integration of solid oxide fuel cells and ... - Ea Energianalyse

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SEG Sc<strong>and</strong>inavian Energy Group Aps. Maskinens principopbygning CT4 Gen.’ tryk CT 12 Gen. niveau ’ ’ ’ CT 10 CT 7 ‘ CT 9 CT 6 ’ CT 13 ow switch ‘ ’ Vakuum pumpe CT 2 CT 8 ’ P ‘ ’ Vakuum transmitter CT 1 Ford. niveau ’ Abs. niveau CT 11 ’ Nedblæsningsventil CT 5 ‘ ‘ Kølemiddel pumpe LiBr pumpe CT 3 292 VEGENDALVEJ 18 APS REG. NR. 206388 P.O. BOX 143 SE-NR. 16073105 DK-7700 THISTED BANK: NORDEA A/S PHONE: +45-96 19 53 22 DK-7700 THISTED FAX: +45-96 19 53 23 DENMARK
A P P E N D I X G SYSTEM DIAGRAM The following pages are full size (A3) system diagrams <strong>of</strong> the three system configurations: • Single Stage • Double Stage • Double Stage - Dual Heat 293
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INTEGRATION OF SOLID OXIDE FUEL CEL
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Abstract It is investigated whether
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Preface This report is documentatio
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CONTENTS Preface . . . . . . . . .
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CONTENTS 4.2.3 SOFC stack . . . . .
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CONTENTS A.4 DG appendix . . . . .
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LIST OF FIGURES 4.3 Diagram of sing
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NOMENCLATURE Acronyms Acronym ABS A
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Greek (and other) Symbols Greek (an
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Subscripts Subscripts Subscript 2P
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1. INTRODUCTION Chapter 4, System d
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1. INTRODUCTION the electricity and
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1. INTRODUCTION 1.4 SOFC The fuel c
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1. INTRODUCTION 1.5 Heat driven coo
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1. INTRODUCTION Cycle description.
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1. INTRODUCTION Ammonia-water The C
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1. INTRODUCTION 1.5.3 Platen Munter
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1. INTRODUCTION Open loop In an ope
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1. INTRODUCTION 1.7 Problem stateme
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2. MARKET INVESTIGATION appendix A.
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2. MARKET INVESTIGATION 2.2.2 Ship
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2. MARKET INVESTIGATION Pay Back Ti
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2. MARKET INVESTIGATION 2.3.2 Micro
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2. MARKET INVESTIGATION Sensitivity
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2. MARKET INVESTIGATION • ECH pri
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2. MARKET INVESTIGATION 2.4.3 Resul
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2. MARKET INVESTIGATION 16000 14000
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2. MARKET INVESTIGATION Annuity pri
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2. MARKET INVESTIGATION 2.4.4 Concl
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C H A P T E R 3 COMPONENT DESCRIPTI
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3.1. Introduction The seven stream
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3.2. Absorber - ABSO 3.2 Absorber -
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3.2. Absorber - ABSO implicitly thr
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3.4. Burner - BURN 3.4 Burner - BUR
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3.5. Condenser - COND T [° C ] ΔT
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3.6. Desorber - DES 3.6 Desorber -
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3.7. Evaporator - EVAP 3.7 Evaporat
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3.8. Heat Exchanger - HEX 3.8 Heat
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3.8. Heat Exchanger - HEX The press
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3.10. Pre Reformer - PR 3.10 Pre Re
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3.11. Pump - PUMP 3.11 Pump - PUMP
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3.12. Solid Oxide Fuel Cell - SOFC
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3.14 Cooling Tower - TOWER 3.14. Co
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3.14. Cooling Tower - TOWER tower d
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3.14. Cooling Tower - TOWER The air
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3.15. Expansion valve - VA/VB possi
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4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 8 SPG 10 20 1
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4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION Pre reformer
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4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION which increas
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4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 4.3 Absorptio
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4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 4.3.3 Pumping
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4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION The temperatu
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4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 4.5 Absorptio
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4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 4.6 Cooling T
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4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION (below 100
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4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION as: Ẇ AC =
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4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 4.8 Verificat
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4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION SOFC net effi
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C H A P T E R 5 SIMULATION AND RESU
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5.1. Basic absorption cooling Figur
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5.1. Basic absorption cooling geous
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5.1.3 Changing evaporator temperatu
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5.1. Basic absorption cooling as de
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5.2. System configurations Red repr
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5.2. System configurations Dual Hea
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5.2. System configurations in a hot
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5.3. Partial optimization of standa
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Anode recycling (α SPG1 ) 5.3. Par
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5.4. Sensitivity Analysis ηsys,el,
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5.4. Sensitivity Analysis the press
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5.4. Sensitivity Analysis 1. The x-
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5.5 Total optimization of system 5.
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5.5. Total optimization of system i
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5.5. Total optimization of system e
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C H A P T E R 6 CASES AND ECONOMICS
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6.2. High humidity climate BBC Home
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6.2. High humidity climate Figure 6
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6.3. Low humidity climate Figure 6.
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6.4. Economics 6.4 Economics When t
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C H A P T E R 7 DISCUSSION In this
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7.1.1 Accuracy and sensitivity 7.1.
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7.2. Economical considerations Furt
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7.2.3 Distributed Generation (DG) D
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7.2. Economical considerations to 6
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7.2. Economical considerations As m
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C H A P T E R 8 CONCLUSION System c
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For the APU segment a SOFC-ABS syst
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C H A P T E R 9 FURTHER WORK Some i
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [1] Acfshop.dk: http:/
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Bibliography [24] Nordea invest: ht
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Appendices 187
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A. MARKET INVESTIGATION A.1 Market
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A. MARKET INVESTIGATION No cost for
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Absorpton unit (free waste heat) Pr
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A. MARKET INVESTIGATION A.3 CHP app
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Absorption Refrigerator RGE 400 fro
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Sensitivity analysis The effect on
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A. MARKET INVESTIGATION A.4 DG appe
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From the "CHP in the Hotel and Casi
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Hotel with 230 rooms and 18000 m^2
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SOFC + Water Heating (no ABS), Cool
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16000 Pay Back Time: Entire System
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SOFC + Water Heating (no ABS), Cool
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Hot climate SOFC + ABS + HW vs pure
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Assumptions SOFC price = 2650kr/kW
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Hot climate Increase (Delta NPV_10)
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Prices of absorption cooling units
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1'000'000 900'000 800'000 143'600 7
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A. MARKET INVESTIGATION A.6 Gas and
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Retail electricity prices Exchange
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B. DIAGRAMS AND PLOTS B.1 GAX diagr
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B. DIAGRAMS AND PLOTS B.3 Closed ad
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B. DIAGRAMS AND PLOTS B.4.2 p-T dia
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C. EES Efficiencies SOFC η inver t
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C. EES ∆ p;GGHE X 1;c = −1 [kPa
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C. EES ˙Q loss;Bur n = 0 [kW ] ˙Q
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C. EES SOFC ∆ T ;SOFC ;av = 30 [C
Page 268 and 269: C. EES C.2 Results - Standard param
Page 270 and 271: C. EES 244 DES2 h;o = 42 DES2 i = 7
Page 272 and 273: C. EES SOFC ano;i = 5 SOFC ano;o =
Page 274 and 275: C. EES Point T i p i ṁ i qu i h i
Page 276 and 277: C. EES C.3 Results - Optimized para
Page 278 and 279: C. EES ∆ T ;min;W GHE X 3;w;i = 1
Page 280 and 281: C. EES ˙Q tr ans;W GHE X 3 = 2,752
Page 282 and 283: C. EES Point T i p i ṁ i qu i h i
Page 284 and 285: C. EES C.4 Results - Uncertainty pr
Page 286 and 287: C. EES ∆T ;min;W GHE X 3;w;i = 15
Page 288 and 289: C. EES ∆p;TOW ER1;air ;dr y = 0,1
Page 290 and 291: C. EES ∆p;GGHE X 1;c = −1 ±
Page 292 and 293: C. EES C.4.4 ∆p for absorption su
Page 294 and 295: C. EES C.4.5 ˙Qloss for absorption
Page 297 and 298: A P P E N D I X D OTHER D.1 Explana
Page 299 and 300: D.3. Water consumption Hence it is
Page 301 and 302: A P P E N D I X E OPTIMIZATION GRAP
Page 303 and 304: E.1. Simulations and Results E.1.2
Page 305 and 306: E.1. Simulations and Results Figure
Page 307 and 308: E.1. Simulations and Results Figure
Page 309: E.2. Cases E.2 Cases E.2.1 Extreme
Page 312 and 313: SEG Scandinavian Energy Group Aps.
Page 320 and 321: 8 SPG 1 10 1-α GGHEX1 9 α 7 GGHEX
Page 322: 1 8 GGHEX1 CH4, in Air, in 21 2 11
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