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The numismatic chronicle and journal of the Royal ... - IndianCoins.org

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<strong>of</strong> Borne was in itself sacred ;DIVUS AUGUSTUS. 277<strong>and</strong> Augustus was wiseenough to see <strong>the</strong> inadvisability <strong>of</strong> making innovationson <strong>the</strong> traditions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Sacra moneta, nor in laterdays did <strong>the</strong> vanity<strong>of</strong> even Domitian or Commodusinveigle <strong>the</strong>m into making <strong>the</strong> attempt. Augustushad, however, propagated <strong>the</strong> idea by issuing coins to<strong>the</strong> memory <strong>of</strong> Divus Julius. Tiberius carried it onby means <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Divus Augustus series. <strong>The</strong> logicalconclusion from this posthumous deification was thatdivine, or, at any rate,<strong>the</strong> emperor during his life was<strong>of</strong> a divine nature. But <strong>the</strong> coins <strong>of</strong> Caligula makeno mention <strong>of</strong> any apo<strong>the</strong>osis <strong>of</strong> Tiberius, nor do <strong>the</strong>coins <strong>of</strong> Claudius record that <strong>of</strong> Caligula.It is evident,<strong>the</strong>refore, that this logical conclusion had not yetfound definite expression, doubtless on account <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>disregard evinced by Caligula <strong>and</strong> Claudius for <strong>the</strong>irpredecessors so that, instead <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> deification <strong>of</strong>;each emperor in turn, we find during this period <strong>the</strong>only assertion <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>the</strong>ory lies in <strong>the</strong> repeated issue<strong>of</strong> coins in honour <strong>of</strong> Divus Augustus.This series, as we have seen, continues down to <strong>the</strong>time <strong>of</strong> Claudius. No references to <strong>the</strong> divine Augustusoccur on <strong>the</strong> coins <strong>of</strong> Nero, but distinct evidence <strong>of</strong>a development in <strong>the</strong> <strong>the</strong>ory <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> emperor's divinitymay be discovered in <strong>the</strong> two small symbols whichfrequently occur as adjuncts <strong>of</strong> Nero's portrait <strong>the</strong>aegis, an emblem <strong>of</strong> Jupiter, <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> globe, a symbol <strong>of</strong>universal dominion. Thus Nero not only arrogatedto himself <strong>the</strong> attributes <strong>of</strong> divinity, as Caligulaappears to have done, but went a step far<strong>the</strong>r bypublicly expressing <strong>the</strong> idea on <strong>the</strong> coinage. It is,moreover, not without significance that on many <strong>of</strong>his dupondii <strong>and</strong> brass asses Nero is represented wear-

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