47. Pakistan Economic Survey 2011-12 - Consultancy Services in ...
47. Pakistan Economic Survey 2011-12 - Consultancy Services in ...
47. Pakistan Economic Survey 2011-12 - Consultancy Services in ...
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<strong>Pakistan</strong> <strong>Economic</strong> <strong>Survey</strong> <strong>2011</strong>-<strong>12</strong>The objectives of the health policy are be<strong>in</strong>gachieved through the follow<strong>in</strong>g targeted<strong>in</strong>terventions.i. Mak<strong>in</strong>g the health system more responsive andaccountableii. Introduc<strong>in</strong>g reforms <strong>in</strong> the health sector tomake pragmatic progress <strong>in</strong> meet<strong>in</strong>g MDGtargets and tackl<strong>in</strong>g effectively newlyemerg<strong>in</strong>g and re-emerg<strong>in</strong>g health issuesiii. Effectively engag<strong>in</strong>g private health sector andcivil society organizations to improve healthoutcomesiv. Prioritiz<strong>in</strong>g vulnerable and disadvantagedgroups <strong>in</strong> society as recipients of social upliftprogrammes.Despite these positive efforts, the health <strong>in</strong>dicatorshave been slow to improve due to various externaland natural factors. Communicable diseases stillaccount for a major cause of death. Maternal healthproblems are widespread and the current <strong>in</strong>fantmortality at 63/1000 is the highest <strong>in</strong> South Asia.Analysis suggests that:(i)Infectious and nutritional deficiency relateddiseases dom<strong>in</strong>ate the causes of mortality <strong>in</strong>the country.(ii) Health status varies between urban-rurallocations and by economic status.(iii) Health achievements <strong>in</strong> <strong>Pakistan</strong> contrastsharply with those of its neighbours.Special efforts and considerable resources arerequired to achieve the desired health outcomes.Health IndicatorsThe most recent data on health performance ofother South Asian countries suggest that <strong>Pakistan</strong>lags beh<strong>in</strong>d <strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>fant mortality rate (at 63 per 1000live births) and the under 5 years mortality rate (at86.5 per 1000 live births). These <strong>in</strong>dicatorscont<strong>in</strong>ue to rema<strong>in</strong> high ma<strong>in</strong>ly on account ofunhealthy dietary habits, water borne diseases,malnutrition and rapid population growth.However, the average life expectancy at 66 yearscompares well with India, Nepal and Bangladesh.<strong>Pakistan</strong> is committed towards achiev<strong>in</strong>g theMDGs. The MDGs 4, 5 and 6 relate to childmortality, maternal health and combat<strong>in</strong>g HIV &Aids, Malaria and other diseases. Considerableefforts and immense resources are required toachieve the desired health outcomes.Table 11.2: Regional Human Development IndicatorCountryLife Expectancy<strong>2011</strong>Mortality Rateunder 5 per 1000Infant MortalityRate per 1000<strong>2011</strong>Population GrowthRate (%)<strong>2011</strong>2010<strong>Pakistan</strong> 65.99 86.5 63.26 2.03India 66.80 62.7 <strong>47.</strong>57 1.34Ch<strong>in</strong>a 74.68 18.4 16.06 0.49Indonesia 71.33 35.3 27.95 1.07Bangladesh 69.75 <strong>47.</strong>8 50.73 1.57Sri Lanka 75.73 16.5 9.70 0.93Malaysia 73.79 6.3 15.02 1.58Nepal 66.16 49.5 44.54 1.60Thailand 73.60 13.0 16.39 0.57Philipp<strong>in</strong>es 71.66 29.4 19.34 1.90Source: World Development Report <strong>2011</strong>152
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