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POLLINATORS POLLINATION AND FOOD PRODUCTION

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THE ASSESSMENT REPORT ON <strong>POLLINATORS</strong>, <strong>POLLINATION</strong> <strong>AND</strong> <strong>FOOD</strong> <strong>PRODUCTION</strong><br />

20<br />

1. BACKGROUND TO <strong>POLLINATORS</strong>,<br />

<strong>POLLINATION</strong> <strong>AND</strong> <strong>FOOD</strong> <strong>PRODUCTION</strong><br />

of the vulnerability of world agriculture<br />

confronted with pollinator decline.<br />

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A.M., Cunningham, S.A. and Harder,<br />

L.D. (2011a) Global growth and stability of<br />

agricultural yield decrease with pollinator<br />

dependence. Proceedings of the National<br />

Academy of Sciences, 108, 5909-5914.<br />

Garibaldi, L.A., Carvalheiro, L.G.,<br />

Leonhardt, S.D., Aizen, M.A., Blaauw,<br />

B.R., Isaacs, R., Kuhlmann, M., Kleijn,<br />

D., Klein, A.M., Kremen, C., Morandin,<br />

L., Scheper, J. and Winfree, R. (2014)<br />

From research to action: enhancing crop<br />

yield through wild pollinators. Frontiers in<br />

Ecology and the Environment, 12, 439-<br />

447.<br />

Garibaldi, L.A., Steffan-Dewenter, I.,<br />

Kremen, C., Morales, J.M., Bommarco,<br />

R., Cunningham, S.A., Carvalheiro,<br />

L.G., Chacoff, N.P., Dudenhöffer,<br />

J.H., Greenleaf, S.S., Holzschuh, A.,<br />

Isaacs, R., Krewenka, K., Mandelik, Y.,<br />

Mayfield, M.M., Morandin, L.A., Potts,<br />

S.G., Ricketts, T.H., Szentgyörgyi, H.,<br />

Viana, B.F., Westphal, C., Winfree,<br />

R. and Klein, A.M. (2011b) Stability<br />

of pollination services decreases with<br />

isolation from natural areas despite honey<br />

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1072.<br />

Garibaldi, L.A., Steffan-Dewenter, I.,<br />

Winfree, R., Aizen, M.A., Bommarco,<br />

R., Cunningham, S.A., Kremen, C.,<br />

Carvalheiro, L.G., Harder, L.D., Afik,<br />

O., Bartomeus, I., Benjamin, F.,<br />

Boreux, V., Cariveau, D., Chacoff,<br />

N.P., Dudenhöffer, J.H., Freitas, B.M.,<br />

Ghazoul, J., Greenleaf, S., Hipólito,<br />

J., Holzschuh, A., Howlett, B.,<br />

Isaacs, R., Javorek, S.K., Kennedy,<br />

C.M., Krewenka, K.M., Krishnan, S.,<br />

Mandelik, Y., Mayfield, M.M., Motzke,<br />

I., Munyuli, T., Nault, B.A., Otieno, M.,<br />

Petersen, J., Pisanty, G., Potts, S.G.,<br />

Rader, R., Ricketts, T.H., Rundlöf,<br />

M., Seymour, C.L., Schüepp, C.,<br />

Szentgyörgyi, H., Taki, H., Tscharntke,<br />

T., Vergara, C.H., Viana, B.F., Wanger,<br />

T.C., Westphal, C., Williams, N. and<br />

Klein, A.M. (2013) Wild pollinators<br />

enhance fruit set of crops regardless of<br />

honey bee abundance. Science, 339,<br />

1608-1611.<br />

Garratt, M.P.D., Breeze, T.D., Jenner,<br />

N., Polce, C., Biesmeijer, J.C. and<br />

Potts, S.G. (2014) Avoiding a bad<br />

apple: Insect pollination enhances fruit<br />

quality and economic value. Agriculture,<br />

Ecosystems & Environment, 184, 34-40.<br />

Gemmill-Herren, B., Eardley,<br />

C., Mburu, J., Kinuthia, W. and<br />

Martins, D. (2007) Pollinators. Farming<br />

with Nature: The Science and Practice<br />

of Ecoagriculture (eds Scherr, S.J.&.<br />

McNeely, J.A.). Island Press, Washington,<br />

DC.<br />

Gemmill-Herren, B., Kwapong, P.,<br />

Aidoo, K., Martins, D., Kinuthia, W.,<br />

Gikungu, M. and Eardley, C.D. (2014)<br />

Priorities for Research and Development<br />

in the Management of Pollination Services<br />

for Agricultural Development in Africa.<br />

Journal of Pollination Ecology, 12, 40-51.<br />

Godfray, H.C.J., Beddington, J.R.,<br />

Crute, I.R., Haddad, L., Lawrence,<br />

D., Muir, J.F., Pretty, J., Robinson, S.,<br />

Thomas, S.M. and Toulmin, C. (2010)<br />

Food security: the challenge of feeding 9<br />

billion people. Science, 327, 812-818.<br />

Gómez-Baggethun, E., Corbera, E.<br />

and Reyes-García, V. (2013) Traditional<br />

Ecological Knowledge and Global<br />

Environmental Change: Research findings<br />

and policy implications. Ecology and<br />

Society, 18, 72.<br />

González-Varo, J.P., Biesmeijer, J.C.,<br />

Bommarco, R., Potts, S.G., Schweiger,<br />

O., Smith, H.G., Steffan-Dewenter, I.,<br />

Szentgyörgyi, H., Woyciechowski, M.<br />

and Vilà, M. (2013) Combined effects<br />

of global change pressures on animalmediated<br />

pollination. Trends in Ecology &<br />

Evolution, 28, 524-530.<br />

Gonthier, D.J., Ennis, K.K., Farinas, S.,<br />

Hsieh, H.-Y., Iverson, A.L., Batáry, P.,<br />

Rudolphi, J., Tscharntke, T., Cardinale,<br />

B.J., and Perfecto, I. (2014) Biodiversity<br />

conservation in agriculture requires a<br />

multi-scale approach. Proceedings of the<br />

Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, 281,<br />

20141358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/<br />

rspb.2014.1358.<br />

Goulson, D., Nicholls, E., Botías, C.<br />

and Rotheray, E.L. (2015) Bee declines<br />

driven by combined stress from parasites,<br />

pesticides, and lack of flowers. Science,<br />

347.<br />

Graham, J. M. (ed.) (1992) The Hive and<br />

the Honey Bee. Dadant & Co., Hamilton,<br />

IL USA. pp.<br />

Greenleaf, S.S., Williams, N.M.,<br />

Winfree, R. and Kremen, C. (2007) Bee<br />

foraging ranges and their relationship to<br />

body size. Oecologia, 153, 589-596.<br />

Gregory, P.J. and George, T.S. (2011)<br />

Feeding nine billion: the challenge to<br />

sustainable crop production. Journal of<br />

Experimental Botany, 62, 5233-5239.<br />

Groeneveld, J.H., Tscharntke, T.,<br />

Moser, G. and Clough, Y. (2010)<br />

Experimental evidence for stronger cacao<br />

yield limitation by pollination than by plant<br />

resources. Perspectives in Plant Ecology,<br />

Evolution and Systematics, 12, 183-191.<br />

Guthman, J. (2014) Agrarian Dreams:<br />

The Paradox of Organic Farming in<br />

California. University of California Press,<br />

Berkerley, pp.<br />

Hansen, D.M., Beer, K. and Müller,<br />

C.B. (2006) Mauritian coloured nectar no<br />

longer a mystery: a visual signal for lizard<br />

pollinators. Biology Letters, 2, 165-168.<br />

Hazell, P. and Wood, S. (2008) Drivers of<br />

change in global agriculture. Philosophical<br />

Transactions of the Royal Society of<br />

London B: Biological Sciences, 363,<br />

495-515.<br />

Hegland, S.J., Nielsen, A., Lázaro, A.,<br />

Bjerknes, A.L. and Totland, Ø. (2009)<br />

How does climate warming affect plant–<br />

pollinator interactions? Ecology Letters,<br />

12, 184-195.<br />

Herrera, C.M. (1990) Daily patterns of<br />

pollinator activity, differential pollinating<br />

effectiveness, and floral resource<br />

availability, in a summer-flowering<br />

Mediterranean shrub. Oikos, 58, 277-288.<br />

Hoehn, P., Tscharntke, T., Tylianakis,<br />

J.M. and Steffan-Dewenter, I.<br />

(2008) Functional group diversity of<br />

bee pollinators increases crop yield.<br />

Proceedings of the Royal Society<br />

B-Biological Sciences, 275, 2283-2291.<br />

Holzschuh, A., Steffan-Dewenter,<br />

I. and Tscharntke, T. (2010) How do<br />

landscape composition and configuration,<br />

organic farming and fallow strips affect<br />

the diversity of bees, wasps and their<br />

parasitoids? Journal of Animal Ecology,<br />

79, 491-500.<br />

Hudewenz, A., Pufal, G., Bögeholz,<br />

A.L. and Klein, A.M. (2013) Crosspollination<br />

benefits differ among oilseed<br />

rape varieties. The Journal of Agricultural<br />

Science, 152, 770-778.

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