Juliano et al. - 1993 - Grain Quality Evaluation of World Rices

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graph set-back ( r = –0.89**, n = 9) and consistency ( r = –0.92**), and AC ( r = –0.98**). Amylose content also correlated with Amylograph setback ( r = 0.82**, n = 14) and consistency ( r = 0.86**). Pakistan A nnual rough rice production in Pakistan was 4.8 million t in 1989 (FAO 1990b). Annual consumption of milled rice per capita in 1979-81 was 23 kg (FAO 1984) and 21 kg (Duff 1991) or 19.2 kg (RCMD 1989) in 1988. Milled rice supply per capita in 1986- 88 was 16 kg (FAO 1990a, IRRI 1991). About 95% of Pakistan’s rice production is concentrated in Punjab and Sind (Dalrymple 1986). In Punjab, 1.1 million ha are grown to Basmati rice and 0.1 million ha to IR6-type rices (A. Majid, Rice Research Institute, 1990, pers. commun.). More than 80% of the 1989 Basmati crop is Basmati 385 (PK487), which has yielded 50% more than Basmati 370. Mehran 69 (IR6-156-2) is the principal variety in the Dokri region. Market samples of Basmati had intermediate AC; IRRI-6 had high AC (RCMD 1987, 1989). Rices from Pakistan had mainly intermediate-high AC, low GT, and hard GC (Table 5). Both fine aromatic, elongating Basmati-type rices and coarse IR6(Mehran)-type rices from Pakistan were represented (Appendix). Grain was medium or long, and slender or medium-shaped. Good Basmati rices had uniformly chalky grain, intermediate AC, low GT, and medium GC (represented by the Punjab crop). The Dokri crop had intermediate GT and less elongation. Basmati 385 had properties similar to those of Basmati 370, including elongation, but it yielded more. Mehran 69 had better eating quality than IR8, but similar properties (high AC, low GT, hard GC), probably because of its more slender grain. Both Mehran 69 and Basmati rices were exported. Basmati-type rices gave lower Amylograph setback and consistency and cooked rice Instron hardness than IR6-type rices. Cooked rice hardness correlated significantly with AC ( r = 0.65**, n = 28), Amylograph setback ( r = 0.69**, n = 19) and consistency ( r = 0.62**), and alkali spreading value ( r = 0.54**, n = 28). Amylose content also correlated with Amylograph setback ( r = 0.74**, n = 33) and consistency ( r = 0.66**). Gel consistency and alkali spreading values were correlated ( r = –0.47**, n = 55). Asia 27
Philippines T he Philippines produced 9.5 million t of rough rice in 1989 (FAO 1990b). Annual consumption of milled rice per capita in 1979-81 was 91 kg (IRRI 1991) and 105 kg in 1988 (Duff 1991). Milled rice supply per capita in 1986-88 was 90 kg (FAO 1990a, IRRI 1991). Rices with intermediate AC and soft GC are preferred (Merca et al 1979; P.B. Escuro, Rice Varietal Improvement, Philippine Rice Research Institute, College, Laguna, 1990, pers. commun.). Three market samples of local rices had 22-25% AC (RCMD 1989). Grain size was mostly medium, followed by short and long. Shape was predominantly medium, then slender or bold. All IR varieties were included under the Philippines (Appendix). Most had high AC, low-intermediate GT, and variable GC (Table 5) as reported by Khush and Juliano (1985). The softer textured rices such as IR5, IR32, IR62, IR66, and IR72 had soft GC and intermediate GT characteristic of traditional varieties. Among the two intermediate-AC rices, IR64 had softer cooked rice than IR48 (low GT), but cooked IR64 tended to harden quickly when stored. IR24 and IR43, the low-AC rices, had sticky cooked rices. Waxy IR29 and IR65 had replaced Malagkit Sungsong, a japonica variety, in waxy rice preparations, but they lacked the tackiness and aroma of Malagkit Sungsong. Waxy rices included low- and high-GT samples and black Tapol and Perurutong rices. The traditional upland varieties Kinandang Patong, Milagrosa, Dinorado, Intan, and Palawan had 18-22% AC and low-intermediate GT, suggesting preference for this AC range. C4-63 had intermediate AC. Wagwag was a medium slender variety popular in Luzon with high AC and intermediate GT. IR42, with similar grain size and shape, substituted for it (Juliano et al 1989). The new upland variety Makiling had intermediate AC. Amylograph viscosity and cooked rice Instron hardness varied widely: it was lowest for waxy rices and highest for high-amylose rices (Appendix). Waxy rices varied widely in Amylograph peak viscosity, most of them with
Page 2 and 3: Grain Quality Evaluation of World R
Page 4 and 5: Contents Foreword vii Abstract viii
Page 6: Russia 61 Spain 62 Summary 63 Afric
Page 9 and 10: Abstract P hysicochemical data on p
Page 12 and 13: Introduction D ata bases are availa
Page 15: Table 2. Classification of properti
Page 18 and 19: (100:2 w/w) using a Labconco or Kin
Page 20 and 21: Gel consistency Rice flour prepared
Page 22 and 23: excessive pressure on the load cell
Page 24 and 25: Asia I n 1989, Asia produced 449.3
Page 27 and 28: Most Bangladeshi rice varieties are
Page 29 and 30: Cambodia A nnual rough rice product
Page 31 and 32: Type III, high-AC rice, has low wat
Page 33 and 34: Iran T he rough rice production in
Page 35 and 36: The Korean varieties had low-interm
Page 37 and 38: Serendah Kuning had high AC, with e
Page 39: all had low AC (except for Khaupher
Page 43 and 44: elatively low AC (Y.C. Teng, Counci
Page 45 and 46: other market samples had low AC, ex
Page 47 and 48: Summary Medium grains predominate i
Page 49 and 50: Grain length and width were negativ
Page 51: Table 6. Protein content and classi
Page 54 and 55: (Dalrymple 1986). A market sample o
Page 56 and 57: ack ( r = 0.89*) and peak viscosity
Page 58 and 59: IRRI analyses confirmed Webb's phys
Page 60 and 61: BraziI A nnual rough rice productio
Page 62 and 63: long, slender grain and translucenc
Page 64 and 65: Rices from Paraguay had mostly high
Page 66 and 67: Venezuela R ough rice production in
Page 69 and 70: Europe E urope produced 2.2 million
Page 72 and 73: France F rance produced 96,000 t of
Page 74 and 75: no aroma. A market sample of short-
Page 76 and 77: low GT, and mainly soft GC (Table 7
Page 78: Summary The japonica type varieties
Page 81: Table 8. Protein content and classi
Page 84 and 85: setback ( r = 0.92**, n = 12) and c
Page 86 and 87: Suakoko 8, well-suited for cultivat
Page 88 and 89: unpubl. data). Protein content was
Page 90 and 91:
Sierra Leone R ough rice production
Page 92 and 93:
Summary High-AC rices predominate i
Page 94 and 95:
Table 9. Classification of O. glabe
Page 96:
Table 11. Summary of protein conten
Page 99 and 100:
References cited Adewusi A O, Nyant
Page 101 and 102:
Juliano B O (1985) Criteria and tes
Page 103 and 104:
Acknowledgments The data on propert
Page 105 and 106:
France — Laboratoire de Cereales,
Page 107 and 108:
Sources of 1990 grain quality infor
Page 109 and 110:
Cross reference index of variety na
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Acronyms of rice varieties/lines Co
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H H H HSC IAC ICA ICTA IET IGP INIA
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RP RPW RTN RU S SL SLU SML SPR SR T
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Appendix Quality characteristics of
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Date Amy- Alkali Gel Amylograph vis
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Date Crop analyzed year (mo) (yr) A
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Crop year Date analyzed (mo) (yr) A
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Juliano et al. - 1993 - Grain Quality Evaluation of World Rices

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