69249454-chandler-semiotics

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APPENDIX 233 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8222 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 20 1222 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 30 1 2 3 4 5 6 7222 world. Poststructuralist theorists include Derrida, Foucault, the later Lacan, Kristeva and the later Barthes. Prague school This influential structuralist and functionalist group of linguists/semioticians was established in 1926 in Prague by Czech and Russian linguists. Principal members of this group included: Vilem Mathesius (1882–1946), Bohuslav Havránek (1893–1978), Sergei Karcevski (1884–1955), Jan Mukarovsky (1891–1975), Nikolai Trubetzkoy (1890–1938) and Jakobson. It was functionalist in analysing semiotic systems in relation to social functions such as communication rather than treating them purely as autonomous forms (in contrast to Saussure and Hjelmslev). While they are known for their identification of the ‘distinctive features’ of language, these theorists also explored culture and aesthetics. Propp, Vladimir* (1895–1970) Russian narrative theorist best known for his influential book, The Morphology of the Folktale (1928). Saussure, Ferdinand de (1857–1913) Swiss-born founder of modern linguistics. Founder of the structuralist tradition of semiology who envisaged it as ‘a science which studies the role of signs as part of social life’. Sebeok, Thomas (1920–2001) was an American linguist, anthropologist and semiotician who worked within the Peircean semiotic tradition of ‘the doctrine of signs’, rejecting the linguistic tradition of Saussure as ‘the minor tradition’. He was initially influenced by Jakobson and Morris. He had a particular interest in animal communication, for which he introduced the term zoo<strong>semiotics</strong>. Shklovsky,Victor See Moscow school. structuralism The primary concern of the structuralists is with relational systems or structures which are seen as ‘languages’. Structuralists search for ‘deep structures’ underlying the surface features of phenomena (such as language, society, thought and behaviour). Their analysis of texts and cultural practices seeks to delineate underlying codes and rules by comparing those perceived as belonging to the same system (e.g. a genre) and identifying invariant constituent units. The structuralists include:
234 APPENDIX Saussure, Lévi-Strauss, Hjelmslev and the Copenhagen school, Jakobson and the Prague and Moscow schools, Greimas and the Paris school, Metz, Lotman, the early Barthes and the early Lacan. Tartu school What is sometimes called the Moscow–Tartu school was founded in the 1960s by Lotman. Trubetzkoy, Nikolai See Prague school. Tynyanov, Yuri See Moscow school. Voloshinov, Valentin N.* (1884/5–1936) Russian linguist who probably wrote Marxism and the Philosophy of Language (published in 1929) – which included a strident materialist critique of Saussure’s exclusion of the social, the historical and the ideological. Authorship is contested: it may actually have been written by (or at least heavily influenced by) Mikhail Bakhtin (1895–1975). Whorf, Benjamin Lee* (1897–1941) American linguist who, with the linguist Edward Sapir (1884–1939), developed the ‘Sapir–Whorf hypothesis’ of linguistic relativity and linguistic determinism.
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viii CONTENTS Iconic mode 40 Indexi
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PREFACE xv 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8222 9 10
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INTRODUCTION 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8222 9
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INTRODUCTION 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8222 9
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INTRODUCTION 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8222 9
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INTRODUCTION 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8222
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14 SEMIOTICS: THE BASICS THE SAUSSU
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40 SEMIOTICS: THE BASICS ICONIC MOD
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42 SEMIOTICS: THE BASICS represent
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44 SEMIOTICS: THE BASICS 1988, 1-3)
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46 SEMIOTICS: THE BASICS ‘fixing
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48 SEMIOTICS: THE BASICS (which sti
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50 SEMIOTICS: THE BASICS From a sem
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54 SEMIOTICS: THE BASICS poststruct
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56 SEMIOTICS: THE BASICS forms of r
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SIGNS AND THINGS 61 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
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ANALYSING STRUCTURES 85 1 2 3 4 5 6
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ANALYSING STRUCTURES 101 1 2 3 4 5
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126 SEMIOTICS: THE BASICS idealism
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128 SEMIOTICS: THE BASICS the sound
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140 SEMIOTICS: THE BASICS signifier
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144 SEMIOTICS: THE BASICS of innoce
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CODES 149 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8222 9 10 1
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176 SEMIOTICS: THE BASICS FIGURE 6.
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180 SEMIOTICS: THE BASICS print mor
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Page 259 and 260: 240 GOING FURTHER Thibault 1997, Do
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INDEX 295 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8222 9 10 1
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