Sustainability Planning and Monitoring

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PARTICIPATORY TOOLS USED IN THE MPA●sanitation services, according to gender, period(past and present), socio-economic level andfunction or type of work, including whether itis paid or unpaid.Homes of community members who havereceived training for construction ormaintenance of services, according to gender,class, period (past and present) and subjectarea.UsesCommunity maps are used in the MPA to analyzeat least the following aspects of services.Access to services: The group examines thelocations of the facilities vis-à-vis the clusters ofhomes:●●●Which clusters of households are well served,through closeness to facilities or householdconnections?Which clusters are not?Reasons?Facilitation brings out the rationale for and storiesbehind the siting of facilities – both for water supplyand sanitation.During project evaluations, it is very useful tocompare the community map to the projectagency’s infrastructure map for the same villageand probe reasons in case discrepancies are foundbetween the two.Coverage over time: The facilitator helps reflecton what has happened over time:●Since the project constructed facilities, has thecommunity expanded or replicated them? Hasit installed more taps? Built more latrines? Withor without external assistance? Why or whynot?Proportion of people using the service. The groupselects the score that represents the communitysituation best. The same procedure is followedfor sanitation.Quality of service: The group also discusses thequality and reliability of service:●●●●Are there variations in water quantity, qualityand reliability?Which sources/points are functioning well andwhich ones not?What are the reasons?Who is affected?The answers are used for scoring quantity, qualityand reliability of water delivered by the differentwater points. The discussion often explainsaspects of management and financing. 21Equity in sharing cost vs. benefits: From theclassification of user households and analysis ofaccess and quality of services, the progression todiscussing contributions is quickly made.●●●What did and do poor and rich householdsnear and far from water points contribute forthe service?Do some households also use the water fromthe system for productive uses? What types ofhouseholds, and what types of uses?Do these uses involve a lot of water? Does itaffect water availability for all, or could it doso in future? Are these uses reflected in thetariffs?The results help the group score equity of tariffsand links information on water distribution and21 The same information is also obtained from service management committees and triangulated with informationfrom users from the map and transect walks.68
PARTICIPATORY TOOLS USED IN THE MPAadequacy for gender- and class-specific water useto system designs, source capacity and watermanagement.Equity in community management andcapacity building: The group examines the mapto identify the homes of:●●women and men on the water andsanitation committee;women and men who received training●●in financial, technical, management,and hygiene education aspects;those who use this training in currentpositions; andwomen and men who hold paid jobs inwater supply, sanitation and hygiene.The information helps the group analyzeand score the equity in the communitycapacity created and used, by gender andclass.69
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SustainabilityPlanning andMonitorin
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SustainabilityPlanning andMonitorin
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PrefaceThe mission of the Water and
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AcknowledgementsThe Participatory L
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viii
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4.9 Visualization and self-scoring
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Figure 18 KDP 2 activity cycle with
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THE CHALLENGE OF SUSTAINED WATER SU
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A NEW TOOL FOR PLANNERS AND MANAGER
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Page 33 and 34: A NEW TOOL FOR PLANNERS AND MANAGER
Page 35 and 36: THE MPA FRAMEWORK AND PROCESSkey va
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Page 39 and 40: THE MPA FRAMEWORK AND PROCESS●●
Page 41 and 42: THE MPA FRAMEWORK AND PROCESSThe MP
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Page 45 and 46: THE MPA IN ACTIONaction points in i
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Page 49 and 50: THE MPA IN ACTIONBox 15 Key element
Page 51 and 52: THE MPA IN ACTIONsuccessful or unsu
Page 53 and 54: THE MPA IN ACTIONexternal facilitat
Page 55 and 56: THE MPA IN ACTIONBox 17 Indicative
Page 57 and 58: THE MPA IN ACTIONvisits and conduct
Page 59 and 60: THE MPA IN ACTIONScoring principles
Page 61 and 62: THE MPA IN ACTION4.10 Quality contr
Page 63 and 64: THE MPA IN ACTIONExperiences with t
Page 65 and 66: THE MPA IN ACTION5Organizing and In
Page 67 and 68: Box 22 Gender and poverty analysis
Page 69 and 70: ORGANIZING AND INTERPRETING THE DAT
Page 79 and 80: PARTICIPATORY TOOLS USED IN THE MPA
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Page 109 and 110: Section 2MPAApplication Case Studie
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Page 125 and 126: FROM THEORY TO PRACTICEReality of e
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ADDING ACCOUNTABILITY FOR GENDER EQ
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Table 2WSLIC 2: ADDING POVERTY ACCO
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Table 3 (continued) ADDING PERFORMA
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LOOKING BACK TO SEE FORWARDMembers
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LOOKING BACK TO SEE FORWARDFigure 2
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LOOKING BACK TO SEE FORWARDFigure 2
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LOOKING BACK TO SEE FORWARD●●
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LOOKING BACK TO SEE FORWARDMPA core
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EFFECT OF THE MPA ON GENDER RELATIO
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EFFECT OF THE MPA ON GENDER RELATIO
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ACHIEVING SUSTAINED SANITATION FOR
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HOW WELL DID THOSE DEVELOPMENT PROJ
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HOW WELL DID THOSE DEVELOPMENT PROJ
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Appendix AInstitutions that current
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Appendix BProcess designed forPLA P
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StepNo.7.ProcessAsk “Were users e
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ReferencesBernard, Russel H. (1995)
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Wijk, Christine van. (1998). ‘Gen
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Water and Sanitation ProgramWater S
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