Juliano et al. - 1993 - Grain Quality Evaluation of World Rices

Oceania
Australia
A
ustralia
produced 0.8 million t of rough rice in 1989 (FAO
1990b). Annual milled rice consumption in 1979-81 was 6 kg/
capita (FAO 1984) and 5.84 kg in 1988 (RCMD 1989). Milled
rice supply per capita was 6.0 kg in 1986-88 (FAO 1990a).
Both medium- (70%) and long-grained (30%) varieties are grown
(RCMD 1989). Medium-grained varieties are Calrose type (A.B.
Blakeney, Yanco Agricultural Institute, 1990, pers. commun.).
Amaroo was the major variety; Echuca (YRM6) was planted late.
Bogan yielded poorly but had better translucency than Echuca. YRB1
had white belly similar to that of Amaroo and the Spanish variety
Bahia. All had low AC, low GT, and soft GC (Appendix).
Australian rices had mainly low AC, low GT, and soft GC (Table 5).
Grain size varied from long to short; shape was slender to bold
(Appendix). The major long-grained variety was Pelde, which had
soft-textured cooked rice. Pelde replaced Inga, which had a problem
with chalkiness during some seasons (Blakeney 1979). YRF6 (Goolarah)
had high aroma, soft, long grain, very good translucency, and
intermediate cooked grain expansion. YRF6 is similar to Thai jasmine
rice. Both had low AC, low GT, and soft GC (Appendix).
YRL25 (Doonqara) is a firm-cooking, long-grained variety with
high AC, low GT, and soft GC. Queensland produced long-grained
rices from the southern USA, such as Finn and Lamont, Queensland
Bluebonnet had 23% AC; Inga from New South Wales, 17-18% AC; and
Calrose, 18% AC (RCMD 1987). Doonqara had the hardest cooked rice
Instron value. Yau Jim rice, obtained from Hongkong as an Australian
import, was probably not Australian because of its high AC (29%).