integration of solid oxide fuel cells and ... - Ea Energianalyse

More documents

Recommendations

Info

C. EES ∆ T ;min;W GHE X 3;w;i = 15 [C ] ∆ T ;min;W GHE X 3;w;o = 3,673 [C ] ∆ T ;SOFC = 90 [C ] ∆ T ;SOFC ;av = 30 [C ] DES1 h;i = 31 DES1 h;o = 32 DES1 i = 58 DES1 r ;o = 50 DES1 s;o = 59 DES2 h;i = 41 DES2 h;o = 42 DES2 i = 78 DES2 r ;o = 70 DES2 s;o = 79 EB SOFC ;sys = −9,261 [kW ] EB tot = −0,00000 [kW ] ɛ ABSO = 0,6516 [-] ɛ COND1;2P = 0,2988 [-] ɛ COND1;SH = −1,906 × 10 −13 [-] ɛ COND2;2P = 0,3195 [-] ɛ COND2;SH = 0,8332 [-] ɛ DES1 = 1 [-] ɛ DES2 = 1 [-] ɛ EV AP = 0,6502 [-] ɛ GGHE X 1 = 0,7499 [-] ɛ GGHE X 1;c = 0,7499 [-] ɛ GGHE X 1;h = 0,1299 [-] ɛ GGHE X 2 = 0,7499 [-] ɛ GGHE X 2;c = 0,7499 [-] ɛ GGHE X 2;h = 0,6352 [-] ɛ GGHE X 3 = 0,6539 [-] ɛ GGHE X 3;c = 0,6539 [-] ɛ GGHE X 3;h = 0,6145 [-] ɛ GGHE X 4 = 0,892 [-] ɛ GGHE X 4;c = 0,892 [-] ɛ GGHE X 4;c; = 0,892 [-] ɛ GGHE X 4;h = 0,8457 [-] ɛ GGHE X 4;h; = 0,8457 [-] ɛ M AX = 0,9558 [-] ɛ SHE X 1 = 0,8644 [-] ɛ SHE X 1;ss = 0,8644 [-] ɛ SHE X 1;ws = 0,7803 [-] ɛ SHE X 2 = 0,9339 [-] ɛ SHE X 2;s = 0,9339 [-] ɛ SHE X 2;ws = 0,7887 [-] ɛ W GHE X 1 = 0,9558 [-] ɛ W GHE X 1;g = 0,9558 [-] ɛ W GHE X 1;g ; = 0,9558 [-] ɛ W GHE X 1;w = 0,01472 [-] ɛ W GHE X 1;w; = 0,01472 [-] ɛ W GHE X 2 = 4,542 × 10 −10 [-] ɛ W GHE X 2;g = 4,542 × 10 −10 [-] ɛ W GHE X 2;w = 1,849 × 10 −15 [-] ɛ W GHE X 3 = 0,905 [-] ɛ W GHE X 3;g = 0,6121 [-] ɛ W GHE X 3;w = 0,905 [-] η blower ;TOW ER1 = 0,4 [-] η HW = 0,02752 [-] η inver t = 0,95 [-] η i s;BLOW 1 = 0,6 [-] η PU MP1 = 0,5 [-] η PU MP2 = 0,5 [-] η SOFC ;el ;SOLO = 0,5243 [-] η sys;el ;net = 0,4996 [-] η sys;tot = 1,114 [-] η wb;TOW ER1 = 0,75 [-] EV AP c;i = 48 EV AP c;o = 49 EV AP r ;i = 53 EV AP r ;o = 54 F R = 0,14 [-] FuelBP Ratio = 0 Fuel i = 1 FW = 0,6 [-] GGHE X 1 c;i = 1 GGHE X 1 c;o = 2 GGHE X 1 h;i = 7 GGHE X 1 h;o = 8 GGHE X 2 c;i = 4 GGHE X 2 c;o = 5 GGHE X 2 h;i = 6 GGHE X 2 h;o = 7 252
C.3. Results - Optimized parameter configuration GGHE X 3 c;i = 13 GGHE X 3 c;o = 14 GGHE X 3 h;i = 19 GGHE X 3 h;o = 20 GGHE X 4 c;i = 12 GGHE X 4 c;o = 13 GGHE X 4 h;i = 22 GGHE X 4 h;o = 23 I = 61,56 [A] input1 = 70 input2 = 77 input3 = 79 i d = 2700 [ A/m 2] K W GS = 1,139 [-] λ Bur n;i = 1,5 [-] λ SOFC ;i = 2,321 [-] λ SOFC ;o = 4,037 [-] LG r atio;TOW ER1 = 0,6473 [-] M I XG1 i ;1 = 2 M I XG1 i ;2 = 9 M I XG1 o = 3 M I XG2 i ;1 = 18 M I XG2 i ;2 = 17 M I XG2 o = 19 M I X L1 i ;1 = 59 M I X L1 i ;2 = 82 M I X L1 o = 60 M I X R1 i ;1 = 50 M I X R1 i ;2 = 73 M I X R1 o = 51 ṁ bur n;add = 0 ṁ i = 0,001999 [ kg /s ] ṁ tr ans;TOW ER1 = 0,06077 [ kg /s ] n cell = 60 [-] n st ack = 20,15 [-] OC r atio = 1,919 [-] out put1 = 71 out put2 = 78 out put3 = 80 PR i = 3 PR o = 4 PU MP1 i = 55 PU MP1 o = 56 PU MP2 i = 75 PU MP2 o = 76 p re f = 100 [kPa] ˙Q air ; = 108,5 [kW ] ˙Q Chill;EV AP = 58,72 [kW ] ˙Q c;ABSO = 67,99 [kW ] ˙Q c;COND1 = 30,31 [kW ] ˙Q c;COND2 = 33,01 [kW ] ˙Q c;TOW ER1 = 98,3 [kW ] ˙Q Heat;DES1 = 33,01 [kW ] ˙Q Heat;DES2 = 39,57 [kW ] ˙Q HW = 2,752 [kW ] ˙Q hw; = 2,752 [kW ] ˙Q loss;ABSO = 0 [kW ] ˙Q loss;BLOW 1 = 0 [kW ] ˙Q loss;Bur n = 0 [kW ] ˙Q loss;COND1 = 0 [kW ] ˙Q loss;COND2 = 0 [kW ] ˙Q loss;DES1 = 0 [kW ] ˙Q loss;DES2 = 0 [kW ] ˙Q loss;EV AP = 0 [kW ] ˙Q loss;PR = 0 [kW ] ˙Q loss;PU MP1 = 0 [kW ] ˙Q loss;PU MP2 = 0 [kW ] ˙Q loss;SHE X 1 = 0 [kW ] ˙Q loss;SHE X 2 = 0 [kW ] ˙Q loss;SOFC = 0 [kW ] ˙Q loss;V A1 = 0 [kW ] ˙Q loss;V A2 = 0 [kW ] ˙Q loss;V B1 = 0 [kW ] ˙Q loss;V B2 = 0 [kW ] ˙Q loss;W GHE X 1 = 0 [kW ] ˙Q loss;W GHE X 2 = 0 [kW ] ˙Q loss;W GHE X 3 = 0 [kW ] ˙Q loss;W W HE X 1 = 0 [kW ] ˙Q tr ans;SHE X 1 = 18,95 [kW ] ˙Q tr ans;SHE X 2 = 15,38 [kW ] ˙Q tr ans;W GHE X 1 = 39,57 [kW ] ˙Q tr ans;W GHE X 2 = 0 [kW ] 253
Page 1:
INTEGRATION OF SOLID OXIDE FUEL CEL
Page 5:
Abstract It is investigated whether
Page 9:
Preface This report is documentatio
Page 12 and 13:
CONTENTS Preface . . . . . . . . .
Page 14 and 15:
CONTENTS 4.2.3 SOFC stack . . . . .
Page 16 and 17:
CONTENTS A.4 DG appendix . . . . .
Page 18 and 19:
LIST OF FIGURES 4.3 Diagram of sing
Page 21 and 22:
NOMENCLATURE Acronyms Acronym ABS A
Page 23 and 24:
Greek (and other) Symbols Greek (an
Page 25:
Subscripts Subscripts Subscript 2P
Page 28 and 29:
1. INTRODUCTION Chapter 4, System d
Page 30 and 31:
1. INTRODUCTION the electricity and
Page 32 and 33:
1. INTRODUCTION 1.4 SOFC The fuel c
Page 34 and 35:
1. INTRODUCTION 1.5 Heat driven coo
Page 36 and 37:
1. INTRODUCTION Cycle description.
Page 38 and 39:
1. INTRODUCTION Ammonia-water The C
Page 40 and 41:
1. INTRODUCTION 1.5.3 Platen Munter
Page 42 and 43:
1. INTRODUCTION Open loop In an ope
Page 44 and 45:
1. INTRODUCTION 1.7 Problem stateme
Page 46 and 47:
2. MARKET INVESTIGATION appendix A.
Page 48 and 49:
2. MARKET INVESTIGATION 2.2.2 Ship
Page 50 and 51:
2. MARKET INVESTIGATION Pay Back Ti
Page 52 and 53:
2. MARKET INVESTIGATION 2.3.2 Micro
Page 54 and 55:
2. MARKET INVESTIGATION Sensitivity
Page 56 and 57:
2. MARKET INVESTIGATION • ECH pri
Page 58 and 59:
2. MARKET INVESTIGATION 2.4.3 Resul
Page 60 and 61:
2. MARKET INVESTIGATION 16000 14000
Page 62 and 63:
2. MARKET INVESTIGATION Annuity pri
Page 64 and 65:
2. MARKET INVESTIGATION 2.4.4 Concl
Page 67 and 68:
C H A P T E R 3 COMPONENT DESCRIPTI
Page 69 and 70:
3.1. Introduction The seven stream
Page 71 and 72:
3.2. Absorber - ABSO 3.2 Absorber -
Page 73 and 74:
3.2. Absorber - ABSO implicitly thr
Page 75 and 76:
3.4. Burner - BURN 3.4 Burner - BUR
Page 77 and 78:
3.5. Condenser - COND T [° C ] ΔT
Page 79 and 80:
3.6. Desorber - DES 3.6 Desorber -
Page 81 and 82:
3.7. Evaporator - EVAP 3.7 Evaporat
Page 83 and 84:
3.8. Heat Exchanger - HEX 3.8 Heat
Page 85 and 86:
3.8. Heat Exchanger - HEX The press
Page 87 and 88:
3.10. Pre Reformer - PR 3.10 Pre Re
Page 89 and 90:
3.11. Pump - PUMP 3.11 Pump - PUMP
Page 91 and 92:
3.12. Solid Oxide Fuel Cell - SOFC
Page 93 and 94:
Page 95 and 96:
Page 97 and 98:
3.14 Cooling Tower - TOWER 3.14. Co
Page 99 and 100:
3.14. Cooling Tower - TOWER tower d
Page 101 and 102:
3.14. Cooling Tower - TOWER The air
Page 103:
3.15. Expansion valve - VA/VB possi
Page 106 and 107:
4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 8 SPG 10 20 1
Page 108 and 109:
4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION Pre reformer
Page 110 and 111:
4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION which increas
Page 112 and 113:
4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 4.3 Absorptio
Page 114 and 115:
4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 4.3.3 Pumping
Page 116 and 117:
4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION The temperatu
Page 118 and 119:
4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 4.5 Absorptio
Page 120 and 121:
4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 4.6 Cooling T
Page 122 and 123:
4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION (below 100
Page 124 and 125:
4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION as: Ẇ AC =
Page 126 and 127:
4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 4.8 Verificat
Page 128 and 129:
4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION SOFC net effi
Page 131 and 132:
C H A P T E R 5 SIMULATION AND RESU
Page 133 and 134:
5.1. Basic absorption cooling Figur
Page 135 and 136:
5.1. Basic absorption cooling geous
Page 137 and 138:
5.1.3 Changing evaporator temperatu
Page 139 and 140:
5.1. Basic absorption cooling as de
Page 141 and 142:
5.2. System configurations Red repr
Page 143 and 144:
5.2. System configurations Dual Hea
Page 145 and 146:
5.2. System configurations in a hot
Page 147 and 148:
5.3. Partial optimization of standa
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
Anode recycling (α SPG1 ) 5.3. Par
Page 157 and 158:
Page 159 and 160:
Page 161 and 162:
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170:
5.4. Sensitivity Analysis ηsys,el,
Page 171 and 172:
5.4. Sensitivity Analysis the press
Page 173 and 174:
5.4. Sensitivity Analysis 1. The x-
Page 175 and 176:
5.5 Total optimization of system 5.
Page 177 and 178:
5.5. Total optimization of system i
Page 179 and 180:
5.5. Total optimization of system e
Page 181 and 182:
C H A P T E R 6 CASES AND ECONOMICS
Page 183 and 184:
6.2. High humidity climate BBC Home
Page 185 and 186:
6.2. High humidity climate Figure 6
Page 187 and 188:
6.3. Low humidity climate Figure 6.
Page 189 and 190:
6.4. Economics 6.4 Economics When t
Page 191 and 192:
C H A P T E R 7 DISCUSSION In this
Page 193 and 194:
7.1.1 Accuracy and sensitivity 7.1.
Page 195 and 196:
7.2. Economical considerations Furt
Page 197 and 198:
7.2.3 Distributed Generation (DG) D
Page 199 and 200:
7.2. Economical considerations to 6
Page 201 and 202:
7.2. Economical considerations As m
Page 203 and 204:
C H A P T E R 8 CONCLUSION System c
Page 205 and 206:
For the APU segment a SOFC-ABS syst
Page 207 and 208:
C H A P T E R 9 FURTHER WORK Some i
Page 209 and 210:
BIBLIOGRAPHY [1] Acfshop.dk: http:/
Page 211 and 212:
Bibliography [24] Nordea invest: ht
Page 213:
Appendices 187
Page 216 and 217:
A. MARKET INVESTIGATION A.1 Market
Page 218 and 219:
A. MARKET INVESTIGATION No cost for
Page 220 and 221:
Absorpton unit (free waste heat) Pr
Page 222 and 223:
A. MARKET INVESTIGATION A.3 CHP app
Page 224 and 225:
Absorption Refrigerator RGE 400 fro
Page 226 and 227:
Sensitivity analysis The effect on
Page 228 and 229: A. MARKET INVESTIGATION A.4 DG appe
Page 230 and 231: From the "CHP in the Hotel and Casi
Page 232 and 233: Hotel with 230 rooms and 18000 m^2
Page 234 and 235: SOFC + Water Heating (no ABS), Cool
Page 236 and 237: 16000 Pay Back Time: Entire System
Page 238 and 239: SOFC + Water Heating (no ABS), Cool
Page 240 and 241: Hot climate SOFC + ABS + HW vs pure
Page 242 and 243: Assumptions SOFC price = 2650kr/kW
Page 244 and 245: Hot climate Increase (Delta NPV_10)
Page 246 and 247: Prices of absorption cooling units
Page 248 and 249: 1'000'000 900'000 800'000 143'600 7
Page 250 and 251: A. MARKET INVESTIGATION A.6 Gas and
Page 252 and 253: Retail electricity prices Exchange
Page 254 and 255: B. DIAGRAMS AND PLOTS B.1 GAX diagr
Page 256 and 257: B. DIAGRAMS AND PLOTS B.3 Closed ad
Page 258 and 259: B. DIAGRAMS AND PLOTS B.4.2 p-T dia
Page 260 and 261: C. EES Efficiencies SOFC η inver t
Page 262 and 263: C. EES ∆ p;GGHE X 1;c = −1 [kPa
Page 264 and 265: C. EES ˙Q loss;Bur n = 0 [kW ] ˙Q
Page 266 and 267: C. EES SOFC ∆ T ;SOFC ;av = 30 [C
Page 268 and 269: C. EES C.2 Results - Standard param
Page 270 and 271: C. EES 244 DES2 h;o = 42 DES2 i = 7
Page 272 and 273: C. EES SOFC ano;i = 5 SOFC ano;o =
Page 274 and 275: C. EES Point T i p i ṁ i qu i h i
Page 276 and 277: C. EES C.3 Results - Optimized para
Page 280 and 281: C. EES ˙Q tr ans;W GHE X 3 = 2,752
Page 282 and 283: C. EES Point T i p i ṁ i qu i h i
Page 284 and 285: C. EES C.4 Results - Uncertainty pr
Page 286 and 287: C. EES ∆T ;min;W GHE X 3;w;i = 15
Page 288 and 289: C. EES ∆p;TOW ER1;air ;dr y = 0,1
Page 290 and 291: C. EES ∆p;GGHE X 1;c = −1 ±
Page 292 and 293: C. EES C.4.4 ∆p for absorption su
Page 294 and 295: C. EES C.4.5 ˙Qloss for absorption
Page 297 and 298: A P P E N D I X D OTHER D.1 Explana
Page 299 and 300: D.3. Water consumption Hence it is
Page 301 and 302: A P P E N D I X E OPTIMIZATION GRAP
Page 303 and 304: E.1. Simulations and Results E.1.2
Page 305 and 306: E.1. Simulations and Results Figure
Page 307 and 308: E.1. Simulations and Results Figure
Page 309: E.2. Cases E.2 Cases E.2.1 Extreme
Page 312 and 313: SEG Scandinavian Energy Group Aps.
Page 320 and 321: 8 SPG 1 10 1-α GGHEX1 9 α 7 GGHEX
Page 322: 1 8 GGHEX1 CH4, in Air, in 21 2 11
show all

integration of solid oxide fuel cells and ... - Ea Energianalyse

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?