Juliano et al. - 1993 - Grain Quality Evaluation of World Rices

Guatemala
G
uatemala produced 51,000 t of rough rice in 1989 (FAO 1990b).
Annual per capita consumption of milled rice in 1979-81 was
4 kg (FAO 1984). Milled rice supply per capita in 1986-88 was
4.4 kg/yr (FAO 1990a). About 60% of total rice area in 1980 was planted
to Tikal 2, a sister line of CICA 9 (Dalrymple 1986).
Guatemalan rices had predominantly high AC, low GT, and variable
GC (Table 6, Appendix). ICTA Motagua Lisa and Pico Negro were
the two intermediate AC rices. Pico Negro had the softest gel consistency
and Instron cooked rice and also the lowest Amylograph setback
and consistency. Grains were long and slender.
Grain length and width were correlated ( r = 0.86*, n = 8). Gel
consistency correlated significantly with Amylograph setback
( r = –0.91**, n = 7) and consistency ( r = –0.86**), cooked rice hardness
( r = –0.81*) and grain width ( r = 0.73*). Cooked rice hardness correlated
with Amylograph setback ( r = 0.88**, n = 7) and grain length ( r = 0.85*).
Grain length and Amylograph setback were also correlated ( r = 0.87*,
n = 7).
Haiti
H
aiti
produced 108,000 t rough rice in 1989 (FAO 1990b). Rice
availability per capita in 1986-88 was 14 kg/yr (FAO 1990a).
During 1983-84, the rice area was fairly evenly divided among
ODVA 1, MCE 3, and Quisqueya (Dalrymple 1986).
The six samples had 6-7% protein and had either high AC, low GT,
soft GC, or intermediate AC and GT and medium GC (Table 6). The
high-AC rices were medium- or long-grained with medium shape; the
intermediate-AC rices were medium or long and slender (Appendix).
Setback was positive for the high-AC rices but negative for the intermediate-AC
rices. Crête a Pierrot had the highest Amylograph peak
viscosity. Amylograph consistency overlapped between the two AC
types.
Cooked rice Instron hardness correlated with Amylograph setback
viscosity ( r = 0.90*, n = 6), AC ( r = 0.88*), alkali spreading value
( r = 0.89*), GC ( r = 0.84*), and grain width ( r = 0.94**). Amylose content
also correlated strongly with GC ( r = 0.93**) and Amylograph setback
viscosity ( r = 0.94**), as well as with alkali spreading value ( r = 0.82*),
grain width ( r = 0.91*), and Amylograph peak viscosity ( r = –0.88*).
Alkali spreading value correlated significantly with Amylograph set
North, Central, and South America 41