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330 Chapter 14 repeats the hierarchical and unjust structure of the international system. 88 At the centre of the current regime of the court are the UN Security Council’s referral and deferral powers: article 16 is the ‘negative’ component of the council’s relationship with the court, the ‘positive’ one being article 13, which allows the council to proactively refer a matter to the court. The proposed amendment purports to grant the General Assembly authority to supplant the Security Council when the latter refuses to be moved by calls to defer investigations before the ICC. Furthermore, it attempts to establish a secondary responsibility in the assembly for the maintenance of international peace and security in the event of Security Council inaction. 89 10 Conclusion South Africa is a dualist state. Accordingly, an act of transformation of the international treaty into the domestic system has to be promulgated so that obligations undertaken could be lawfully be given effect to. South Africa has successfully achieved this objective and has been confronted with situations in which its implementing legislation has been put to the test. These recent events turning on South Africa’s commitment to international criminal law delineate the two main functions of the ICC Act: to allow our local courts and police service to co-operate with the ICC in apprehending suspects indicted by the ICC (such as Al Bashir); and to ensure we fulfil our treaty obligations domestically to investigate individuals (for example those named in the Gaza docket) — who are South African or come within our jurisdiction — suspected of war crimes, genocide, or crimes against humanity. This second function is strictly in accordance with the principle of complementarity which obliges member states to act domestically by investigating and prosecuting these crimes or, if unwilling or unable to do so, surrendering suspects to The Hague for prosecution. Although South Africa is regarded as an excellent example of commitment to the principles of international human rights law, the recent confusion surrounding the South African government’s equivocation on our voluntarily-undertaken commitments calls for a coherent and coordinated policy on international criminal justice within government. 90 88 The result entrenches the Great Powers exception granted to permanent Security Council members by giving the council the sole discretion to refer and defer matters to the court. 89 Gevers (n 67 above). 90 Gevers (n 65 above).
Books SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY Allen, T Trial justice: The International Criminal Court and the Lord’s Resistance Army (2006) Zed Books: London/New York Ankumah, E and Kwakwa E (eds) (2005) African perspectives on international criminal justice Africa Legal Aid: Accra/Pretoria Ball, H (1999) Prosecuting war crimes and genocide: The 20th century experience Martinus Nijhoff: Leiden/Boston Bassiouni, M (2009) The pursuit of international criminal justice: A world study on conflicts, victimization, and post conflict justice Intersentia: Antwerp Bassiouni, M (ed) (2002) Post-conflict justice Transnational Publishers: New York Bassiouni, M (1999) Crimes against humanity in international criminal law Martinus Nijhoff: Leiden/Boston Bassiouni, M (ed) (1998) The Statute of the International Criminal Court: A documentary history Transnational Publishers: New York Brandon B and Du Plessis M (eds) (2005) The prosecution of international crimes: A practical guide to prosecuting ICC crimes in Commonwealth States Commonwealth Secretariat: London Broomhall, B (2003) International justice and the International Criminal Court: Between state sovereignty and the rule of law Oxford University Press: New York Cassese, A (2003) International criminal law Oxford University Press: New York Cassese, A et al (eds) (2002) The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court: A commentary (vol I) Oxford University Press: New York Cassese, A et al (eds) (2002) The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court: A Commentary (vol II) Oxford University Press: New York Clarke, K and Goodale, M (eds) (2010) Mirrors of justice: Law and power in the post-Cold War era Cambridge University Press: Cambridge 331
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Prosecuting International Crimes in
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1 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD ix C
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6 7 8 6 Relevance of the jurisprude
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12 13 14 4 Conclusion 246 PART IV:
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FOREWORD I write this foreword with
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CONTRIBUTORS Benson Olugbuo is a So
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1 INTRODUCTION Chacha Murungu* & Ja
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Introduction 3 The commission of in
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Introduction 5 Apart from internati
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Introduction 7 resort. The conclusi
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PART I: GENERAL ISSUES IN THE PROSE
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12 Chapter 1 oblige states to prose
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14 Chapter 1 3 The obligation to pr
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16 Chapter 1 perpetrators of these
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18 Chapter 1 namely, national, ethn
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20 Chapter 1 the International Crim
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22 Chapter 1 amnesties for serious
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24 Chapter 1 payment of compensatio
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26 Chapter 1 punish international c
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28 Chapter 1 notorious violations o
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30 Chapter 1 in the case of the cou
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CHAPTER 2 1 Introduction IMMUNITY O
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Immunity of state officials and pro
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PART II: INTERNATIONAL COURTS AND P
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64 Chapter 3 evidentiary areas of i
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66 Chapter 3 pioneering effort in a
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68 Chapter 3 particular group, the
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70 Chapter 3 Indisputably, the abse
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72 Chapter 3 The Akayesu judgment,
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74 Chapter 3 particularly in light
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76 Chapter 3 for the destruction of
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78 Chapter 3 being of persons, in p
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80 Chapter 3 conflict - the ‘war
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82 Chapter 3 Chamber had itself fou
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84 Chapter 3 found in the first pla
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86 Chapter 3 of the Statute than
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88 Chapter 3 The majority’s appro
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90 Chapter 3 duties as a superior e
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92 Chapter 3 present at the trial,
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94 Chapter 3 international crimes.
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96 Chapter 3 advanced nor argued an
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98 Chapter 4 Unlike the Internation
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100 Chapter 4 years imprisonment wh
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102 Chapter 4 The Prosecutor’s de
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104 Chapter 4 2.3 SCSL and the Trut
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106 Chapter 4 who bear the greatest
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108 Chapter 4 responsibility for in
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110 Chapter 4 population’. 76 The
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112 Chapter 4 2.5.1 Acts of terrori
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114 Chapter 4 and Additional Protoc
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116 Chapter 4 Essentially, there mu
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118 Chapter 4 conscription of child
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120 Chapter 5 The United Nations Se
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122 Chapter 5 There are two main th
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124 Chapter 5 goal of rehabilitatio
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126 Chapter 5 that punitur quia pec
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128 Chapter 5 circumstances of the
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130 Chapter 5 retribution, deterren
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132 Chapter 5 Another argument in t
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134 Chapter 5 children. 111 Those o
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136 Chapter 5 assessed’. 119 In m
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138 Chapter 5 that there were no mi
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140 Chapter 5 Santigie Borbor Kanu
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142 Chapter 5 Chamber found no reas
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144 Chapter 5 has adopted a tone th
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146 Chapter 6 However, with the adv
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148 Chapter 6 2. 1 Africa-ICC relat
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150 Chapter 6 national elections, c
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152 Chapter 6 resolution may be ill
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154 Chapter 6 He has added that his
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156 Chapter 6 out of a desire to av
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158 Chapter 6 (b) US legislation to
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160 Chapter 6 encourage countries o
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CHAPTER 7 1 Introduction THE TRIAL
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The trial of Mengistu and other Der
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CHAPTER 8 1 Introduction THE TRIAL
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The trial of Hissène Habré in Sen
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CHAPTER 9 1 Introduction PROSECUTIN
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2 Genesis of the conflict Prosecuti
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Prosecuting international crimes by
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CHAPTER 10 1 Introduction GENOCIDE
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Genocide as prosecuted by the ICTR
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8 Reparations Genocide as prosecute
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234 Chapter 11 losses in excess of
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236 Chapter 11 piracy’. 14 In add
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238 Chapter 11 aircraft in accordan
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240 Chapter 11 and it is easy to av
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242 Chapter 11 phone. They took ove
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244 Chapter 11 3.3 Capacity problem
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246 Chapter 11 support us. They did
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CHAPTER 12 Benson 1 Introduction PO
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Positive complementarity and the fi
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278 Chapter 13 international crimin
Page 292 and 293: 280 Chapter 13 Africa’s involveme
Page 294 and 295: 282 Chapter 13 countries has tended
Page 296 and 297: 284 Chapter 13 passed domesticating
Page 298 and 299: 286 Chapter 13 crimes within their
Page 300 and 301: 288 Chapter 13 offences. Procedural
Page 302 and 303: 290 Chapter 13 Constitution, 62 thi
Page 304 and 305: 292 Chapter 13 4.1.3 The law regula
Page 306 and 307: 294 Chapter 13 either reciprocal or
Page 308 and 309: 296 Chapter 13 committed to fightin
Page 310 and 311: 298 Chapter 13 The procedure for th
Page 312 and 313: 300 Chapter 13 trial. While the Rom
Page 314 and 315: 302 Chapter 13 Having draft legisla
Page 317 and 318: CHAPTER 14 Lee 1 Introduction IMPLE
Page 319 and 320: Implementation of the Rome Statute
Page 341: Implementation of the Rome Statute
Page 345 and 346: Selected bibliography 333 Neier A (
Page 347 and 348: Selected bibliography 335 Chitiyo,
Page 349 and 350: Selected bibliography 337 Jalloh, C
Page 351 and 352: Selected bibliography 339 Roht-Arri
Page 353 and 354: Selected bibliography 341 Report on
Page 355 and 356: Table of cases 343 Right of Passage
Page 357 and 358: Table of cases 345 Prosecutor v Vas
Page 359 and 360: Table of cases 347 Muhimana v Prose
Page 361 and 362: Table of cases 349 Prosecutor v Rut
Page 363 and 364: Table of cases 351 and the Governme
Page 365 and 366: Table of cases 353 Prosecutor v Ses
Page 367 and 368: Table of cases 355 GAOR, 45th Sess.
Page 369: Table of cases 357 R v Bow Street M
Page 372 and 373: 360 Subject index Domestication ...
Page 374: 362 Subject index S Selective justi
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