WATERING THE NEIGHBOUR'S GARDEN: THE GROWING - CICRED

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14 I. ATTANÉ – C.Z. GUILMOTO tion of active discrimination against daughters. Singapore is a particularly appropriate setting for such a study for two reasons, its statistical apparatus and its ethnic composition. Singapore’s data are in fact extremely reliable as the availability of annual series of vital statistics show. While being mostly of Chinese ancestry, its population also includes large Malay and Indian minorities. Her analysis shows however that while Singapore meets two main preconditions for daughter discrimination–rapid fertility decline and strong son-preference–, the sex ratio at birth has varied far less over time than in countries such as China, India or South Korea. The author concludes that even if Singapore has not experienced a rise in sex ratio similar to that observed elsewhere, the question of deliberate daughter discrimination remains partly unresolved. Sex imbalance varies widely across subpopulations within a country or between provinces and social groups and these differentials often point to the social, economic or cultural factors behind the process of gender discrimination. The fact that some groups– characterized by specific religious, socioeconomic or ethnic features– have clearly been at the forefront of rising sex ratios allows a better understanding of the factors behind the growing discrimination against girls. However, very few comprehensive analyses are available to understand the masculinization process and its determinants. Chapters brought together in part 2 of this book investigate more systematically the social, economic or cultural factors likely to influence female discrimination. They attempt to go beyond available data in their usual format to submit them to more intensive cartographic or statistical analysis. In the first chapter included in this part–“The geography of deteriorating child sex ratio in China and India”–, Christophe Z Guilmoto and Isabelle Attané provide first a comparative analysis of fertility change and policies in both countries. They then examine the geographies of sex ratio differentials, which happen to be rather dissimilar in China and India, by drawing comparative maps of child sex ratio. The chapter ends with a discussion related to the nature of the mechanisms at work in the masculinization processes observed in both countries and also offers clues on some of the possible factors accounting for the spatial patterning of sex ratio observed in China and India. In the next chapter 2.2–“Factors influencing the use of prenatal diagnosis techniques and sex ratio at birth in India”–, P N Mari Bhat and Francis Zavier have chosen to focus on the use–and misuse–of prenatal diagnostic techniques. As it is well known that sex-selective abortions only follow sex determination through ultrasound or other techniques, their study offers a detailed analysis of a key “intervening variable” of sex
INTRODUCTION 15 ratio at birth. Thanks to a rich logit analysis of the use of prenatal diagnostic technologies, they are able to identify several cultural, social, societal, economic and health characteristics closely associated with abnormal sex ratios in India. Figure 1 Research locations in South Asia studied in this volume Chapter 2.3 entitled “Decreases in Male and Female Mortality and Missing Women in Bangladesh. The case of Matlab” by Alam Nurul, Jeroen Van Ginneken and Alinda Bosch examines the recent trends in gender gap in infant and child mortality in the rural Matlab region in Bangladesh. This region enjoys an exceptionally good demographic
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Page 4 and 5: Chapters in this volume originate f
Page 7 and 8: List of Authors Sutapa AGRAWAL is P
Page 9 and 10: Foreword The rampant demographic ma
Page 11 and 12: TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Isab
Page 13 and 14: Introduction Isabelle ATTANÉ and C
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SEX RATIO AT BIRTH AND EXCESS FEMAL
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A Sharp Increase in Sex Ratio at Bi
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A SHARP INCREASE IN SEX RATIO AT BI
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Son Preference, Female Deficit and
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Part II DIFFERENTIALS IN DISCRIMINA
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110 C.Z. GUILMOTO - I. ATTANÉ gap
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1. Introduction Factors Influencing
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FACTORS INFLUENCING THE USE OF PREN
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Decreases in Male and Female Mortal
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DECREASES IN MALE AND FEMALE MORTAL
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184 KIM D.S. -SONG Y.J. birth at hi
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186 KIM D.S. -SONG Y.J. trance exam
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188 KIM D.S. -SONG Y.J. and on its
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190 KIM D.S. -SONG Y.J. striking. W
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192 KIM D.S. -SONG Y.J. Table 1 Sex
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194 KIM D.S. -SONG Y.J. maintained
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196 KIM D.S. -SONG Y.J. ritual is t
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198 KIM D.S. -SONG Y.J. and educati
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200 KIM D.S. -SONG Y.J. dents in ea
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202 KIM D.S. -SONG Y.J. behaviour i
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Part III LOCAL PERSPECTIVES ON GEND
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208 L. BOSSEN to support their husb
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210 L. BOSSEN The period of rural c
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212 L. BOSSEN throughout their live
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214 Figure 1 County sex ratio by bi
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216 L. BOSSEN The local demand for
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218 Table 3 Huang Tu Village change
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220 L. BOSSEN lineage which has the
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222 L. BOSSEN outside the patriline
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224 L. BOSSEN officials have not ye
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226 L. BOSSEN to households in its
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228 L. BOSSEN LI Shuzuo, FELDMAN Ma
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230 WU H. -M. FELDMAN -JIN X. -LI S
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Discrimination from Conception to C
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DISCRIMINATION FROM CONCEPTION TO C
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Is Son Preference Emerging among th
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IS SON PREFERENCE EMERGING AMONG TH
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Vulnerable Daughters in a Modernizi
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VULNERABLE DAUGHTERS IN A MODERNIZI
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Interventions to Balance Sex Ratio
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INTERVENTIONS TO BALANCE SEX RATIO
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Son Preference and the Marriage Squ
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SON PREFERENCE AND THE MARRIAGE SQU
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366 G. HUGO -NGUYEN THI H. X. front
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374 G. HUGO -NGUYEN THI H. X. wives
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Transnational Migration, Marriage a
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WATERING THE NEIGHBOUR'S GARDEN: THE GROWING - CICRED

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