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2000115-Strengthening-Communities-with-Neighborhood-Data

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312 <strong>Strengthening</strong> <strong>Communities</strong> <strong>with</strong> <strong>Neighborhood</strong> <strong>Data</strong><br />

2009; Torrens 2010). These developments will be important to enhancing<br />

the field’s ability to fully evaluate programs and policies that target<br />

neighborhood conditions, residential choices, and behavioral outcomes<br />

<strong>with</strong>in metropolitan areas.<br />

Finally, the current institutional infrastructure and communication<br />

channels do not maximize the synergy and practical impact of emerging<br />

methodological developments. The work on new analysis techniques and<br />

tools has come out of universities, think tanks, governments, and local<br />

intermediaries working <strong>with</strong> neighborhood data; the effort involves individuals<br />

from many scientific disciplines, policy arenas, and practice areas.<br />

In some ways this breadth and diversity of perspectives have contributed<br />

to an openness and vitality in the enterprise. At the same time, however,<br />

it is tough for anyone to keep track of the many developments that might<br />

be useful on the ground. Moreover, there are few venues in which the<br />

individuals involved broadly in the applications of these methods meet<br />

and exchange ideas. Importantly, the conversations tend to occur <strong>with</strong>in<br />

substantive areas, scientific disciplines, or practice communities. Yet there<br />

are many potential points of connection across the spheres that are not<br />

being made. Moving forward on the opportunities and challenges identified<br />

in this chapter will require a new network that fosters methodological<br />

development in the community information field; such changes are<br />

detailed in our recommendations in chapter 8.<br />

References<br />

Allard, S. W., D. Rosen, and R. M. Tolman. 2003. “Access to Mental Health and Substance<br />

Abuse Services among Women Receiving Welfare in Detroit.” Urban Affairs Review<br />

38 (6): 787–807.<br />

Bania, N., l. Leete, and C. J. Coulton. 2008. “Job Access, Employment and Earnings: Outcomes<br />

for Welfare Leavers in a US Urban Labour Market.” Urban Studies 45 (11):<br />

2179–2202.<br />

Bingenheimer, J. B., and S. W. Raudenbush. 2004. “Statistical and Substantive Inferences<br />

in Public Health: Issues in the Application of Multilevel Models.” Annual Review of<br />

Public Health 25 (1): 53–77.<br />

Bloom, H. S. 2005. “Randomizing Groups to Evaluate Place-Based Programs.” In Learning<br />

More from Social Experiments: Evolving Analytic Approaches, edited by H. S. Bloom<br />

(115–72). New York: Russell Sage Foundation.<br />

Bloom, H. S., and J. A. Riccio. 2005. “Using Place-Based Random Assignment and Comparative<br />

Interrupted Time-Series Analysis to Evaluate the Jobs-Plus Employment<br />

Program for Public Housing Residents.” Annals of the American Academy of Political<br />

and Social Science 599 (1): 19–51.

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