Juliano et al. - 1993 - Grain Quality Evaluation of World Rices

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North, Central, and South America North and Central America T otal rough rice production in 1988 was 9.5 million t (1.9% of world total) (FAO 1990b). Rough rice food supply in 1986-88 was 5.2 million t (FAO 1990a) and per capita food supply was 9 kg milled rice/yr (FAO 1990a). Costa Rica C osta Rica produced 234,000 t of rough rice in 1989 (FAO 1990b). Annual consumption of milled rice in 1979-81 was 37 kg/capita (FAO 1984). Mean annual supply of milled rice per capita in 1986-88 was 40 kg (FAO 1990a). Seed sales in 1983 were 90.6% CR1113,7.0% CR5272, and 2.4% CR201 (Dalrymple 1986). Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT) estimated that 72,300 ha were planted to modern varieties in 1981-82, virtually all of it (97%) as upland rice. CR1113 had high AC, low GT, and hard GC, whereas CR5272 had intermediate AC (Table 6, Appendix). CR1821 had high AC and the highest Amylograph setback and consistency. Samples showed high Instron cooked rice hardness. The high Amylograph setback and consistency, cooked rice Instron hardness, hard GC, and high protein suggest that all are probably high-AC rices. The decrease in AC may be partially because of high protein content. CR1113 and CR1707 were long-grained; CR1821 and CR5272, medium-grained. Shape was mainly slender (CR1821 was medium). Amylograph peak viscosity correlated with protein content (r = 0.99**, n = 3) and grain width (r = –0.99**).
Table 6. Protein content and classification of milled rice in the Americas based on apparent AC, final GT, and GC. IRRI, 1963-91. Source North America Costa Rica Cuba Dominican Republic El Salvador Guatemala Haiti Mexico Panama USA Total South America Argentina Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Ecuador Guyana Paraguay Peru Surinam Venezuela Total Sample Protein (%) AC a GT b GC c (no.) Range Mean Wx VL L I H L I HI H S M H 4 9-13 10.5 0 0 0 2 2 4 0 0 0 0 0 4 27 6- 9 7.5 0 0 10 7 10 17 9 1 0 11 12 4 9 4- 9 7.6 0 0 1 2 6 8 1 0 0 0 1 8 12 6-11 8.2 0 0 0 5 7 11 1 0 0 4 3 5 8 6- 8 6.8 0 0 0 2 6 8 0 0 0 1 4 3 6 6- 7 6.0 0 0 0 2 4 2 4 0 0 4 2 0 35 5-11 7.2 0 0 1 12 22 18 14 3 0 18 10 7 2 6 6.2 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 87 5-10 7.0 5 1 40 23 18 53 28 4 2 46 21 7 190 4-13 7.2 5 1 52 55 77 125 55 8 2 84 53 40 46 6- 9 7.6 0 0 23 16 7 33 10 3 0 28 14 4 6 7-10 8.2 0 0 1 5 0 6 0 0 0 1 4 1 91 5-13 8.5 0 0 23 26 42 74 15 1 1 23 24 44 14 6-10 7.4 0 0 5 9 0 14 0 0 0 14 0 0 27 6-11 7.6 0 0 0 7 20 23 4 0 0 7 10 8 17 6- 8 6.4 0 0 0 3 14 17 0 0 0 1 6 10 10 7-12 8.8 0 0 0 4 6 5 5 0 0 1 3 6 15 7-10 8.4 0 0 1 2 12 15 0 0 0 0 2 13 35 5-11 7.7 0 0 11 8 16 31 3 1 0 12 7 8 34 6-10 7.5 0 0 8 15 11 9 21 3 1 20 9 2 6 6- 7 7.1 0 0 0 0 6 6 0 0 0 0 3 3 301 5-13 7.9 0 0 72 95 134 233 58 8 2 107 82 99 a Wx = waxy (0-5.0%), VL =very low (5.1-12.0%), L = low (12.1-20.0%), I = intermediate (20.1-25.0%), and H = high (>25%). b Indexed by alkali spreading value: L = low (6-7), I = intermediate (4-5), HI = high-intermediate (3). and H = high (2). c Only samples analyzed from mid-1971 have gel consistency values: S = soft (61-100 mm), M = medium (41-60 mm), and H = hard (25-40 mm).
Page 2 and 3: Grain Quality Evaluation of World R
Page 4 and 5: Contents Foreword vii Abstract viii
Page 6: Russia 61 Spain 62 Summary 63 Afric
Page 9 and 10: Abstract P hysicochemical data on p
Page 12 and 13: Introduction D ata bases are availa
Page 15: Table 2. Classification of properti
Page 18 and 19: (100:2 w/w) using a Labconco or Kin
Page 20 and 21: Gel consistency Rice flour prepared
Page 22 and 23: excessive pressure on the load cell
Page 24 and 25: Asia I n 1989, Asia produced 449.3
Page 27 and 28: Most Bangladeshi rice varieties are
Page 29 and 30: Cambodia A nnual rough rice product
Page 31 and 32: Type III, high-AC rice, has low wat
Page 33 and 34: Iran T he rough rice production in
Page 35 and 36: The Korean varieties had low-interm
Page 37 and 38: Serendah Kuning had high AC, with e
Page 39 and 40: all had low AC (except for Khaupher
Page 41 and 42: Philippines T he Philippines produc
Page 43 and 44: elatively low AC (Y.C. Teng, Counci
Page 45 and 46: other market samples had low AC, ex
Page 47 and 48: Summary Medium grains predominate i
Page 49: Grain length and width were negativ
Page 54 and 55: (Dalrymple 1986). A market sample o
Page 56 and 57: ack ( r = 0.89*) and peak viscosity
Page 58 and 59: IRRI analyses confirmed Webb's phys
Page 60 and 61: BraziI A nnual rough rice productio
Page 62 and 63: long, slender grain and translucenc
Page 64 and 65: Rices from Paraguay had mostly high
Page 66 and 67: Venezuela R ough rice production in
Page 69 and 70: Europe E urope produced 2.2 million
Page 72 and 73: France F rance produced 96,000 t of
Page 74 and 75: no aroma. A market sample of short-
Page 76 and 77: low GT, and mainly soft GC (Table 7
Page 78: Summary The japonica type varieties
Page 81: Table 8. Protein content and classi
Page 84 and 85: setback ( r = 0.92**, n = 12) and c
Page 86 and 87: Suakoko 8, well-suited for cultivat
Page 88 and 89: unpubl. data). Protein content was
Page 90 and 91: Sierra Leone R ough rice production
Page 92 and 93: Summary High-AC rices predominate i
Page 94 and 95: Table 9. Classification of O. glabe
Page 96: Table 11. Summary of protein conten
Page 99 and 100: References cited Adewusi A O, Nyant
Page 101 and 102:
Juliano B O (1985) Criteria and tes
Page 103 and 104:
Acknowledgments The data on propert
Page 105 and 106:
France — Laboratoire de Cereales,
Page 107 and 108:
Sources of 1990 grain quality infor
Page 109 and 110:
Cross reference index of variety na
Page 111 and 112:
Acronyms of rice varieties/lines Co
Page 113 and 114:
H H H HSC IAC ICA ICTA IET IGP INIA
Page 115 and 116:
RP RPW RTN RU S SL SLU SML SPR SR T
Page 117:
Appendix Quality characteristics of
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Date Amy- Alkali Gel Amylograph vis
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Date Crop analyzed year (mo) (yr) A
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Date Amy- Alkali Gel AMylograph vis
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