Sustainability Planning and Monitoring

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ADDING ACCOUNTABILITY FOR GENDER EQUITY AND SOCIAL INCLUSIONend of training the facilitators evaluated theproposed new tools in the light of their communitywork experience in KDP 1. They said that theproposed tools:●●●enabled more democratic decision making atsub-village and village levels;provided proof of local poverty conditions, fromboth men’s and women’s perspectives, to useas the basis for proposal selection andformulation;reduced the potential for conflict between●●●●different habitations (dusuns) and within thecommunity, by making the process transparent;simplified monitoring of implementation, forboth the community and outsiders;made the village facilitators’ work easier andmore effective;helped sub-district facilitators to supervise andassess success of the program;required at least two days of field practice todevelop basic skills for application, andtherefore KDP 2 facilitator training programsshould provide for the same.c. Adding transparency andverifiability for gender- andpoverty-sensitivity in communityprocessesThe following ways were worked out by thenational technical assistance providing consultantsfor KDP 2, in consultation with the trainees:●●●Visual outputs from the tools (welfareclassification criteria, social and poverty map,causal diagram of poverty, prioritization,and voting results for proposal selection) willbecome the means of monitoring whetherthe KDP 2 village level process has beensufficiently gender-responsive and povertysensitive.These outputs will be required attachmentsto village proposals submitted for funding atthe sub-district forum. They will serve as themeans to evaluate proposals in terms of theirresponsiveness to root causes of local povertyand responsiveness to the voices of bothwomen and men in decision making.Selected visual outputs from approvedproposals will be permanently displayed in thevillage to serve as public monitoring tools forall villagers can track progress of projectinterventions.Training of KDP 2 village facilitators in gender–andpoverty–sensitive process facilitationThe process, tools, and indicators are nowincorporated in: a) KDP 2 training programs for114
ADDING ACCOUNTABILITY FOR GENDER EQUITY AND SOCIAL INCLUSIONTable 1 Social inclusion and empowerment tools introduced in KDP 2Tool andtarget groupPurposeHow does it help gender-poverty mainstreaming?1. WelfareTo identify the local poor. Allows community members to discuss the basisClassificationfor socio-economic segmentation in theirTo establish a baselinecommunity and agree on criteria for differentiation.With poorpoverty profile of the village.and wealthierGives voice to a broader range of people.men andTo ensure that the lowestwomen, during socio-economic sub-groups Allows for the economically weakest to besub-village are targeted for identified by local consensus.meetingsparticipation.2. Social To map out socio-economic Community has control of the process.Mappingdistribution of the communityand current service provision. Increases community confidence in their capacity toWith poor andanalyze their own situation and plan for improvements.wealthier men To assess equity in currentand women, access to and usage of Adds transparency to plans. Enables communityduring dusun available services. members to monitor the impact of the program on themeetingspoor and non-poor sections of their population.To check for improved accessof the poor while planningfuture infrastructureimprovements.3. Selecting To elicit ideas for desired Individual members match their preferences againstactivity ideas improvements and identify community needs in an open and transparent mannerfor proposal potential benefits for different that promotes equity in decision making.formulationsocio-economic groups,drawing on informationEnables collective evaluation of the effectiveness ofWith poor and provided through social suggested activities for poverty reduction, and theirwealthier men and mapping. potential sustainability.women, duringdusun and village To publicly evaluate ideas Prevents elite-domination of decision making by givingmeetings generated against a range of equal voice to poor and better off, women and men,poverty targeting and gender through individual voting and public vote counting,inclusive criteria and rank them to select the activities that would be developed intousing a transparent voting system. village proposals.4. Causal To identify root causes of local Provides space for women’s voices. Visually representdiagram of poverty and links between women’s realities of poverty and links between causes.local povertycauses, in order to identify theand proposal most appropriate strategies Provides evaluation of proposed activities from theformulation which will benefit the poor viewpoints of poor women and ranking of the mostand can be supported byeffective poverty-reducing activity by consensusWith women from community resources. achieved through individual voting.poorest cluster ofhouseholds in the To evaluate strategies/action Prevents male-domination and elite-hijacking of decisionvillage,together ideas against a range of making in selecting ideas for women’s proposals.with womenpoverty- and gender inclusiveinvited from other criteria. Provides visual record of the process and rationaledusuns, duringunderlying women’s proposals – to be used as presentationwomen’s meeting To rank ideas using a aids by women representatives while defending their(Musbangdes democratic voting system. proposals at sub-district decision making forum forperempuan)funding.(Note: 1 and 2 above are MPA tools, outputs from which are, then used to target poorest households and women’s groups forfurther analysis and planning using 3 and 4, which are PRA tools).115
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PrefaceThe mission of the Water and
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AcknowledgementsThe Participatory L
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4.9 Visualization and self-scoring
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Figure 18 KDP 2 activity cycle with
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THE CHALLENGE OF SUSTAINED WATER SU
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A NEW TOOL FOR PLANNERS AND MANAGER
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THE MPA FRAMEWORK AND PROCESSkey va
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THE MPA FRAMEWORK AND PROCESSsevera
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THE MPA FRAMEWORK AND PROCESS●●
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THE MPA FRAMEWORK AND PROCESSThe MP
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THE MPA FRAMEWORK AND PROCESSsegreg
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THE MPA IN ACTIONaction points in i
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THE MPA IN ACTION●●●●●●
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THE MPA IN ACTIONBox 15 Key element
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THE MPA IN ACTIONsuccessful or unsu
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THE MPA IN ACTIONexternal facilitat
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THE MPA IN ACTIONBox 17 Indicative
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THE MPA IN ACTIONvisits and conduct
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THE MPA IN ACTIONScoring principles
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THE MPA IN ACTION4.10 Quality contr
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THE MPA IN ACTIONExperiences with t
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THE MPA IN ACTION5Organizing and In
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Box 22 Gender and poverty analysis
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ORGANIZING AND INTERPRETING THE DAT
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Page 79 and 80: PARTICIPATORY TOOLS USED IN THE MPA
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Page 137 and 138: Table 2WSLIC 2: ADDING POVERTY ACCO
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Page 147 and 148: LOOKING BACK TO SEE FORWARDFigure 2
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Page 151 and 152: LOOKING BACK TO SEE FORWARD●●
Page 153 and 154: LOOKING BACK TO SEE FORWARDMPA core
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Page 159 and 160: ACHIEVING SUSTAINED SANITATION FOR
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Page 165 and 166: Appendix AInstitutions that current
Page 167 and 168: Appendix BProcess designed forPLA P
Page 169 and 170: StepNo.7.ProcessAsk “Were users e
Page 171 and 172: ReferencesBernard, Russel H. (1995)
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Page 176: Water and Sanitation ProgramWater S
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