Juliano et al. - 1993 - Grain Quality Evaluation of World Rices

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(Dalrymple 1986). A market sample of selection Tono Brea had high AC (RCMD 1987). The rice samples had mainly high AC, low GT, and variable GC (Table 6, Appendix). Of seven varieties analyzed in 1989-90, Juma 63 had low AC, intermediate GT, and medium GC (Appendix). Juma 57 and Tanioka had intermediate AC. The rest had high AC, low GT, and hard GC. Grains were fissured, dimensions could not be measured. Juma 58 had long, slender- to medium-shaped grain. Juma 63 had the softest cooked rice and Juma 61 had the hardest; Amylograph setback and consistency values confirmed this. Cooked rice hardness correlated with Amylograph setback ( r = 0.98**, n = 7) and consistency ( r = 0.96**), AC ( r = 0.96**), alkali spreading value ( r = 0.89**), and GC ( r = –0.97**). Amylose content correlated with GC ( r = –0.94**, n = 9), alkali spreading value ( r = 0.93**), and Amylograph setback ( r = 0.90**, n = 7) and consistency ( r = 0.86*). Gel consistency also correlated with alkali spreading value ( r = –0.94**, n = 9) and Amylograph setback ( r = –0.93**, n = 7) and consistency (r = –0.89**). Alkali spreading value also correlated with Amylograph setback ( r = 0.80*, n = 7). El Salvador R ough rice production in El Salvador was 63,000 t in 1989 (FAO 1990b). Annual consumption of milled rice per capita in 1986- 88 was 10 kg (FAO 1990a). Modern varieties grown in El Salvador in the early 1980s included CR1113, Nilo 9, Nilo 11, X-10, CICA 4, CICA 6, CENTA A2, and CENTA A3 (Dalrymple 1986). The rices had high-intermediate AC, low GT, and variable GC (Table 6). Rices received for the 1979 crop had predominantly intermediate AC (Appendix). All the 1990 crop samples had high AC and low GT. Grain was mainly long and slender or medium-shaped. CENTA A5 had extra long, slender grain and gave the softest cooked rice among the samples. The high-AC samples in 1979, Nilo 1 and CICA-9, also had soft cooked rice. Cooked rice hardness correlated with GC ( r = –0.83**, n = 12), Amylograph setback ( r = 0.88**, n = 12) and consistency ( r = 0.87**), and grainlength ( r = –0.92*, n = 5) and width ( r = 0.90*). Gel consistency also correlated with Amylograph setback ( r = –0.78**, n = 12) and consistency ( r= –081**), and alkali spreading value ( r = –0.82**). Amylograph viscosity correlated with protein content ( r = –0.76**). 40 Gram quality evaluation of world rices
Guatemala G uatemala produced 51,000 t of rough rice in 1989 (FAO 1990b). Annual per capita consumption of milled rice in 1979-81 was 4 kg (FAO 1984). Milled rice supply per capita in 1986-88 was 4.4 kg/yr (FAO 1990a). About 60% of total rice area in 1980 was planted to Tikal 2, a sister line of CICA 9 (Dalrymple 1986). Guatemalan rices had predominantly high AC, low GT, and variable GC (Table 6, Appendix). ICTA Motagua Lisa and Pico Negro were the two intermediate AC rices. Pico Negro had the softest gel consistency and Instron cooked rice and also the lowest Amylograph setback and consistency. Grains were long and slender. Grain length and width were correlated ( r = 0.86*, n = 8). Gel consistency correlated significantly with Amylograph setback ( r = –0.91**, n = 7) and consistency ( r = –0.86**), cooked rice hardness ( r = –0.81*) and grain width ( r = 0.73*). Cooked rice hardness correlated with Amylograph setback ( r = 0.88**, n = 7) and grain length ( r = 0.85*). Grain length and Amylograph setback were also correlated ( r = 0.87*, n = 7). Haiti H aiti produced 108,000 t rough rice in 1989 (FAO 1990b). Rice availability per capita in 1986-88 was 14 kg/yr (FAO 1990a). During 1983-84, the rice area was fairly evenly divided among ODVA 1, MCE 3, and Quisqueya (Dalrymple 1986). The six samples had 6-7% protein and had either high AC, low GT, soft GC, or intermediate AC and GT and medium GC (Table 6). The high-AC rices were medium- or long-grained with medium shape; the intermediate-AC rices were medium or long and slender (Appendix). Setback was positive for the high-AC rices but negative for the intermediate-AC rices. Crête a Pierrot had the highest Amylograph peak viscosity. Amylograph consistency overlapped between the two AC types. Cooked rice Instron hardness correlated with Amylograph setback viscosity ( r = 0.90*, n = 6), AC ( r = 0.88*), alkali spreading value ( r = 0.89*), GC ( r = 0.84*), and grain width ( r = 0.94**). Amylose content also correlated strongly with GC ( r = 0.93**) and Amylograph setback viscosity ( r = 0.94**), as well as with alkali spreading value ( r = 0.82*), grain width ( r = 0.91*), and Amylograph peak viscosity ( r = –0.88*). Alkali spreading value correlated significantly with Amylograph set North, Central, and South America 41
Page 2 and 3:
Grain Quality Evaluation of World R
Page 4 and 5: Contents Foreword vii Abstract viii
Page 6: Russia 61 Spain 62 Summary 63 Afric
Page 9 and 10: Abstract P hysicochemical data on p
Page 12 and 13: Introduction D ata bases are availa
Page 15: Table 2. Classification of properti
Page 18 and 19: (100:2 w/w) using a Labconco or Kin
Page 20 and 21: Gel consistency Rice flour prepared
Page 22 and 23: excessive pressure on the load cell
Page 24 and 25: Asia I n 1989, Asia produced 449.3
Page 27 and 28: Most Bangladeshi rice varieties are
Page 29 and 30: Cambodia A nnual rough rice product
Page 31 and 32: Type III, high-AC rice, has low wat
Page 33 and 34: Iran T he rough rice production in
Page 35 and 36: The Korean varieties had low-interm
Page 37 and 38: Serendah Kuning had high AC, with e
Page 39 and 40: all had low AC (except for Khaupher
Page 41 and 42: Philippines T he Philippines produc
Page 43 and 44: elatively low AC (Y.C. Teng, Counci
Page 45 and 46: other market samples had low AC, ex
Page 47 and 48: Summary Medium grains predominate i
Page 49 and 50: Grain length and width were negativ
Page 51: Table 6. Protein content and classi
Page 56 and 57: ack ( r = 0.89*) and peak viscosity
Page 58 and 59: IRRI analyses confirmed Webb's phys
Page 60 and 61: BraziI A nnual rough rice productio
Page 62 and 63: long, slender grain and translucenc
Page 64 and 65: Rices from Paraguay had mostly high
Page 66 and 67: Venezuela R ough rice production in
Page 69 and 70: Europe E urope produced 2.2 million
Page 72 and 73: France F rance produced 96,000 t of
Page 74 and 75: no aroma. A market sample of short-
Page 76 and 77: low GT, and mainly soft GC (Table 7
Page 78: Summary The japonica type varieties
Page 81: Table 8. Protein content and classi
Page 84 and 85: setback ( r = 0.92**, n = 12) and c
Page 86 and 87: Suakoko 8, well-suited for cultivat
Page 88 and 89: unpubl. data). Protein content was
Page 90 and 91: Sierra Leone R ough rice production
Page 92 and 93: Summary High-AC rices predominate i
Page 94 and 95: Table 9. Classification of O. glabe
Page 96: Table 11. Summary of protein conten
Page 99 and 100: References cited Adewusi A O, Nyant
Page 101 and 102: Juliano B O (1985) Criteria and tes
Page 103 and 104: Acknowledgments The data on propert
Page 105 and 106:
France — Laboratoire de Cereales,
Page 107 and 108:
Sources of 1990 grain quality infor
Page 109 and 110:
Cross reference index of variety na
Page 111 and 112:
Acronyms of rice varieties/lines Co
Page 113 and 114:
H H H HSC IAC ICA ICTA IET IGP INIA
Page 115 and 116:
RP RPW RTN RU S SL SLU SML SPR SR T
Page 117:
Appendix Quality characteristics of
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Date Amy- Alkali Gel Amylograph vis
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Date Crop analyzed year (mo) (yr) A
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Date Amy- Alkali Gel AMylograph vis
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Crop year Date analyzed (mo) (yr) A
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