Multi-Carrier and Spread Spectrum Systems: From OFDM and MC ...

Index 359Maximum likelihood parametersestimation 144–146Time synchronization 147–151Synchronization sensitivity 141–143System matrix 57System performance 84–94, 98–100MC-CDMA synchronous downlink85–89MC-CDMA synchronous uplink89–94MC-DS-CDMA asynchronous uplink98–100MC-DS-CDMA synchronous uplink98Tanner graph 183TDD frame structure 248–249Time diversity 27, 301Time division duplex (TDD) 105Time division multiple access (TDMA)5–6, 45, 105Time division multiplexing (TDM) 105Time domain channel estimation 168Time synchronization 147–151Coarse symbol timing 147–149Guard time exploitation 149Null symbol detection 147–148Two identical half reference symbols148–149Fine symbol timing 149–150Time-variant phase diversity 312Total degradation 204Transmit diversity in multi-carriertransmission 308–313Cyclic delay diversity 311Delay diversity 308–309Discontinuous Doppler diversity 313Doppler diversity 312–313Phase diversity 309–311Sub-carrier diversity 313Time-variant phase diversity 312Turbo codes 178–182Block Turbo codes 180–182Convolutional Turbo codes 178–180Two-dimensional channel estimation155–159Two cascaded one-dimensional filters158–159Two-dimensional filter 155–156Two-dimensional Wiener filter156–158Two-dimensional spreading 61–62,278–279Two step decoding 186TWTA characteristics 199–200Typical urban (TU) channel model 20Ultra wide band (UWB) systems121–123PPM UWB signal generation121–123Transmission scheme 123UMTS standard 3–4, 44–46UMTS/UTRA channel model 21Uncorrelated fading channel models 26Variable spreading factor (VSF) 45,277–279VHF/UHF 290Virtual sub-carriers 134–135Viterbi decoding 71, 78, 175, 179–180VSF-OFCDM 277–279Walsh-Hadamard code 58Wideband CDMA (WCDMA) 3,44–46, 218WiMAX channel model 23–25Wireless Interoperability for MicrowaveAccess (WiMAX) 237–267BWA standards 242–263Certification 271Convergence sub-layer 244–246MAC layer 246–253MIMO 263–267OFDMA 258Profiles 267–271S-OFDMA 258–261Wireless LAN 4–5, 8, 35, 283–287Channel characteristics 25, 283FEC coding and modulation285–286Link budget 287