integration of solid oxide fuel cells and ... - Ea Energianalyse

More documents

Recommendations

Info

C. EES C.2 Results - St<strong>and</strong>ard parameter configuration ABSO c;i = 36 ABSO c;o = 37 ABSO r ;i = 54 ABSO s;i = 62 ABSO s;o = 55 AddPreHeat$ = ‘On’ Air Fuel Ratio;m = 92,78 [-] Air Fuel Ratio;n = 8,355 [-] Air i = 11 [-] α SPG1 = 0,62 [-] α SPG2 = 0,0461 [-] ASR = 0,00005542 [ Ω·m 2] α SPL1 = 0,4351 [-] A cell = 0,0228 [ m 2] BLOW 1 i = 11 BLOW 1 o = 12 Bur n i ;1 = 10 [-] Bur n i ;2 = 16 [-] Bur n i ;3 = 0 Bur n o = 18 [-] COND1 c;i = 35 COND1 c;o = 36 COND1 r ;i = 51 COND1 r ;o = 52 COND2 c;i = 33 COND2 c;o = 34 COND2 r ;i = 71 COND2 r ;o = 72 COP ABS = 1,412 [-] COP ABS;f uel = 0,4556 [-] COP ABS;heat = 0,7657 [-] C p M I X L1;o = 1,912 [ k J/kg-K ] C p pump1;i = 1,978 [ k J/kg-K ] C p pump1;o = 1,978 [ k J/kg-K ] C p pump2;i = 2,037 [ k J/kg-K ] C p pump2;o = 2,037 [ k J/kg-K ] C p SHE X 1;hi = 1,912 [ k J/kg-K ] C p SHE X 2;hi = 1,987 [ k J/kg-K ] ∆ h;C HK ;min = 13,63 [ k J/kg ] ∆ Ḣ f uel = 100 ∆ Ḣ i = 100 [kW ] ∆ h;M I X L1;chk = 13,63 [ k J/kg ] ∆ h;V B1;chk = 11,61 [ k J/kg ] ∆ h;V B2;chk = 24,12 [ k J/kg ] ∆ p;ABSO;1 = 0 [kPa] ∆ p;ABSO;2 = 0 [kPa] ∆ p;ABSO;c = 0 [kPa] ∆ p;BURN ;i ;1 = −8 [kPa] ∆ p;BURN ;i ;2 = −1 [kPa] ∆ p;COND1;c = 0 [kPa] ∆ p;COND1;r = 0 [kPa] ∆ p;COND2;c = 0 [kPa] ∆ p;COND2;r = 0 [kPa] ∆ p;DES1;h = 0 [kPa] ∆ p;DES1;r = 0 [kPa] ∆ p;DES1;s = 0 [kPa] ∆ p;DES2;h = 2,776 × 10 −17 [kPa] ∆ p;DES2;r = 0 [kPa] ∆ p;DES2;s = 0 [kPa] ∆ p;EV AP;c = 0 [kPa] ∆ p;EV AP;r = 0 [kPa] ∆ p;GGHE X 1;c = −1 [kPa] ∆ p;GGHE X 1;h = −1 [kPa] ∆ p;GGHE X 2;c = −1 [kPa] ∆ p;GGHE X 2;h = −1 [kPa] ∆ p;GGHE X 3;c = −4 [kPa] ∆ p;GGHE X 3;h = −4 [kPa] ∆ p;GGHE X 4;c = −2 [kPa] ∆ p;GGHE X 4;h = −2 [kPa] ∆ p;M I XG1;i ;1 = −0,1 [kPa] ∆ p;M I XG1;i ;2 = 9,1 [kPa] ∆ p;M I XG2;i ;1 = −0,1 [kPa] ∆ p;M I XG2;i ;2 = −1,1 [kPa] ∆ p;M I X L1;1 = 0 [kPa] ∆ p;M I X L1;2 = 0 [kPa] ∆ p;M I X R1;1 = 0 [kPa] 242
C.2. Results - St<strong>and</strong>ard parameter configuration ∆ p;M I X R1;2 = 0 [kPa] ∆ p;PR = −5 [kPa] ∆ p;PU MP1 = 4,05 [kPa] ∆ p;PU MP2 = 74,44 [kPa] ∆ p;SHE X 1;ss = 0 [kPa] ∆ p;SHE X 1;ws = 0 [kPa] ∆ p;SHE X 2;ss = 0 [kPa] ∆ p;SHE X 2;ws = 0 [kPa] ∆ p;SOFC ;ano = −1 [kPa] ∆ p;SOFC ;cat = −3 [kPa] ∆ p;SPG1;o;1 = −0,1 [kPa] ∆ p;SPG1;o;2 = −0,1 [kPa] ∆ p;SPG2;o;1 = −0,1 [kPa] ∆ p;SPG2;o;2 = −0,1 [kPa] ∆ p;TOW ER1;air = 0,15 [kPa] ∆ p;TOW ER1;air ;dr y = 0,15 [kPa] ∆ p;TOW ER1;air ;wet = 0,15 [kPa] ∆ p;TOW ER1;w = 0 [kPa] ∆ p;W GHE X 1;g = −2 [kPa] ∆ p;W GHE X 1;w = 0 [kPa] ∆ p;W GHE X 2;g = −2 [kPa] ∆ p;W GHE X 2;w = 0 [kPa] ∆ p;W GHE X 3;g = −2 [kPa] ∆ p;W GHE X 3;w = 0 [kPa] ∆ T ;CFG;C HK = 34,17 [C ] ∆ T ;chill;EV AP = 5 [C ] ∆ T ;COND;DES = 54,88 [C ] ∆ T ;c;ABSO = 3,397 [C ] ∆ T ;c;COND1 = 1,498 [C ] ∆ T ;c;COND2 = 5 [C ] ∆ T ;c;TOW ER1 = 5 [C ] ∆ T ;EV AP;ABSO = 20,71 [C ] ∆ T ;h;DES1 = 5 [C ] ∆ T ;h;DES2 = 5 [C ] ∆ T ;min;ABSO;s;o = 5 [C ] ∆ T ;min;COND1;mp = 7,067 [C ] ∆ T ;min;COND1;r ;i = 8,502 [C ] ∆ T ;min;COND1;r ;o = 10 [C ] ∆ T ;min;COND1;r ;o;D = 10 [C ] ∆ T ;min;COND1;r ;o;S = 12,5 [C ] ∆ T ;min;COND2;mp = 10,24 [C ] ∆ T ;min;COND2;r ;i = 66,8 [C ] ∆ T ;min;COND2;r ;o = 15 [C ] ∆ T ;min;DES1;r ;o = 0 [C ] ∆ T ;min;DES2;r ;o = 0 [C ] ∆ T ;min;EV AP;r ;i = 5 [C ] ∆ T ;min;EV AP;r ;o = 10 [C ] ∆ T ;min;GGHE X 1;c;i = 443,1 [C ] ∆ T ;min;GGHE X 1;c;o = 96,12 [C ] ∆ T ;min;GGHE X 2;c;i = 151,6 [C ] ∆ T ;min;GGHE X 2;c;o = 90 [C ] ∆ T ;min;GGHE X 3;c;i = 186,6 [C ] ∆ T ;min;GGHE X 3;c;o = 148,7 [C ] ∆ T ;min;GGHE X 4;c;i = 27,89 [C ] ∆ T ;min;GGHE X 4;c;i ; = 27,89 [C ] ∆ T ;min;GGHE X 4;c;o = 25 [C ] ∆ T ;min;GGHE X 4;c;o; = 25 [C ] ∆ T ;min;SHE X 1;ws;i = 5 [C ] ∆ T ;min;SHE X 1;ws;o = 8,98 [C ] ∆ T ;min;SHE X 2;ws;i = 5 [C ] ∆ T ;min;SHE X 2;ws;o = 13,91 [C ] ∆ T ;min;TOW ER1;a;i ;dr y = 3 [C ] ∆ T ;min;TOW ER1;a;o = 3 [C ] ∆ T ;min;TOW ER1;a;o;dr y = 8 [C ] ∆ T ;min;TOW ER1;a;o;wet = 3 [C ] ∆ T ;min;W GHE X 1;w;i = 15 [C ] ∆ T ;min;W GHE X 1;w;i ; = 15 [C ] ∆ T ;min;W GHE X 1;w;o = 171,6 [C ] ∆ T ;min;W GHE X 1;w;o; = 171,6 [C ] ∆ T ;min;W GHE X 2;w;i = 81,8 [C ] ∆ T ;min;W GHE X 2;w;i ; = 15 [C ] ∆ T ;min;W GHE X 2;w;o = 81,8 [C ] ∆ T ;min;W GHE X 3;w;i = 15 [C ] ∆ T ;min;W GHE X 3;w;o = 17,02 [C ] ∆ T ;SOFC = 90 [C ] ∆ T ;SOFC ;av = 30 [C ] DES1 h;i = 31 DES1 h;o = 32 DES1 i = 58 DES1 r ;o = 50 DES1 s;o = 59 DES2 h;i = 41 243
Page 1:
INTEGRATION OF SOLID OXIDE FUEL CEL
Page 5:
Abstract It is investigated whether
Page 9:
Preface This report is documentatio
Page 12 and 13:
CONTENTS Preface . . . . . . . . .
Page 14 and 15:
CONTENTS 4.2.3 SOFC stack . . . . .
Page 16 and 17:
CONTENTS A.4 DG appendix . . . . .
Page 18 and 19:
LIST OF FIGURES 4.3 Diagram of sing
Page 21 and 22:
NOMENCLATURE Acronyms Acronym ABS A
Page 23 and 24:
Greek (and other) Symbols Greek (an
Page 25:
Subscripts Subscripts Subscript 2P
Page 28 and 29:
1. INTRODUCTION Chapter 4, System d
Page 30 and 31:
1. INTRODUCTION the electricity and
Page 32 and 33:
1. INTRODUCTION 1.4 SOFC The fuel c
Page 34 and 35:
1. INTRODUCTION 1.5 Heat driven coo
Page 36 and 37:
1. INTRODUCTION Cycle description.
Page 38 and 39:
1. INTRODUCTION Ammonia-water The C
Page 40 and 41:
1. INTRODUCTION 1.5.3 Platen Munter
Page 42 and 43:
1. INTRODUCTION Open loop In an ope
Page 44 and 45:
1. INTRODUCTION 1.7 Problem stateme
Page 46 and 47:
2. MARKET INVESTIGATION appendix A.
Page 48 and 49:
2. MARKET INVESTIGATION 2.2.2 Ship
Page 50 and 51:
2. MARKET INVESTIGATION Pay Back Ti
Page 52 and 53:
2. MARKET INVESTIGATION 2.3.2 Micro
Page 54 and 55:
2. MARKET INVESTIGATION Sensitivity
Page 56 and 57:
2. MARKET INVESTIGATION • ECH pri
Page 58 and 59:
2. MARKET INVESTIGATION 2.4.3 Resul
Page 60 and 61:
2. MARKET INVESTIGATION 16000 14000
Page 62 and 63:
2. MARKET INVESTIGATION Annuity pri
Page 64 and 65:
2. MARKET INVESTIGATION 2.4.4 Concl
Page 67 and 68:
C H A P T E R 3 COMPONENT DESCRIPTI
Page 69 and 70:
3.1. Introduction The seven stream
Page 71 and 72:
3.2. Absorber - ABSO 3.2 Absorber -
Page 73 and 74:
3.2. Absorber - ABSO implicitly thr
Page 75 and 76:
3.4. Burner - BURN 3.4 Burner - BUR
Page 77 and 78:
3.5. Condenser - COND T [° C ] ΔT
Page 79 and 80:
3.6. Desorber - DES 3.6 Desorber -
Page 81 and 82:
3.7. Evaporator - EVAP 3.7 Evaporat
Page 83 and 84:
3.8. Heat Exchanger - HEX 3.8 Heat
Page 85 and 86:
3.8. Heat Exchanger - HEX The press
Page 87 and 88:
3.10. Pre Reformer - PR 3.10 Pre Re
Page 89 and 90:
3.11. Pump - PUMP 3.11 Pump - PUMP
Page 91 and 92:
3.12. Solid Oxide Fuel Cell - SOFC
Page 93 and 94:
Page 95 and 96:
Page 97 and 98:
3.14 Cooling Tower - TOWER 3.14. Co
Page 99 and 100:
3.14. Cooling Tower - TOWER tower d
Page 101 and 102:
3.14. Cooling Tower - TOWER The air
Page 103:
3.15. Expansion valve - VA/VB possi
Page 106 and 107:
4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 8 SPG 10 20 1
Page 108 and 109:
4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION Pre reformer
Page 110 and 111:
4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION which increas
Page 112 and 113:
4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 4.3 Absorptio
Page 114 and 115:
4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 4.3.3 Pumping
Page 116 and 117:
4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION The temperatu
Page 118 and 119:
4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 4.5 Absorptio
Page 120 and 121:
4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 4.6 Cooling T
Page 122 and 123:
4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION (below 100
Page 124 and 125:
4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION as: Ẇ AC =
Page 126 and 127:
4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 4.8 Verificat
Page 128 and 129:
4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION SOFC net effi
Page 131 and 132:
C H A P T E R 5 SIMULATION AND RESU
Page 133 and 134:
5.1. Basic absorption cooling Figur
Page 135 and 136:
5.1. Basic absorption cooling geous
Page 137 and 138:
5.1.3 Changing evaporator temperatu
Page 139 and 140:
5.1. Basic absorption cooling as de
Page 141 and 142:
5.2. System configurations Red repr
Page 143 and 144:
5.2. System configurations Dual Hea
Page 145 and 146:
5.2. System configurations in a hot
Page 147 and 148:
5.3. Partial optimization of standa
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
Anode recycling (α SPG1 ) 5.3. Par
Page 157 and 158:
Page 159 and 160:
Page 161 and 162:
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170:
5.4. Sensitivity Analysis ηsys,el,
Page 171 and 172:
5.4. Sensitivity Analysis the press
Page 173 and 174:
5.4. Sensitivity Analysis 1. The x-
Page 175 and 176:
5.5 Total optimization of system 5.
Page 177 and 178:
5.5. Total optimization of system i
Page 179 and 180:
5.5. Total optimization of system e
Page 181 and 182:
C H A P T E R 6 CASES AND ECONOMICS
Page 183 and 184:
6.2. High humidity climate BBC Home
Page 185 and 186:
6.2. High humidity climate Figure 6
Page 187 and 188:
6.3. Low humidity climate Figure 6.
Page 189 and 190:
6.4. Economics 6.4 Economics When t
Page 191 and 192:
C H A P T E R 7 DISCUSSION In this
Page 193 and 194:
7.1.1 Accuracy and sensitivity 7.1.
Page 195 and 196:
7.2. Economical considerations Furt
Page 197 and 198:
7.2.3 Distributed Generation (DG) D
Page 199 and 200:
7.2. Economical considerations to 6
Page 201 and 202:
7.2. Economical considerations As m
Page 203 and 204:
C H A P T E R 8 CONCLUSION System c
Page 205 and 206:
For the APU segment a SOFC-ABS syst
Page 207 and 208:
C H A P T E R 9 FURTHER WORK Some i
Page 209 and 210:
BIBLIOGRAPHY [1] Acfshop.dk: http:/
Page 211 and 212:
Bibliography [24] Nordea invest: ht
Page 213:
Appendices 187
Page 216 and 217:
A. MARKET INVESTIGATION A.1 Market
Page 218 and 219: A. MARKET INVESTIGATION No cost for
Page 220 and 221: Absorpton unit (free waste heat) Pr
Page 222 and 223: A. MARKET INVESTIGATION A.3 CHP app
Page 224 and 225: Absorption Refrigerator RGE 400 fro
Page 226 and 227: Sensitivity analysis The effect on
Page 228 and 229: A. MARKET INVESTIGATION A.4 DG appe
Page 230 and 231: From the "CHP in the Hotel and Casi
Page 232 and 233: Hotel with 230 rooms and 18000 m^2
Page 234 and 235: SOFC + Water Heating (no ABS), Cool
Page 236 and 237: 16000 Pay Back Time: Entire System
Page 238 and 239: SOFC + Water Heating (no ABS), Cool
Page 240 and 241: Hot climate SOFC + ABS + HW vs pure
Page 242 and 243: Assumptions SOFC price = 2650kr/kW
Page 244 and 245: Hot climate Increase (Delta NPV_10)
Page 246 and 247: Prices of absorption cooling units
Page 248 and 249: 1'000'000 900'000 800'000 143'600 7
Page 250 and 251: A. MARKET INVESTIGATION A.6 Gas and
Page 252 and 253: Retail electricity prices Exchange
Page 254 and 255: B. DIAGRAMS AND PLOTS B.1 GAX diagr
Page 256 and 257: B. DIAGRAMS AND PLOTS B.3 Closed ad
Page 258 and 259: B. DIAGRAMS AND PLOTS B.4.2 p-T dia
Page 260 and 261: C. EES Efficiencies SOFC η inver t
Page 262 and 263: C. EES ∆ p;GGHE X 1;c = −1 [kPa
Page 264 and 265: C. EES ˙Q loss;Bur n = 0 [kW ] ˙Q
Page 266 and 267: C. EES SOFC ∆ T ;SOFC ;av = 30 [C
Page 270 and 271: C. EES 244 DES2 h;o = 42 DES2 i = 7
Page 272 and 273: C. EES SOFC ano;i = 5 SOFC ano;o =
Page 274 and 275: C. EES Point T i p i ṁ i qu i h i
Page 276 and 277: C. EES C.3 Results - Optimized para
Page 278 and 279: C. EES ∆ T ;min;W GHE X 3;w;i = 1
Page 280 and 281: C. EES ˙Q tr ans;W GHE X 3 = 2,752
Page 282 and 283: C. EES Point T i p i ṁ i qu i h i
Page 284 and 285: C. EES C.4 Results - Uncertainty pr
Page 286 and 287: C. EES ∆T ;min;W GHE X 3;w;i = 15
Page 288 and 289: C. EES ∆p;TOW ER1;air ;dr y = 0,1
Page 290 and 291: C. EES ∆p;GGHE X 1;c = −1 ±
Page 292 and 293: C. EES C.4.4 ∆p for absorption su
Page 294 and 295: C. EES C.4.5 ˙Qloss for absorption
Page 297 and 298: A P P E N D I X D OTHER D.1 Explana
Page 299 and 300: D.3. Water consumption Hence it is
Page 301 and 302: A P P E N D I X E OPTIMIZATION GRAP
Page 303 and 304: E.1. Simulations and Results E.1.2
Page 305 and 306: E.1. Simulations and Results Figure
Page 307 and 308: E.1. Simulations and Results Figure
Page 309: E.2. Cases E.2 Cases E.2.1 Extreme
Page 312 and 313: SEG Scandinavian Energy Group Aps.
Page 318 and 319:
SEG Scandinavian Energy Group Aps.
Page 320 and 321:
8 SPG 1 10 1-α GGHEX1 9 α 7 GGHEX
Page 322:
1 8 GGHEX1 CH4, in Air, in 21 2 11
show all

integration of solid oxide fuel cells and ... - Ea Energianalyse

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?