884'012 1'527'020 1'258'605 990'189 721'774 184'944 14 2'451'024 2'330'237 2'182'608 2'002'770 1'645'778 1'377'362 1'108'947 840'532 303'701 15 2'564'126 2'443'339 2'295'711 2'115'872 1'758'880 1'490'465 1'222'049 953'634 416'803 PB time 0,0 0,7 1,5 3,2 4,7 6,2 7,8 11,5
Page 1:
INTEGRATION OF SOLID OXIDE FUEL CEL
Page 5:
Abstract It is investigated whether
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Preface This report is documentatio
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CONTENTS Preface . . . . . . . . .
Page 14 and 15:
CONTENTS 4.2.3 SOFC stack . . . . .
Page 16 and 17:
CONTENTS A.4 DG appendix . . . . .
Page 18 and 19:
LIST OF FIGURES 4.3 Diagram of sing
Page 21 and 22:
NOMENCLATURE Acronyms Acronym ABS A
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Greek (and other) Symbols Greek (an
Page 25:
Subscripts Subscripts Subscript 2P
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1. INTRODUCTION Chapter 4, System d
Page 30 and 31:
1. INTRODUCTION the electricity and
Page 32 and 33:
1. INTRODUCTION 1.4 SOFC The fuel c
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1. INTRODUCTION 1.5 Heat driven coo
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1. INTRODUCTION Cycle description.
Page 38 and 39:
1. INTRODUCTION Ammonia-water The C
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1. INTRODUCTION 1.5.3 Platen Munter
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1. INTRODUCTION Open loop In an ope
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1. INTRODUCTION 1.7 Problem stateme
Page 46 and 47:
2. MARKET INVESTIGATION appendix A.
Page 48 and 49:
2. MARKET INVESTIGATION 2.2.2 Ship
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2. MARKET INVESTIGATION Pay Back Ti
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2. MARKET INVESTIGATION 2.3.2 Micro
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2. MARKET INVESTIGATION Sensitivity
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2. MARKET INVESTIGATION • ECH pri
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2. MARKET INVESTIGATION 2.4.3 Resul
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2. MARKET INVESTIGATION 16000 14000
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2. MARKET INVESTIGATION Annuity pri
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2. MARKET INVESTIGATION 2.4.4 Concl
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C H A P T E R 3 COMPONENT DESCRIPTI
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3.1. Introduction The seven stream
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3.2. Absorber - ABSO 3.2 Absorber -
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3.2. Absorber - ABSO implicitly thr
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3.4. Burner - BURN 3.4 Burner - BUR
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3.5. Condenser - COND T [° C ] ΔT
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3.6. Desorber - DES 3.6 Desorber -
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3.7. Evaporator - EVAP 3.7 Evaporat
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3.8. Heat Exchanger - HEX 3.8 Heat
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3.8. Heat Exchanger - HEX The press
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3.10. Pre Reformer - PR 3.10 Pre Re
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3.11. Pump - PUMP 3.11 Pump - PUMP
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3.12. Solid Oxide Fuel Cell - SOFC
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Page 95 and 96:
Page 97 and 98:
3.14 Cooling Tower - TOWER 3.14. Co
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3.14. Cooling Tower - TOWER tower d
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3.14. Cooling Tower - TOWER The air
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3.15. Expansion valve - VA/VB possi
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4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 8 SPG 10 20 1
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4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION Pre reformer
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4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION which increas
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4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 4.3 Absorptio
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4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 4.3.3 Pumping
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4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION The temperatu
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4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 4.5 Absorptio
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4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 4.6 Cooling T
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4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION (below 100
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4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION as: Ẇ AC =
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4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 4.8 Verificat
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4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION SOFC net effi
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C H A P T E R 5 SIMULATION AND RESU
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5.1. Basic absorption cooling Figur
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5.1. Basic absorption cooling geous
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5.1.3 Changing evaporator temperatu
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5.1. Basic absorption cooling as de
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5.2. System configurations Red repr
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5.2. System configurations Dual Hea
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5.2. System configurations in a hot
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5.3. Partial optimization of standa
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Anode recycling (α SPG1 ) 5.3. Par
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5.4. Sensitivity Analysis ηsys,el,
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5.4. Sensitivity Analysis the press
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5.4. Sensitivity Analysis 1. The x-
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5.5 Total optimization of system 5.
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5.5. Total optimization of system i
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5.5. Total optimization of system e
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C H A P T E R 6 CASES AND ECONOMICS
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6.2. High humidity climate BBC Home
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6.2. High humidity climate Figure 6
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6.3. Low humidity climate Figure 6.
Page 189 and 190: 6.4. Economics 6.4 Economics When t
Page 191 and 192: C H A P T E R 7 DISCUSSION In this
Page 193 and 194: 7.1.1 Accuracy and sensitivity 7.1.
Page 195 and 196: 7.2. Economical considerations Furt
Page 197 and 198: 7.2.3 Distributed Generation (DG) D
Page 199 and 200: 7.2. Economical considerations to 6
Page 201 and 202: 7.2. Economical considerations As m
Page 203 and 204: C H A P T E R 8 CONCLUSION System c
Page 205 and 206: For the APU segment a SOFC-ABS syst
Page 207 and 208: C H A P T E R 9 FURTHER WORK Some i
Page 209 and 210: BIBLIOGRAPHY [1] Acfshop.dk: http:/
Page 211 and 212: Bibliography [24] Nordea invest: ht
Page 213: Appendices 187
Page 216 and 217: A. MARKET INVESTIGATION A.1 Market
Page 218 and 219: A. MARKET INVESTIGATION No cost for
Page 220 and 221: Absorpton unit (free waste heat) Pr
Page 222 and 223: A. MARKET INVESTIGATION A.3 CHP app
Page 224 and 225: Absorption Refrigerator RGE 400 fro
Page 226 and 227: Sensitivity analysis The effect on
Page 228 and 229: A. MARKET INVESTIGATION A.4 DG appe
Page 230 and 231: From the "CHP in the Hotel and Casi
Page 232 and 233: Hotel with 230 rooms and 18000 m^2
Page 234 and 235: SOFC + Water Heating (no ABS), Cool
Page 236 and 237: 16000 Pay Back Time: Entire System
Page 238 and 239: SOFC + Water Heating (no ABS), Cool
Page 242 and 243: Assumptions SOFC price = 2650kr/kW
Page 244 and 245: Hot climate Increase (Delta NPV_10)
Page 246 and 247: Prices of absorption cooling units
Page 248 and 249: 1'000'000 900'000 800'000 143'600 7
Page 250 and 251: A. MARKET INVESTIGATION A.6 Gas and
Page 252 and 253: Retail electricity prices Exchange
Page 254 and 255: B. DIAGRAMS AND PLOTS B.1 GAX diagr
Page 256 and 257: B. DIAGRAMS AND PLOTS B.3 Closed ad
Page 258 and 259: B. DIAGRAMS AND PLOTS B.4.2 p-T dia
Page 260 and 261: C. EES Efficiencies SOFC η inver t
Page 262 and 263: C. EES ∆ p;GGHE X 1;c = −1 [kPa
Page 264 and 265: C. EES ˙Q loss;Bur n = 0 [kW ] ˙Q
Page 266 and 267: C. EES SOFC ∆ T ;SOFC ;av = 30 [C
Page 268 and 269: C. EES C.2 Results - Standard param
Page 270 and 271: C. EES 244 DES2 h;o = 42 DES2 i = 7
Page 272 and 273: C. EES SOFC ano;i = 5 SOFC ano;o =
Page 274 and 275: C. EES Point T i p i ṁ i qu i h i
Page 276 and 277: C. EES C.3 Results - Optimized para
Page 278 and 279: C. EES ∆ T ;min;W GHE X 3;w;i = 1
Page 280 and 281: C. EES ˙Q tr ans;W GHE X 3 = 2,752
Page 282 and 283: C. EES Point T i p i ṁ i qu i h i
Page 284 and 285: C. EES C.4 Results - Uncertainty pr
Page 286 and 287: C. EES ∆T ;min;W GHE X 3;w;i = 15
Page 288 and 289: C. EES ∆p;TOW ER1;air ;dr y = 0,1
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C. EES ∆p;GGHE X 1;c = −1 ±
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C. EES C.4.4 ∆p for absorption su
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C. EES C.4.5 ˙Qloss for absorption
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A P P E N D I X D OTHER D.1 Explana
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D.3. Water consumption Hence it is
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A P P E N D I X E OPTIMIZATION GRAP
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E.1. Simulations and Results E.1.2
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E.1. Simulations and Results Figure
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E.1. Simulations and Results Figure
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E.2. Cases E.2 Cases E.2.1 Extreme
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SEG Scandinavian Energy Group Aps.
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8 SPG 1 10 1-α GGHEX1 9 α 7 GGHEX
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1 8 GGHEX1 CH4, in Air, in 21 2 11
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