47. Pakistan Economic Survey 2011-12 - Consultancy Services in ...

Pakistan Economic Survey 2011-12According to the Labour Force Survey (LFS)2010-11, Pakistan has a labour force of 57.24million people which is 0.91million more than theprevious year. The total number of peopleemployed during 2010-11 was 53.84 million, 0.63million more than the preceding year.Table-12.7: Civilian Labour Force, Employed and Unemployed for Pakistan(Million)YEAR 2003-04 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11Labour Force 45.5 50.05 50.33 51.78 53.72 56.33 57.24Employed 42 46.95 47.65 49.09 50.79 53.21 53.84Unemployed 3.5 3.1 2.68 2.69 2.93 3.12 3.40Source: Various Issues of Labour Force Survey, 2010-11Labour Force Participation RatesThe Labour force participation is estimated on thebasis of the Crude Activity Rate (CAR) andRefined Activity Rate (RAR).The CAR is thepercentage of the labour force in the totalpopulation while RAR is the percentage of thelabour force in the population of persons 10 yearsof age and above. The RAR gives a relativelybetter picture of change in the labour forceparticipation in the country because it is comprisedof the active labour force. Between 2008-09 and2010-11, the CAR showed a mixed trend in therural areas. The male CAR decreased from 49.2percent to 48.6 percent whereas at the same timethe female CAR increased from 18.5 percent to19.4 percent. Therefore the net effect onparticipation in rural areas was zero. In the case ofthe urban areas the female CAR increased morethan the male CAR and there was an increase inthe overall participation rate. The RAR for therural areas shows a marginal decrease during the2009- 2011 period. There is a marginal increase inthe female RAR and a decrease in the male RAR.However in the urban areas both male and femaleRAR increased which on aggregate eliminated theeffect of reduction in the rural RAR. Therefore as awhole, no change has been seen in RAR at thecountry level. An important insight in this changeis that female participation is increasing in urbanareas. This is a good sign of female empowerment.Table-12.8: Labour Force Participation RatesIndicators 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 Indicators 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11Crude Activity (Participation) Rates (%) Refined Activity (Participation) Rates (%)PakistanPakistanTotal 32.8 33.0 32.8 Total 45.7 45.9 45.7Male 49.6 49.5 49.3 Male 69.3 68.8 68.7Female 14.9 15.5 15.6 Female 20.7 21.5 21.7AugmentedAugmentedTotal 38.8 38.8 38.4 Total 53.9 53.9 53.5Female 27.0 27.2 27.0 Female 37.5 37.9 37.4RuralRuralTotal 34.3 34.5 34.3 Total 49.2 49.4 49.1Male 49.2 49.0 48.6 Male 71.0 70.2 70.0Female 18.5 19.3 19.4 Female 26.4 27.6 27.6AugmentedAugmentedTotal 42.7 42.6 42.2 Total 61.2 61.0 60.4Female 35.6 35.8 35.4 Female 50.7 51.2 50.3UrbanUrbanTotal 29.9 30.0 30.0 Total 39.3 39.5 39.5Male 50.4 50.6 50.6 Male 66.3 66.4 66.4Female 7.6 7.8 8.1 Female 10.1 10.3 10.7AugmentedAugmentedTotal 31.0 31.1 31.0 Total 40.8 41.0 40.8Female 9.9 10.1 10.1 Female 13.1 13.3 13.3Source: Labour Force Survey 2010-11168