Sustainability Planning and Monitoring

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PARTICIPATORY TOOLS USED IN THE MPAWhere relevant, the activity is done twice, once forwater supply and once for sanitation.households contributed at the same rate ordifferent rates.ResultsThe outcome provides insight into the division ofcontributions within the community and on thegender division of labor contribution inhouseholds, and also for cash contributions inthose cultures where women and men have theirown sources and control of income. It shows thenature of user contributions to meet demand,other than time for meetings. Time also hasmonetary value, but is hard to recall several yearsafter implementation.UsesQuestions may be asked to bring out what wasthe basis of determining the type and amountof contributions. Were the poor required tocontribute less or the same as others? How didthey decide who was to pay more or less? Didthe majority of users have a voice in decidingthe extent of the contribution? Did the poorand the women have a say in deciding? Didwomen and men within each household andin both economic groups contribute differentamounts and in different ways? How do thedifferent categories feel about theircontributions? Do they feel it was fair? Whatare the reasons for their answers?This is another activity that helps to analyze(in)equity and draw conclusions about whetherResults are used to score the equity in divisionof contributions during construction.78
PARTICIPATORY TOOLS USED IN THE MPA6.8 Ladders (2)Men’s group in Indonesia assessing gender division of workload for operation andmaintenance of water servicesPurposeThis activity is used to assess the impact of thewater service or the sanitation program onwomen’s time and workload in relation to that ofmen.Processtasks the members now carry out, using the cards.These cards are then ordered in the day’ssequence. A week’s or month’s sequence may beused in addition if there are tasks that are notcarried out daily. Using matchsticks or other easyto-countmaterials, members of each group thenestimate how much time they spent on eachactivity.A second ladder exercise similar to the first one isdone with the members of the water committeeand other voluntary workers, who contribute timeand work to keep the service going. It is also donewith focus groups of users for whom the projectintervention may also have affected time and laborpatterns.They discuss the changes that have occurredthrough the project. Has work increased,decreased, or stayed the same? Have cooperationpatterns in the household (work by women, men,boys and girls) changed?ResultsThe activity uses a series of small drawingsdepicting typical female work related to use andmaintenance of water and sanitation services.Another series depicts men’s work. Each groupbegins by discussing the typical female and maleInformation emerges on who (women andmen, rich and poor, girls and boys) does whatwork related to use and upkeep of watersupply and sanitation, and changes inworkload and work division within the79
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SustainabilityPlanning andMonitorin
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SustainabilityPlanning andMonitorin
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PrefaceThe mission of the Water and
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AcknowledgementsThe Participatory L
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4.9 Visualization and self-scoring
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Figure 18 KDP 2 activity cycle with
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THE CHALLENGE OF SUSTAINED WATER SU
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A NEW TOOL FOR PLANNERS AND MANAGER
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THE MPA FRAMEWORK AND PROCESSkey va
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THE MPA FRAMEWORK AND PROCESSsevera
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THE MPA FRAMEWORK AND PROCESS●●
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THE MPA FRAMEWORK AND PROCESSThe MP
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Page 45 and 46: THE MPA IN ACTIONaction points in i
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Page 49 and 50: THE MPA IN ACTIONBox 15 Key element
Page 51 and 52: THE MPA IN ACTIONsuccessful or unsu
Page 53 and 54: THE MPA IN ACTIONexternal facilitat
Page 55 and 56: THE MPA IN ACTIONBox 17 Indicative
Page 57 and 58: THE MPA IN ACTIONvisits and conduct
Page 59 and 60: THE MPA IN ACTIONScoring principles
Page 61 and 62: THE MPA IN ACTION4.10 Quality contr
Page 63 and 64: THE MPA IN ACTIONExperiences with t
Page 65 and 66: THE MPA IN ACTION5Organizing and In
Page 67 and 68: Box 22 Gender and poverty analysis
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Page 125 and 126: FROM THEORY TO PRACTICEReality of e
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Page 129 and 130: ADDING ACCOUNTABILITY FOR GENDER EQ
Page 137 and 138: Table 2WSLIC 2: ADDING POVERTY ACCO
Page 141 and 142: Table 3 (continued) ADDING PERFORMA
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LOOKING BACK TO SEE FORWARDMembers
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LOOKING BACK TO SEE FORWARDFigure 2
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LOOKING BACK TO SEE FORWARDFigure 2
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LOOKING BACK TO SEE FORWARD●●
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LOOKING BACK TO SEE FORWARDMPA core
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EFFECT OF THE MPA ON GENDER RELATIO
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EFFECT OF THE MPA ON GENDER RELATIO
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ACHIEVING SUSTAINED SANITATION FOR
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HOW WELL DID THOSE DEVELOPMENT PROJ
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HOW WELL DID THOSE DEVELOPMENT PROJ
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Appendix AInstitutions that current
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Appendix BProcess designed forPLA P
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StepNo.7.ProcessAsk “Were users e
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ReferencesBernard, Russel H. (1995)
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Wijk, Christine van. (1998). ‘Gen
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Water and Sanitation ProgramWater S
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