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72 E. A. SYDENHAM.coins of Caligula. It reappears, however, for a shortperiod on semisses of Claudius, and is rather curiouslyrevived on a very rare copper as of Nero (vid. infra).be stated in passing that there is no doubtIt maythe famous Ara Romaethat the reverse type represents et Attgusto, erected near the confluence of the riversRhone and Arar, and dedicated by Augustus on Aug. 1,10 B.C. [Suet. Claud. 2].15The structure is shown tobe rectangular, decorated in front with a wreathbetween two laurel-trees in bas-relief. 16 At the ends,detached from the altar itself, are columns surmountedwith winged Victories, each holding a palm-branchand garland. Various suggestions have been made toand leftexplain the decorations on the extreme rightof the front, and of the eight small objects on the topof the altar. That the latter, in some way, symbolizethe Gallic tribes seems, however, the more probable.According to Strabo, there was an inscription onthe altar containing the names of the sixty-four Gallicstates, which were also symbolized by a correspondingnumber of statues. It is generally supposed thatthese statues were placed around the altar ; however, itseems quite plausible to imagine that they formed thecoins. The title is used, therefore, merely as a military distinction.Dio and Velleius state that Tiberius received the salutation seventimes, while according to other authorities he was saluted imperatorfor the eighth time in A.D. 16. The coins, however, make it clearthat IMP-VII occurs forthe last time with TR-P. XXIII (A.D.21),and IMP.VIII begins with TR-P-XXIIII.15For a refutation of the theory advanced by Dr.Willers (Numism.Zeit., xxxiv, 1902), that the type represents the ovarium of the circus,see article by M. Poncet and M. Morel (Revue Num., 1904, pp. 46 ff.),and by Max L. Strack (Bonner Jahrbucher, 111, 112, p. 442 f.),also Grueber, Corns of the Roman Republic, vol. ii, p. 439.16 Hill, Historical Roman Coins, p. 159.