Sustainability Planning and Monitoring

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THE MPA FRAMEWORK AND PROCESSThe MPA Framework and Process33.1 MPA framework foranalysis: linkingoutcomes with processesThe MPA tangibly links processes and results.Processes refer to the ways in whichcommunities and project agencies haveestablished the facilities. Results relate to how wellcommunities sustain and use them.A community water service is sustainedwhen its users keep the service going at alevel satisfactory to most users. The serviceis “effectively used” when accessed andused by a substantial majority (a criticalmass of at least 80 percent) in a healthpromotingand environmentally soundmanner, without explicit exclusion ofparticular user groups.Sustaining a sanitation program meanskeeping individual sanitation facilitiesmaintained and effectively used andcontinuing the installation of new ones topreserve coverage.An MPA assessment in Latin AmericanAll assessments - whether to monitor or evaluateexisting water supply and sanitation projects orplan new ones - are based on the analyticalframework that is depicted in Figure 3. Theframework summarizes relationships between the18
THE MPA FRAMEWORK AND PROCESSkey variables. The degree to which a communitysustains community water supply and sanitationfacilities depends upon:●●The degree to which its population - womenand men in better and poor households, and,for sanitation, also the different age groups- have access to and use the facilities.The degree to which the water supply orsanitation facilities meet the demands of the●●●major population categories - women andmen in better and poor households.The ways in which burdens and benefits areshared among these categories.The degree of gender- and poverty-sensitiveuser participation in the establishment andmanagement of the service.The nature of the “enabling institutionalenvironment,” or the agency policies andFigure 3 Analytical framework of the MPAExogenous factorsCommunity and institutional processes attime of establishment of servicesSituation at time ofassessment19
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Page 6 and 7: PrefaceThe mission of the Water and
Page 8 and 9: AcknowledgementsThe Participatory L
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Page 12 and 13: 4.9 Visualization and self-scoring
Page 14 and 15: Figure 18 KDP 2 activity cycle with
Page 17 and 18: THE CHALLENGE OF SUSTAINED WATER SU
Page 27 and 28: A NEW TOOL FOR PLANNERS AND MANAGER
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Page 37 and 38: THE MPA FRAMEWORK AND PROCESSsevera
Page 39 and 40: THE MPA FRAMEWORK AND PROCESS●●
Page 41 and 42: THE MPA FRAMEWORK AND PROCESSThe MP
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Page 45 and 46: THE MPA IN ACTIONaction points in i
Page 47 and 48: THE MPA IN ACTION●●●●●●
Page 49 and 50: THE MPA IN ACTIONBox 15 Key element
Page 51 and 52: THE MPA IN ACTIONsuccessful or unsu
Page 53 and 54: THE MPA IN ACTIONexternal facilitat
Page 55 and 56: THE MPA IN ACTIONBox 17 Indicative
Page 57 and 58: THE MPA IN ACTIONvisits and conduct
Page 59 and 60: THE MPA IN ACTIONScoring principles
Page 61 and 62: THE MPA IN ACTION4.10 Quality contr
Page 63 and 64: THE MPA IN ACTIONExperiences with t
Page 65 and 66: THE MPA IN ACTION5Organizing and In
Page 67 and 68: Box 22 Gender and poverty analysis
Page 69 and 70: ORGANIZING AND INTERPRETING THE DAT
Page 79 and 80: PARTICIPATORY TOOLS USED IN THE MPA
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PARTICIPATORY TOOLS USED IN THE MPA
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Section 2MPAApplication Case Studie
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DO PROJECT RULES PROMOTE SUSTAINABI
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FROM THEORY TO PRACTICEDANIDA began
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FROM THEORY TO PRACTICE2. Key findi
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FROM THEORY TO PRACTICEReality of e
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FROM THEORY TO PRACTICEAdding Accou
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ADDING ACCOUNTABILITY FOR GENDER EQ
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Table 2WSLIC 2: ADDING POVERTY ACCO
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Table 3 (continued) ADDING PERFORMA
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LOOKING BACK TO SEE FORWARDMembers
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LOOKING BACK TO SEE FORWARDFigure 2
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LOOKING BACK TO SEE FORWARDFigure 2
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LOOKING BACK TO SEE FORWARD●●
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LOOKING BACK TO SEE FORWARDMPA core
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EFFECT OF THE MPA ON GENDER RELATIO
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EFFECT OF THE MPA ON GENDER RELATIO
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ACHIEVING SUSTAINED SANITATION FOR
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HOW WELL DID THOSE DEVELOPMENT PROJ
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HOW WELL DID THOSE DEVELOPMENT PROJ
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Appendix AInstitutions that current
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Appendix BProcess designed forPLA P
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StepNo.7.ProcessAsk “Were users e
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ReferencesBernard, Russel H. (1995)
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Wijk, Christine van. (1998). ‘Gen
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Water and Sanitation ProgramWater S
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Sustainability Planning and Monitoring

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