Sustainability Planning and Monitoring

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ADDING ACCOUNTABILITY FOR GENDER EQUITY AND SOCIAL INCLUSION●There is a need to develop a more user-friendlyrationale in local languages for MPA/PHAST.The workability of MPA/PHAST as a planningtool was demonstrated through the firstround of community planning in fiveprovinces. It was shown to be adaptable forplanning, particularly where there are existingservices and usable in diverse settings, withappropriate adjustments of the visual toolsfor specific cultural and geographic variations.The transparency afforded by the use of theparticipatory planning tools was frequentlyremarked upon as valuable by rural men’sand women’s groups in project provinces.They enjoyed using the tools, althoughcommunity facilitators are not yet sufficientlyskilled in using the data gathered for probingand encouraging greater communityunderstanding of their local situation.Whether or not the MPA-PHAST-based interventionsmake a difference to project outcomes is beingmonitored by implementing agencies andresearchers independent of the project, and willbe evaluated near the end of project.Table 3PERFORMANCE MONITORING AND EVALUATION INDICATORS FOR PROJECT DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES(Excerpts from Table 7a: Project Implementation Plan, WSLIC 2)PLANNING PHASE (Note: M/W, , R/P = Men and Women, Rich and Poor)ProjectDevelopment Input Indicators Outcome IndicatorsObjectivesMPAVariablesIndicators and Sub-indicators to Assess1.Providing safe,adequate, costeffective andeasilyaccessiblewatersupply andsanitationfacilities●●●CFs A provide feasiblesystem options tocommunity (includingwater sources ofadequate quality andquantity).Full communityparticipation (gender andclass-sensitive) inchoosing system andservice level.DED B for WS system isdeveloped and includedin CAP C .System option chosen istechnically appropriate.System option/s chosen arewhat all sections ofcommunity want.Technical quality of CAPand DED meetsstandards.Desired service levelreflected in systemdesign.Projectresponsivenessto demand(Users’ voiceand choice inplanning anddesign)Degree of informed choice made by M/W, , R/Pon: Kind of technology. Service level (e.g., public tap, house connection,private latrine). Location of facilities (public taps, tanks, etc.). Type of local service management organization. Size of cash and in kind contributions forconstruction, modes of payment and utilization. Tariff rate (water user fee) for chosen level ofservice and mode of payment. Organization responsible for construction. Training needed for construction, operation andmanagement.●DED for sanitationfacilities is developed andSystem management andincluded in CAP.financing needs●Plan for collecting andaccurately estimated.managing water user feesincluded in CAP.ACF : Community FacilitatorBDED : Detailed Engineering DesignCCAP : Community Action Plan124
Table 3 (continued) ADDING PERFORMANCE ACCOUNTABILITY MONITORING FOR GENDER AND EVALUATION EQUITY AND INDICATORS SOCIAL INCLUSIONFOR PROJECT DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES(Excerpts from Table 7a: Project Implementation Plan, WSLIC 2)PLANNING PHASE (Note: M/W, , R/P = Men and Women, Rich and Poor)ProjectDevelopment Input Indicators Outcome IndicatorsObjectivesMPAVariablesIndicators and Sub-indicators to Assess2.Developingsustainabilityandeffectivenessthroughcommunityparticipation●●●Number of communitymembers participating inproject activities isbalanced in terms ofgender and class.PHAST process isconducted.CFT D is in place and●For the system chosen,the community (M/W,R/P) understands andagrees on level/qualityof service expected,maintenanceimplications, design lifeand coverage as perEquity insharingburdens andbenefitsExtent of understanding and agreement ofcommunity M/W, , R/P regarding: CAP contents (system type, level of service,community cash/in kind contributions, water tariffs,hygiene behavior improvements plan, O&Marrangements and Training plan). Criteria for trainee selection, considering equityof opportunity and sustainability of services.●functioning.Monitoring plan isdeveloped.●design.Community formallyComposition and functioning of VITs reflect genderand social equity principles (CFT task).●●System option is chosen bycommunity.Community agreement toagrees to providecontributions accordingto CAP schedule.Extent of community control of financing andimplementation, by M/W, R/P.provide share is in CAP.●Community agreement topay O&M is in CAP.●Community members (M/W, R/P) participating inPHAST.3.Improvinghealthbehavior andhealthservices ofcommunities●●●●Health CF is in place.Teachers are trained inPHAST and school healthprogram.VIT E health is trained inPHAST.Sanitarians are trained inPHAST.●●●PHAST sessions areproperly sequenced incommunity meetings andin schools.Community classifies itsown good and badhealth behaviors.Community identifies keyParticipationin serviceestablishmentExtent of community voice and choice in planningand design of hygiene and sanitation program:Decision making by M/W, R/P on: Key behavior changes needed in the community. How behavior changes will be promoted andmonitored. Type of special health program to be taught inschool linked to key behavioral changes identified.●Planning for behaviorbehavioral changeschange as part of CAPneeded to improvepreparation.health and QOL F.●Teachers understandhow to conduct HSP.●Sanitarian and VITunderstand how to usePHAST for HSP G .●CAP includes behaviorchange activities plan,and behavior changemonitoring indicatorslocally decided.DCFT : Community Facilitator TeamEVIT : Village Implementation TeamFQOL : Quality of Life GHSP : Hygiene & Sanitation Promotion125
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PrefaceThe mission of the Water and
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AcknowledgementsThe Participatory L
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4.9 Visualization and self-scoring
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Figure 18 KDP 2 activity cycle with
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THE CHALLENGE OF SUSTAINED WATER SU
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A NEW TOOL FOR PLANNERS AND MANAGER
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THE MPA FRAMEWORK AND PROCESSkey va
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THE MPA FRAMEWORK AND PROCESSsevera
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THE MPA FRAMEWORK AND PROCESS●●
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THE MPA FRAMEWORK AND PROCESSThe MP
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THE MPA FRAMEWORK AND PROCESSsegreg
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THE MPA IN ACTIONaction points in i
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THE MPA IN ACTION●●●●●●
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THE MPA IN ACTIONBox 15 Key element
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THE MPA IN ACTIONsuccessful or unsu
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THE MPA IN ACTIONexternal facilitat
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THE MPA IN ACTIONBox 17 Indicative
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THE MPA IN ACTIONvisits and conduct
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THE MPA IN ACTIONScoring principles
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THE MPA IN ACTION4.10 Quality contr
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THE MPA IN ACTIONExperiences with t
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THE MPA IN ACTION5Organizing and In
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Box 22 Gender and poverty analysis
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ORGANIZING AND INTERPRETING THE DAT
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PARTICIPATORY TOOLS USED IN THE MPA
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Page 89 and 90: PARTICIPATORY TOOLS USED IN THE MPA
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Page 111 and 112: DO PROJECT RULES PROMOTE SUSTAINABI
Page 121 and 122: FROM THEORY TO PRACTICEDANIDA began
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Page 125 and 126: FROM THEORY TO PRACTICEReality of e
Page 127 and 128: FROM THEORY TO PRACTICEAdding Accou
Page 129 and 130: ADDING ACCOUNTABILITY FOR GENDER EQ
Page 137 and 138: Table 2WSLIC 2: ADDING POVERTY ACCO
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Page 145 and 146: LOOKING BACK TO SEE FORWARDMembers
Page 147 and 148: LOOKING BACK TO SEE FORWARDFigure 2
Page 149 and 150: LOOKING BACK TO SEE FORWARDFigure 2
Page 151 and 152: LOOKING BACK TO SEE FORWARD●●
Page 153 and 154: LOOKING BACK TO SEE FORWARDMPA core
Page 155 and 156: EFFECT OF THE MPA ON GENDER RELATIO
Page 157 and 158: EFFECT OF THE MPA ON GENDER RELATIO
Page 159 and 160: ACHIEVING SUSTAINED SANITATION FOR
Page 161 and 162: HOW WELL DID THOSE DEVELOPMENT PROJ
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Page 165 and 166: Appendix AInstitutions that current
Page 167 and 168: Appendix BProcess designed forPLA P
Page 169 and 170: StepNo.7.ProcessAsk “Were users e
Page 171 and 172: ReferencesBernard, Russel H. (1995)
Page 173: Wijk, Christine van. (1998). ‘Gen
Page 176: Water and Sanitation ProgramWater S
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Sustainability Planning and Monitoring

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