POLLINATORS POLLINATION AND FOOD PRODUCTION

THE ASSESSMENT REPORT ON POLLINATORS, POLLINATION AND FOOD PRODUCTION
Insectory strip
Linear areas of land within or at the edges
of fields, farms, or other areas (rights of
way, riparian areas, etc.) where plants
are encouraged to grow, often for the
benefit of various beneficial animals (e.g.,
predators of pests, biological control
agents, pollinators and other wildlife).
Institutions and governance systems
and other indirect drivers see Drivers,
institutions and governance systems and
other indirect drivers.
Instrumental value
Also known as extrinsic value or
contributory value, it is the value of
objects, both physical objects and
abstract objects, not as ends-inthemselves,
but as means of achieving
something else. It is often contrasted with
items of intrinsic value. It is studied in the
field of value theory.
Intrinsic value
The ethical or philosophical value that an
object has, in and of itself. It is the actual
value of an asset based on underlying
perceptions of both tangible and intangible
factors.
Introduced pollinator
A pollinator species living outside its native
distributional range (see Exotic pollinator).
Invasive pollinator
A pollinator species that, once it has been
introduced outside its native distributional
range, has a tendency to spread without
direct human assistance.
Invasive species
A species that, once it has been
introduced outside its native distributional
range, has a tendency to spread over
space without direct human assistance.
IPM (= Integrated Pest Management)
Is also known as Integrated Pest Control
(IPC). It is a broadly-based approach
that integrates various practices for
economic control of pests (q.v.). IPM
aims to suppress pest populations below
the economic injury level (i.e., to below
the level that the costs of further control
outweigh the benefits derived). It involves
careful consideration of all available pest
control techniques and then integration
of appropriate measures to discourage
development of pest populations while
keeping pesticides and other interventions
to economically justifiable levels with
minimal risks to human health and
the environment. IPM emphasizes the
growth of a healthy crop with the least
possible disruption to agro-ecosystems
and encourages natural pest control
mechanisms.
K
Knowledge systems
Organized structures and dynamic
processes (a) generating and representing
content, components, classes, or types of
knowledge, that are (b) domain-specific or
characterized by domain-relevant features
as defined by the user or consumer, (c)
reinforced by a set of logical relationships
that connect the content of knowledge
to its value (utility), (d) enhanced by a
set of iterative processes that enable
the evolution, revision, adaptation, and
advances, and (e) subject to criteria of
relevance, reliability, and quality.
L
Landscape composition
The abundances of patch types
represented within a landscape.
Composition is not spatially explicit
because it refers only to the variety and
abundance of patch types, but not their
placement or location (dispersion) in the
landscape.
Landscape configuration
The distribution, size and abundances
of patch types represented within a
landscape. Configuration is spatially
explicit because it refers not only to the
variety and abundance of patch types,
but also to their placement or location
(dispersion) in the landscape.
Landscape planning
An activity concerned with reconciling
competing land uses while protecting
natural processes and significant cultural
and natural resources.
Local
adj. Referring to places, people, things
or events within a short distance of an
identified locality.
Local community
A group of individuals that interact within
their immediate surroundings and/or
direct mutual influences in their daily life.
In this sense, a rural village, a clan in
transhumance or the inhabitants of an
urban neighbourhood can be considered
a “local community”, but not all the
inhabitants of a district, a city quarter or
even a rural town. A local community
could be permanently settled or mobile.
M
Managed pollinator
A kind of pollinator that is maintained by
human beings through husbandry (e.g.
some honey bees, some leafcutting and
orchard bees, some bumble bees). The
terms can be broadened to include wild
pollinators (q.v.) that flourish by human
encouragement.
Mitigation
Lessening the force or intensity of
something that can result in disbenefits.
Modern agroecological management
systems
Any system of agriculture that uses
modern technology from conventional
(q.v.) to organic (q.v.)
Monetary valuation
The amount of value an item or a service
has in relation to its acceptable cash price
for a willing seller and buyer.
Monoculture
The cultivation or growth of only one
agricultural product in a given area (field,
farm, garden, forest).
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