Juliano et al. - 1993 - Grain Quality Evaluation of World Rices

Rices from Paraguay had mostly high AC, low GT, and hard GC
(Table 6). Of the 15 rices analyzed from the 1990 crop, 12 had high AC,
Bluebelle and CICA6 had intermediate AC, and Vista had low AC
(Appendix). CEA-1 and Vista had medium GC. Vista had the softest
cooked rice and the lowest L-W ratio of 2.4. Long slender grains predominated.
Cooked rice hardness correlated with Amylograph setback
( r = 0.88**, n = 15) and consistency ( r = 0.76**), AC ( r = 0.88**), and GC
( r = –0.75**). Amylose content correlated significantly with Amylograph
setback ( r = –0.73**) and consistency ( r = –0.68**), and GC
( r = –0.82**). Gel consistency in turn correlated significantly with Amylograph
setback ( r = –0.73**) and consistency ( r = –0.68**). Grain length
correlated with GC ( r = –0.61*) and AC ( r = –0.59*) and grain width
correlated with Amylograph setback ( r = 0.52*) and consistency
( r = –0.56**).
Peru
R
ough
rice production in Peru was 1.1 million t in 1989 (FAO
1990b). Annual per capita consumption of milled rice was 28 kg
in 1979-81 (FAO 1984) and 34 kg in 1986-88 (FAO 1990a).
Important varieties in the Costa region are Inti, Viflor, and Amazonas;
San Martin and Alto Mayo are important in the Selva Alta region
(J.L. Hernandez, Instituto Nacional de Investigacion Agraria y Agroindustrial
Peru, 1990, pers. commun.). Amazonas has soft texture and
flavor. Consumer preferences may change because of the new free
market system in which US rices, such as Bluebelle and Labelle, can be
imported. More than 60% of the rice area in Alto Mayo was planted to
CICA8 in 1984 (Dalrymple 1986). A market sample of Ecasa rice had
18% AC (RCMD 1987).
Peruvian rices had all nonwaxy AC types, mostly low GT, and
variable GC (Table 6). Among the varieties mentioned above, Inti,
Viflor, and Amazonas had low AC and GT. San Martin and Alto Mayo
had intermediate AC, low GT, and medium GC (Appendix). High-AC
rices predominated (Table 6). The soft texture and flavor of Amazonas
may be due to its low AC. All were long-grained rices, although San
Martin was only 6.5 mm long with L-W ratio of 2.6. Earlier maturing,
short, medium-shaped grain varieties were Mochica and Radin China.
Grain size was more often long than medium and grain shape more
medium than slender.
50 Grain quality evaluation of world rices