POLLINATORS POLLINATION AND FOOD PRODUCTION

THE ASSESSMENT REPORT ON POLLINATORS, POLLINATION AND FOOD PRODUCTION
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5. BIOCULTURAL DIVERSITY, POLLINATORS AND
THEIR SOCIO-CULTURAL VALUES
Non-destructive honey hunting is also recognized as
useful to pollinator protection and rural livelihoods (Joshi
and Gurung, 2005). The Indonesia Forest Honey Network
(JHMI), a network of producers, is assisting honey hunters
to market their products with a premium for their sustainable
practices (Césard and Heri, 2015). Support for local honey
harvesters in the Bijagos Islands of Guinea Bissau has
enabled them to adopt non-destructive practices that
maintain rather than damage pollination resources (Case
example 5-25).
5.4.7 Management and mitigation
options most relevant as
integrated responses
5.4.7.1 Values and frames approaches to
conservation
“Values and frames approaches to conservation”
encapsulated a range of new methods that focus on
framing conservation to link with peoples’ values. These
new methods respond to evidence that societal concerns
about pressing problems including global poverty, climate
change and biodiversity loss, are relatively low compared
to others such as terrorism, health care and the economy
(Novacek, 2008). The response of concerned scientists has
been to provide more and more factual evidence, based on
a deficit model of communication that assumes this lack of
concern is grounded in ignorance (Groffman et al., 2010).
However, human judgements are highly influenced by overall
FIGURE 5-26
The “Wonder of Discovery”
poster showing some
socio-cultural values of
pollinators (Vibbert, 2013).
© Pollination Partnership.
Reproduced with
permission.
feelings and emotions, understood through metaphors,
and how these connect to their most important values and
frames (Lakoff and Johnson, 1980; Lakoff, 2004; Crompton,
2010). Values and frames approaches are therefore
integrated responses to the key risk identified above that
people’s experiences of the causes of pollinator decline are
mostly of multiple interacting threats that impact widely on
their values.
Values and frames approaches are relatively new in
pollination-specific context, although such organisations
explicitly undertaking these approaches to promote
conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services
generally are now established in 12 countries, including
Australia, Sweden and Brazil. Examples in the pollinationspecific
context include the Faith Task Force that has
produced publications on the linkages between several
major religions and pollination (NAPPC Faith Task Force,
2012). Other initiatives are linking the art, literature, music
and religious significance of bees and others to the
scientific understanding of their roles in food production
— enabling artists, writers and others to become involved
in and supportive of impact management and mitigation.
The Pollinator Pathway project, initiated by artist Sarah
Bergman, is a good example of this type of approach,
linking the values of art, design and ecology. The “Wonder
of Discovery” (Figure 5-26) similarly links people’s values
with pollinators, showing engagement as bat and butterfly
observers, monarch butterfly taggers, beekeepers,
gardeners and through SHARE (Simply Have Areas
Reserved for the Environment) (Vibbert, 2013).